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Topic: Sunningdale Agreement

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	Sunningdale Agreement - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Sunningdale Agreement on December 9, 1973, was an attempt to end the Northern Ireland troubles by forcing unionists to share power with nationalists.
		The agreement was supported by the nationalist Social Democratic and Labour Party, the unionist Ulster Unionist Party and the moderate unionist and cross-community Alliance Party.
		On 21 November, agreement was reached on a voluntary coalition (not unlike the provisions of the Belfast Agreement) of pro-agreement parties.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sunningdale_Agreement (1230 words)

	Sunningdale - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sunningdale is a village in Berkshire, part of the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead.
		Sunningdale was until 1995 partly in Berkshire and partly in Surrey.
		The Sunningdale Agreement was signed here on 9 December 1973, part of the Northern Ireland peace process.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sunningdale (152 words)

	Encyclopedia: Sunningdale Agreement
		The Anglo-Irish Agreement was an agreement between the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland which aimed to bring an end to the Troubles in Northern Ireland.
		He opposed the Sunningdale Agreement which sought to rework relationships between Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom, and which provided for a power-sharing executive (government) involving both communities in Northern Ireland, and a controversial all-island Council of Ireland linking Northern Ireland and the Republic on a legal but not constitutional level.
		Sunningdale collapsed following the Ulster Workers' Strike which cut water and electricity supplies to many homes, and the failure of the British Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, Merlyn Rees and the British Prime Minister, Harold Wilson, to defend the power-sharing executive.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Sunningdale_Agreement (3387 words)

	Sunningdale Agreement
		The Sunningdale Agreement on December 9, 1973, was an attempt to solve the Northern Ireland problem.
		The agreement also established provisions for a Council of Ireland to stimulate co-operation with the Republic of Ireland and this was the proximate cause of the Ulster Workers Council strike that brought down the executive.
		Some twenty-six years after the collapse of Sunningdale, the Belfast Agreement replicated many of its principles and was famously described as "Sunningdale for slow learners" by SDLP Deputy Leader Seamus Mallon.
	www.keywordmage.net /su/sunningdale-agreement.html (283 words)

	CAIN: Events: The Sunningdale Agreement - Chronology of Main Events
		Sunningdale was the first occasion since 1925 that the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (UK), the Taoiseach (Irish Prime Minister), and the Northern Ireland government - in the form of the Northern Ireland Executive (designate) - had attended the same talks on the future of Northern Ireland.
		A communiqué; was issued which announced that agreement had been reached at the talks at Sunningdale; this communiqué; was to become known as the Sunningdale Agreement.
		The election in Northern Ireland was in effect a referendum on power-sharing, and the Council of Ireland as proposed in the Sunningdale Agreement.
	cain.ulst.ac.uk /events/sunningdale/chron.htm (1841 words)

	Ireland - Good Friday Agreement - here comes the crisis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Sunningdale, as far as the British were concerned, was dead from this point on, although it took armed rebellion by the loyalists to finally bury it.
		The Good Friday agreement remains extremely popular, especially among nationalists, and the rise of Sinn Fein is specifically based on their support for the agreement and their adoption of the policies of the of the SDLP.
		Their position is defence of the good Friday agreement, but the agreement today is not the agreement was signed: it has moved persistently to the right and will move further.
	www.labournet.org.uk /so/46ireland.html (1096 words)

	376 Wolff
		The Sunningdale Agreement was not a treaty between two states, but an agreement reached between two states and a selected number of political parties.
		The agreement had shown that there were possible solutions to which the two governments and a significant part of the nationalist community could agree.
		The majority with which the Good Friday Agreement was endorsed by the population north and south of the border and across the communities in Northern Ireland is unprecedented in the history of the conflict.
	it.stlawu.edu /~govt/376ReservesWolff.html (5056 words)

	Newshound: Links to daily newspaper articles about Northern Ireland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The key to achieving a multi-party agreement was to identify and tag those aspects of the 1974 Sunningdale Agreement which had ensured its doom and then to make sure they were absent from this settlement.
		Looking back now at the Sunningdale Agreement its clear that it was a radical document that was far-ahead of its time, too far-ahead argued some of its midwives including, famously, Alliance leader Oliver Napier one of Sunningdale's beneficiaries.
		Sunningdale was a threat to the Union because it really did hide a Republican viper in its bosom but this one is different because the Unionists, ultimately, will control the pace of change.
	www.nuzhound.com /articles/mal41-10.htm (1357 words)

	WashingtonPost.com: N. Ireland Special Report
		The Sunningdale Agreement of 1974, which provided for a power-sharing arrangement between British and Irish governments, offered some hope for peace.
		While constant warfare threatened to unravel the agreement, the deal proved to be a watershed, establishing the Irish government as a legitimate player in Northern Ireland for the first time.
		The bombing was a huge setback for many backers of the peace agreement, who had hoped the 30-year-old struggle – which has taken the lives of more than 3,400 people – was coming to an end.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-srv/inatl/longterm/nireland/overview.htm (1535 words)

	Dáil Éireann - Volume 272 - 22 May, 1974 - Committee on Finance. - Sunningdale Agreement: Statement by Taoiseach.
		Today's agreement also assures the maintenance of the power-sharing Executive in Northern Ireland which came into existence as a result of the settlement reached at Sunningdale.
		When the Sunningdale Agreement was presented to us in this House we were told it was presented as a complete package and was not open to negotiation.
		Now that seems to have been diluted and, in effect, the implementation of the Sunningdale Communiqué will depend on the electoral will of the smallest of the jurisdictions who are parties to the Sunningdale Agreement.
	www.oireachtas-debates.gov.ie /D/0272/D.0272.197405220036.html (983 words)

	Slugger O'Toole: Government Change in 2005 ?
		This is 2005 and the Belfast Agreement has been consigned to the dustbin of history in the same way as the Sunningdale Agreement, the Anglo-Irish Agremment etc, were.
		Just like the Sunningdale Agreement on issues like power-sharing and the right of the people of Northern Ireland to determine their own political future, elements of the Belfast Agreement have lived on.
		The DUP have not consigned the Belfast Agreement to the dustbin.
	www.sluggerotoole.com /archives/2004/12/government_chan.php (697 words)

	The UWC Strike (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In Dublin, Kevin Boland (a former Fianna Fail cabinet minister and leader of Aontacht Éireann a republican splinter group), took the Cosgrave government to the High Court on the grounds that the Éire Constitution laid claim to Ulster and therefore the recognition of Ulster's status as part of the UK was illegal.
		Judge Murnaghan ruled that the Sunningdale Agreement did indeed acknowledge that Ulster was part of the UK but that the paragraph concerned was no more than a policy statement.
		The attitude of Rees and Orme was to denounce the strike as 'political flmail' and 'thuggery'.
	www.ulsternation.org.uk /uwc_strike.htm (1159 words)

	[A-List] Good Friday agreement -- Dublin radio discussion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		I believe it aims to solidify and institutionalise various ceasefires that were in place, develop political alternatives to armed conflict, and create the political and economic space to help with the advance of a territory from a state of conflict to a post-conflict society.
		What is common in all of these - what the Good Friday Agreement is - is a recognition by the people involved in the conflict, and their supporters, and the political parties, that the underlying causes of the conflict were to be, as much as possible, neutralised.
		Killian Forde: The Sunningdale Agreement and the Good Friday Agreement can be looked at - you can compare the two of them as documents - but you can't compare them in terms of society, from where we were at the time.
	lists.econ.utah.edu /pipermail/a-list/2003-June/026540.html (4038 words)

	Vanguard Progressive Unionist Party - RecipeFacts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		After the suspension of the Stormont Parliament, Faulkner moved towards a policy of power-sharing with nationalist and non-sectarian politicians under the Sunningdale Agreement.
		The party contested a succession of elections: to the brief Sunningdale Assembly, the February 1974 General Election, the October 1974 General Election and the 1975 elections to the Constitutional Convention.
		The latter three were fought as part of the United Ulster Unionist Council with the Democratic Unionist Party and the Ulster Unionists, where the anti-Sunningdale wing of the party was now in control.
	www.recipeland.com /encyclopaedia/index.php/Vanguard_Progressive_Unionist_Party (555 words)

	CAIN: Events: Sunningdale Agreement, December 1973
		The Conference agreed that a formal agreement incorporating the declarations of the British and Irish Governments would be signed at the formal stage of the Conference and registered at the United Nations.
		The Conference expressed the hope that the wide range of agreement that had been reached, and the consequent formation of a power-sharing Executive, would make a major contribution to the creation of an atmosphere throughout the community where there would be widespread support for and identification with all the institutions of Northern Ireland.
		It was broadly accepted that the two parts of Ireland are to a considerable extent inter-dependent in the whole field of law and order, and that the problems of political violence and identification with the police service cannot be solved without taking account of that fact.
	cain.ulst.ac.uk /events/sunningdale/agreement.htm (1930 words)

	Council of Ireland - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		The Anglo-Irish War prevented many provisions of the Act, including the Council, from ever actually being implemented, and the Anglo-Irish Treaty, while not calling for the formal repeal of the Act, resulted in practice deviating from that provided for in the Act, so that this Council never became operational.
		Many of the functions contemplated for it were actually handled by the short-lived Council created by the Sunningdale Agreement, implemented over a half-century later.
		The Sunningdale Agreement specified the details of the council, as had been worked out through negotiations between the parties of Northern Ireland and the British and Irish governments.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Council_of_Ireland (273 words)

	Northern Ireland Peace
		This agreement would not only resolve the conflict in Northern Ireland, but finally bring to an end the greater historical clash between the English and the Irish that goes back to the invasions by the English centuries ago.
		The agreement will be submitted to the wider membership of the parties and needs to be ratified by referendums in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland on May 22.
		So this agreement is a step towards peace, but the conditions for a lasting solution to the conflict have not quite been achieved.
	www.progress.org /archive/fold33.htm (680 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		They have just put under their belt one of the most significant gains for British rule for the past 30 years in re-establishing the RUC as the unchallenged state police, now, for the first time ever, formally supported by the local Catholic middle class and the Dublin government.
		On the ground it was quite clear that raw sectarian bigotry drove the reaction to the Sunningdale agreement and that an identical bigotry drives the reaction today.
		The loyalist groups were bribed into supporting the Good Friday Agreement with a combination of peace grants and manipulation of the electoral structure to help them enter politics, while the RUC turned a blind eye to racketeering, protection and drug empires in loyalist areas.
	members.lycos.co.uk /socialistdemocracyie/49irelandCrisis.htm (2099 words)

	In These Times 25/17 -- Good Bye, Good Friday
		Reforms of the RUC that would seem mild in another context--recruiting a 50 percent Catholic force and establishing an independent oversight commission--have become political and symbolic indicators of which "community" is gaining or losing ground.
		The so-called Sunningdale agreement established an assembly and executive cabinet with both unionists and nationalists participating.
		Sunningdale also created a Council of Ireland that gave the Dublin government a consultative role in Northern Irish affairs, not unlike the North/South Ministerial Council that is part of the current arrangement.
	www.inthesetimes.com /issue/25/17/candaele2517.html (1249 words)

	History of Ireland 1972 - 1984: The Sunningdale Agreement and the Hunger Strikes
		Representatives from Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland and London met at Sunningdale, in Berkshire, England to discuss this.
		The anti-power sharing Unionists were outraged that the Republic was to have a say in Northern Ireland and demanded that the agreement be scrapped.
		Despite the election results, no changes were made to the Sunningdale agreement or the Executive.
	www.wesleyjohnston.com /users/ireland/past/history/19721984.html (1302 words)

	Sunningdale Agreement - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Sunningdale Agreement - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		This encyclopedia, history, geography and biography article about Sunningdale Agreement contains research on
		Sunningdale Agreement, The Northern Ireland Assembly, The Power Sharing Executive, The Council of Ireland, The Ulster Workers' Council Strike, See also, External links, History of Northern Ireland, Home Rule in the United Kingdom and General strikes.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Sunningdale_Agreement (1276 words)

	Accord: Striking a balance. The Northern Ireland peace process (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Sunningdale Agreement affirms that the constitutional status of Northern Ireland can only be changed with the consent of the majority and establishes a Council of Ireland.
		The Northern Ireland Assembly endorses the Sunningdale Agreement with the votes of the rump of unionists who support the Agreement together with the nationalists.
		In the absence of agreement on the form of devolution the premiers set 16 November as the date for the next Anglo-Irish intergovernmental conference, effectively setting a limit to the talks.
	www.c-r.org /accord/ireland/accord8/Chronol.shtml (7216 words)

	CNN In-Depth Specials - Northern Ireland's Path to Peace - Now that it's Yes, the real task begins
		Delegates from both sides of the sectarian divide as well as the British and Irish governments agree on a power-sharing formula that sets up a Council of Ireland, which is to have a limited say on issues of joint concern between the north and south.
		But early in 1974, the Sunningdale Agreement collapses due to fierce opposition and strikes called by hard-line unionists.
		Hard-line unionists firmly oppose the agreement as a sellout by London, and the IRA continues its campaign for a reunified all-Ireland state.
	www.cnn.com /SPECIALS/1998/nireland/referendum (1108 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Aspects of the Belfast Agreement: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The more immediate provenance of the Agreement is complemented by a comparison with its often cited predecessor, the 1973 Sunningdale Agreement, and the former's 'consociational plus' design is explained, while its legislative implementation is set within the context of cross-cutting constitutionalism ushered in by the UK's wider devolution process.
		Public and elite attitudes towards the Agreement in the Republic of Ireland are also discussed, as is the controversial report of the Patten Commission on the reform of the RUC.
		The acceptance of the consent principle by the Agreement's signatories and the open-ended constitutional future it bequeathes to Northern Ireland have created a form of devolution that is delicately poised.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/0199244049 (636 words)

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