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Topic: Superadditive

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	Superadditive effects of multiple lesions in a connectionist architecture: Implications for the neuropsychology of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Superadditive effects of multiple lesions in a connectionist architecture: Implications for the neuropsychology of optic aphasia
		We have tested this hypothesis by modeling superadditive effects of damage in a connectionist architecture.
		More broadly, superadditive effects of damage provide a novel class of explanations for neuropsychological deficits that might previously have seemed to imply the existence of highly specialized processing components.
	www.cs.colorado.edu /~mozer/papers/optic_aphasia.html (172 words)

	PlanetMath: superadditivity
		The major reason for use of superadditive sequences is the following lemma due to Fekete.
		This is version 6 of superadditivity, born on 2003-08-19, modified 2004-01-25.
		Object id is 4616, canonical name is Superadditivity.
	planetmath.org /encyclopedia/Superadditivity.html (158 words)

	Convergence of Moving Averages of Multiparameter Superadditive Processes (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Convergence of Moving Averages of Multiparameter Superadditive Processes (1998)
		69.5%: Convergence of Moving Averages of Multiparameter Superadditive..
		1 A multiparameter strongly superadditive ergodic theorem (context) - Emilion, Hachem - 1985
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /512419.html (378 words)

	Photographic silver halide developer composition and process for forming photographic silver images - Patent 5998110
		The fl-and-white aqueous alkaline photographic developer composition of claim 1 wherein said auxiliary superadditive 3-pyrazolidone developing agent is represented by the formula: ##STR6## wherein R.sub.4 represents a phenyl group; and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
		Generally, the combinations of developing agents showing superadditivity consist of one developing agent from the dihydroxybenzene type (hydroquinone) and one developing agent from either the aminophenol type or the 3-pyrazolidone type.
		The amount of such superadditive auxiliary developing agent used in the present invention is from about 0.001 to 0.2 moles per liter, preferably from about 0.025 to 0.1.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5998110.html (6023 words)

	Lower Expectations and Lower Previsions
		Note this other fundamental fact: if you have a set of probability distributions that creates an affinely superadditive lower expectation, the convex hull of this set of distributions will create the same lower expectation.
		The relationship between credal sets and superadditive, positively affine lower expectations is simple: they are different representations of the same thing.
		For lower expectation models that are not superadditive positively affine, the situation is more complicated.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /~qbayes/Tutorial/Introduction/node5.html (608 words)

	Lower Expectations and Lower Previsions
		The relationship between credal sets and superadditive, positively affine lower expectations is simple: they are different representations of the same thing.
		For lower expectation models that are not superadditive positively affine, the situation is more complicated.
		But for any practical purposes lower previsions are exactly equal to affinely superadditive lower expectations.
	www-2.cs.cmu.edu /~qbayes/Tutorial/Introduction/node5.html (608 words)

	Superadditive and Subadditive Effects of "Hot Spot" Mutations within the Interfaces of Placental Ribonuclease Inhibitor ...
		Superadditive and Subadditive Effects of "Hot Spot" Mutations within the Interfaces of Placental Ribonuclease Inhibitor with Angiogenin and Ribonuclease A
		In contrast, the energetic effects of the 434 and 435, and 434 and 437, substitution pairs on binding of Ang are fully additive and 2.5 kcal/mol beyond additive, respectively.
		Superadditivities (0.9-2.4 kcal/mol) are also observed for several multisite replacements involving these inhibitor residues and two Ang residues, Arg5 and Lys40, from this part of the interface.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/bichaw/1999/38/i29/abs/bi990762a.html (406 words)

	Amazon.com: "superadditive games": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		For superadditive games G = (N, Q, v) the transformed characteristic function v1 _ (v) and v2 = rfi2(v) are defined as...
		4 The class of superadditive games is sufficiently large, but we could consider a larger class of games without changing the results presented here.
		There exist superadditive games with an empty core and vice-versa as shown in the following two examples.
	amazon.com /phrase/superadditive-games (468 words)

	NYJM Abstract - 3A-11 - Doğan Çömez
		superadditive processes, admissible processes, moving averages, almost everywhere convergence, convergence in the mean
		It is shown that moving averages sequences are good in the mean for multiparameter strongly superadditive processes in L
		convergence of the moving averages of multiparameter superadditive processes with respect to positive L
	nyjm.albany.edu:8000 /j/1998/3A-11.html (89 words)

	Superadditive (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		By Klaus Schuerger; Multiparameter almost superadditive limit theorems and their application to combinatorial optimization...
		By Guesnerie Roger and Oddou Claude; On economic games which are not necessarily superadditive, solution concepts and application to a local public
		Multiparameter almost superadditive limit theorems and their application to combinatorial optimization...
	www.superadditive.info (343 words)

	Hancock, T
		Experiment Four: The same procedure as Experiment 3 was replicated, but the bottom three associates of each list were used.
		General Discussion: So, when a full list was studied, they found a superadditive priming effect on the critical lures.
		When fewer items were presented, the superadditive priming was lost, but critical lures were still found to be more highly activated that than the non-presented control items.
	www.uark.edu /misc/lampinen/read/f03/hancock03.htm (1097 words)

	MIP 2006 Abstracts
		On the other hand, superadditive lifting is descriptive in the sense that it requires the characterization of superadditive lifting functions.
		It is well-known that mixed-integer rounding is a special case of superadditive lifting and in several cases mixed-integer rounding leads to strong valid inequalities.
		These simple prescriptive techniques lead to strong superadditive lifting inequalities that are difficult to describe explicitly.
	coral.ie.lehigh.edu /mip-2006/abstract.html (2615 words)

	Summation of Forces From Multiple Motor Units in the Cat Soleus Muscle -- Perreault et al. 89 (2): 738 -- Journal of ...
		summation undergoes a transition from superadditive to subadditive
		superadditive, instances of subadditive summation also were observed.
		the observed transition from superadditive to subadditive summation.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/89/2/738 (4728 words)

	Experience-Dependent Neural Integration of Taste and Smell in the Human Brain -- Small et al. 92 (3): 1892 -- Journal ...
		Superadditive responses during the perception of the congruent
		superadditive responses were observed in the ACC and anterior
		the responses in the region with the superadditive response
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/92/3/1892 (7296 words)

	AMCA: Power indices and the veil of ignorance by Federico Valenciano (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		That is, reinterpreting power indices as utility functions representing von Neumann-Morgenstern preferences over the set of lotteries on roles in simple superadditive games or the voting rules modeled by them.
		As a result an axiomatization in Roth's setting emerges in which our axioms acquire a clear interpretation in terms of attitudes towards risk involving roles in voting rules under the "veil of ignorance" concerning the role to play.
		It postulates the indifference between adopting the voting procedure described by any simple game and the one resulting from this when a minimal winning coalition is deleted, IF it is equally probable to play a role in the deleted coalition or in its complementary, and all roles are equally probable within each of these coalitions.
	at.yorku.ca /c/a/e/z/06.htm (553 words)

	Dehn Functions of Groups
		We put the word ``must" in quotation marks because the proof of this restriction is yet to exist.
		Although, as we have said the proof of superadditivity conjecture does not exist at that time, Guba and Sapir were able to prove the following partial result.
		In view of Theorem 4, the superadditivity conjecture is equivalent to the following property:
	www.math.vanderbilt.edu /~msapir/Talk1/node4.html (802 words)

	Large deviations for global maxima of independent superadditive processes with negative drift and an application to ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Large deviations for global maxima of independent superadditive processes with negative drift and an application to optimal sequence alignments
		We examine the distribution of the global maximum of an independent superadditive process with negative drift.
		We show that, under certain conditions, the distribution's upper tail decays exponentially at a rate that can be characterized as the unique positive zero of some limiting ogarithmic moment generating functio.
	projecteuclid.org /Dienst/UI/1.0/Summarize/euclid.bj/1099579157 (605 words)

	Atlas: A new solution using coalitional theory for superadditive TU n-person games. by Mike Ball (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Atlas: A new solution using coalitional theory for superadditive TU n-person games.
		Department of Mathematical Sciences, University og Liverpool, U.K. Arguments are presented for coalitional theory, in which coalitions have the structure of a rooted tree.
		The author(s) of this document and the organizers of the conference have granted their consent to include this abstract in Atlas Conferences Inc. Document # cafi-34.
	atlas-conferences.com /c/a/f/i/34.htm (276 words)

	General Notes: Photographic Formulas
		It is still perfectly functional as a developer, though it tends to produce less contrast as it ages, and prints should always be developed face up to prevent unwanted stains.
		The hydroquinone in the formula breaks down and ceases to produce its superadditive effect with the metol, but the metol and glycin continue to function long after the hydroquinone is exhausted.
		Ansel Adams probably got the idea for his variant from using Ansco 130 well beyond the effective life of the hydroquinone.
	www.jackspcs.com /chemnote.htm (5951 words)

	[No title]
		All attempts to find superadditivity in BOLD signals using non-speech objects have been unsuccessful, and it has been suggested that the superadditive criterion may be too conservative for non-speech object stimuli (Beauchamp 2005: Laurienti et al.
		One possible explanation for the lack of superadditive findings in BOLD is that fMRI must record from a population of neurons and lacks the capability to record from single neurons.
		In that case, the experimenters would not have seen superadditivity in the BOLD signal even if multisensory neurons in the area were superadditive, but this would have been due to only the constraints of the BOLD signal itself.
	www.indiana.edu /~iung/fmriPapers/Stevenson&James.doc (4056 words)

	Sequence Independent Lifting for Mixed-Integer Programming - Atamturk (ResearchIndex)
		Abstract: We show that superadditive lifting functions lead to sequence independent lifting of inequalities for general mixed--integer programming.
		Let # be defined as before and let # : IR IR be a superadditive function such that # #.
		10 Valid inequalities and superadditivity for 0/1 integer progr..
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /atamturk02sequence.html (509 words)

	Willick, A Power Index for Cooperative Games with Applications to Hierarchical Organizations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Some of the significant results obtained in these works, however, relied on the assumption that the characteristic function games were superadditive.
		This power index has a number of useful properties, including the satisfaction of individual rationality even when games are not superadditive.
		Furthermore, there exists a strong relationship between the new power index and the core of the game (the set of stable solutions).
	www.acsu.buffalo.edu /~bialas/Papers/phdwillick95.html (220 words)

	MOVING AVERAGES OF SUPERADDITIVE PROCESSES WITH RESPECT TO Lp-CONTRACTIONS, (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		MOVING AVERAGES OF SUPERADDITIVE PROCESSES WITH RESPECT TO Lp-CONTRACTIONS,
		It is shown that the moving averages of superadditive processes with respect to positive L
		The dominated estimate for the moving averages of such superadditive processes is obtained from the dominated estimate for the moving averages of additive processes.
	math.la.asu.edu /~rmmc/rmj/RMJ28-3/com (48 words)

	KODAK: How Safe Is Your Safelight? Placement Of Safelight Lamps
		Flat fl paint is also recommended around light locks to prevent unwanted light from entering darkrooms.
		An all-fl darkroom is best for preventing fog or superadditive exposure in some applications, such as copying and duplicating.
		KODAK Utility Safelight Lamps provide good indirect illumination when they are hung with the filter side facing the ceiling.
	www.kodak.com /global/en/consumer/products/techInfo/k4/k4Placement.shtml (408 words)

	The Hidden Structure of Interaction, Edited by L. Anolli, S. Duncan JR, M.S. Magnusson, G. Riva, Ios Press, Amsterdam, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Moreover, totality is more than the addition of the single parts because of the superadditive composition rule, proposed by von Foerster.
		As he highlighted, composition of interacting components is superadditive.
		This phenomenon is strictly connected with the emergence process, as emergence is a new quality referring to the system constituents.
	www.vepsy.com /communication/volume7.html (3126 words)

	SSRN-The Structure Of Equilibrium Payoffs In Superadditive Coalitional Games by Glenn MacDonald, Michael Ryall (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		We explore the determinants of the payoffs an individual player may obtain in the equilibria of superadditive n-player coalitional games with transferable payoff.
		We provide conditions necessary and sufficient for the lower bound on a player's equilibrium payoff to coincide with his reservation payoff, and show that if this lower bound is strictly larger than the reservation payoff, then there is an implied condition whose obvious interpretation is in terms of competing groups of players.
		MacDonald, Glenn M. and Ryall, Michael D., "The Structure Of Equilibrium Payoffs In Superadditive Coalitional Games" (August 2, 2001).
	papers.ssrn.com /sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=281870 (278 words)

	Response Surface Analysis of Synergism Between Morphine and Clonidine -- Tallarida et al. 289 (1): 8 -- Journal of ...
		Contour of constant effect on the surface (PQ) projects onto the plane to give the line of additivity (AB) that is also shown in the inset.
		B, illustration of a superadditive response surface based on a constant value (0.1) of the interaction index for the drug combination.
		Adams JU, Tallarida RJ, Geller EB and Adler MW (1993) Isobolographic superadditivity between delta and mu opioid agonists in the rat depends on the ratio of the compounds, the mu agonist and the analgesic assay used.
	jpet.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/289/1/8 (3640 words)

	A1
		Then for any individual, he will have incentives to vote because if he votes and nobody else does, the results is going to be in his favor and he would get a payoff of 9.
		Superadditivity of a function f means that f of a union of disjoint sets must be greater than or equal to the sum of f of those sets...
		c) This function is superadditive, since when you combine together groups, this could only increase the number of pairs that know each other!
	www.math.hmc.edu /~su/gametheory/hw/hw8 (328 words)

	Optimization Online - Integer programming, duality and superadditive functions
		Abstract: Given $A \in Z^{m\times n}$, $b \in Z^m, c \in R^n$, we consider the integer program $P_d: \max \{c'x\vert Ax=b;x\in Z^n_+\}$ which has a well-known abstract dual optimization problem stated in terms of superadditive functions.
		Using a linear program $Q$ equivalent to $P_d$ that we have introduced recently, we show that its dual $Q^$ can be interpreted as a simplified and tractable form of the abstract superadditive* dual, and identifies a subclass of superadditive functions, sufficient to consider in the abstract dual.
		This class of superadditive functions is also used to characterize the integer hull of the convex polytope $\{x \in R^n\vert \:Ax=b;x\geq0\}$.
	www.optimization-online.org /DB_HTML/2004/03/848.html (125 words)

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