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Topic: Supercavitation

	Supersonic Subs
		Kam Ng, a leading specialist on supercavitation at the Office of Naval Research agreed to discuss the fundamentals of the technology, but not how it might be tactically applied.
		A supercavitating torpedo with a mooring line fired down from the water’s surface could maintain the force needed to slam an anchor deep into the sea floor, whereas such a remote system in deep seas using existing technology would slow and then simply clunk onto the sediment below.
		The advantage of a supercavitating probe would be that it could travel to points of interest (heat signatures, promising strata of current) rather than remaining stationary or mapping that huge sphere in its entirety, without discrimination, French said.
	www.space.com /businesstechnology/technology/gear_supercavitation.html (1355 words)

	Don Park's Daily Habit - Supercavitation
		Supercavitation is the underwater version of a faster-than-light (FTL) space travel method popular among science-fiction writers which involves creating a hyperspace bubble around a spacecraft. Supercavitation creates an enveloping bubble of low-pressure gas around an object so it can move at speed typically associated with aircrafts.
		One downside of supercavitation is the fuel to propell the object fast enough to trigger the supercavitation at the specially shaped head. Supercavitation torpedos use jet fuel. I can't imagine what underwater supercavitation sub-carrier need to use.
		Ultimately, I think noise and operational hazards will prevent development of supercavitating submarines. ; Supercavitation bubble imposes some navigation constraints and if a submarine moving at 200 mph can't avoid a whale or a school of tuna, we are talking pretty big repair bills.
	www.docuverse.com /blog/donpark/2003/11/22/supercavitation (439 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Supercavitation
		Supercavitation is the use of cavitation effects to create a large bubble of gas inside a liquid, allowing an object to travel at great speed through the liquid by being wholly enveloped by the bubble.
		A supercavitating object's main features are a specially shaped nose, typically flat with sharp edges, and a streamlined, aquadynamical and aerodynamical shape.
		To date, the main emphasis of research into supercavitation has been into the development of torpedoes, due to the fact that supercavitating torpedoes can give an overwhelming advantage to a navy possessing them in quantity (assuming that the opposing navy doesn't possess them).
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Supercavitation (865 words)

	Supercavitation
		Supercavitation allows for much higher speeds to be sustainable by eliminating, or drastically reducing, skin friction drag at the higher speeds.
		The conditions for supercavitation require that enough energy be put into the water to vaporize a given volume of water through which an object can travel.
		Supercavitation theory was developed by Dr. Marshall Tulin in the US in the 1960s.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/intro/supercavitation.htm (512 words)

	Supercavitation
		Supercavitation is the use of cavitation effects to create a bubble of low-pressure gas (ideally vacuum) wherein an object may travel at great speed while submerged in a liquid.
		This cavity reduces the drag on the object, which is normally about 1,000 times greater in water than in air.
		In 1977, Russian engineers developed the first projectile to use supercavitation: the VA-111 Shkval (squall) torpedo.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/su/Supercavitation.html (130 words)

	SUBMARINE HEROES
		So in a supercavitating vehicle, only the nose of the craft causes significant drag, because this is the only part of the body actually in contact with the water.
		Supercavitation could completely change the nature of undersea warfare, says Galeotti, turning the traditional cat-and-mouse game, with vessels sneaking around as quietly as possible, into a cacophonous dogfight.
		Small supercavitating craft might instead be sent out by a mother ship on short-range attacks, wheeling about to get a good line of sight for their underwater machine guns.
	www.subsim.com /ssr/page33.html (2056 words)

	On the possibility of supercavitation in the quantum ether
		Supercavitation is a phenomenon by which an object travels almost frictionless with high velocities inside a gas bubble surrounded by a liquid [1].
		As regards the initial stage of reaching an environment which might be capable of supercavitating, one candidate would be the formation of a Casimir vacuum between conducting plates [5], which, due to boundary conditions, lacks certain modes of the electromagnetic field.
		As a consequence, the radiative corrections and the associated renormalized physical entities such as mass, anomalous magnetic moment [6] and the index of refraction [7] are modified.
	tph.tuwien.ac.at /~svozil/publ/2002-sc.htm (645 words)

	Supercavitation centrifugal pump - Patent 4681508
		The supercavitation centrifugal pump of claim 1 wherein the small radius of curvature is sufficient severe as to be substantially located along a rounded line extending from the axis of the impeller.
		The present invention relates to a high performance supercavitation centrifugal pump capable of lifting or driving liquids and slurries with or without lumpy solid matters such as ore, soil, sand, gravel, straw, fishes, foodstuffs, flocks, etc. contained in the lifting or driving fluid without damage from such solid matters.
		Accordingly, the impeller blade 1 of the present invention is a supercavitating blade of non-clog type which is not adversely affected by the fixed cavitation.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4681508.html (1245 words)

	CSDL Forums > Have you heard of this? "Supercavitation" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Nov 30 2005, 07:31 PM Supercavitation is the naval revolution which is set to change underwater warfare from a slow, silent and stealthy game of cat and mouse to a high speed, hyper-kinetic fight to the death.
		Supercavitation, rather than fighting the process of cavitation, exploits it to create a near frictionless environment for a craft to travel in.
		In ventilated supercavitation, air is pumped into the bubble to increase its size and ensure that it covers the entire supercavitating projectile.
	www.counter-strike-dl.com /forums/lofiversion/index.php/t5042.html (1233 words)

	China Equipped with Hydro-Warp Torpedoes from Russia (US unable to defend against them!) [Free Republic]
		Supercavitating systems could mean a quantum leap in naval warfare that is analogous in some ways to the move from prop planes to jets or even to rockets and missiles.
		Supercavitating weapons work in the U.S. is being directed by the Office of Naval Research (ONR) in Arlington, Va. In general, the ONR's efforts are aimed at developing two classes of supercavitating technologies: projectiles and torpedoes.
		An important point regarding future supercavitating vehicles is the fact that transitions from normal underwater travel into the supercavitating regime and back out again can be accomplished by artificially ventilating a partial cavity to maintain and expand it through the velocity transitions.
	www.freerepublic.com /forum/a3aeb823635e8.htm (4918 words)

	Afrikajagd
		Supercavitation is an extreme version of cavitation in which a single bubble is formed that envelops the moving object almost completely.
		Most of the difficulties in mathematically modeling supercavitating flows arise when considering what Tulin calls "the mess at the rear" of cavities, known as the collapse or closure region.
		In supercavitation, the small gas bubbles produced by cavitation expand and combine to form one large, stable, and predictable bubble around the supercavitating object.
	www.grosswildjagd.de /fundamen.htm (1447 words)

	Supercavitation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A conventional rocket engine is used to propel the Shkval supercavitating torpedo.
		As of early 2006, Russia and China are known operators of supercavitating weapons.
		Hargrove, J. Supercavitation and aerospace technology in the development of high-speed underwater vehicles.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Supercavitation (1626 words)

	MaritimeDigital Portal - (c) Frederic Logghe
		Supercavitation creates a gas cavity between the vehicle surface and the water, thereby reducing drag and increasing vehicle speed.
		The program's ultimate goal is a new class of underwater craft for littoral missions that can transport small groups of Navy personnel or specialized military cargo at speeds up to 100 knots.
		"Supercavitation technology has great potential to increase the speed of underwater vehicles," said John Golombeck, vice president of Naval and Surface Systems for Northrop Grumman's Systems Development and Technology business unit.
	www.ibiblio.org /maritime/Portal/News/newsmessage.php?var_id=1794 (332 words)

	[No title]
		Supercavitation involves surrounding an object with a bubble that allows it to travel at high speed.
		Supercavitation offers 60-70% reduction in total drag, or over 90% reduction in skin friction, on an underwater body.
		This effort will help determine the feasibility of supercavitation technology to enable a new class of high-speed underwater craft for future littoral missions that could involve the transport of high-value cargo and/or small units of personnel.
	www.atsnn.com /article/235260 (1247 words)

	dogonfire.dk :: View topic - Phin movement/speeds (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Supercavitation is on the sketchy list on http://hardwater.dogonfire.dk for that same reason you describe : To explain the rather zippy movement of the phins (so its fun to play) and for making experiments with some nice graphical effects when going "hypercavitating".
		As for the device, how about having several different levels of supercavitating devices, lowest that comes with all subs creates the bubble and allows you to move fast, only problem is its very noisy.
		That is the basic idea behind supercavitation; essentially shaping the cavitation and turbulence bubbles into one large bubbleeffect that will boost you through the water.
	www.dogonfire.dk /Forum/viewtopic.php?t=304 (2595 words)

	The American Spectator
		Supercavitation is what happens when something underwater reaches the speed of about 100 miles per hour.
		The Russians have taken supercavitation out of the lab and put it to sea in the rocket-powered torpedo they call "Shkval" (squall).
		If you can get within range of an American aircraft carrier, you can be sure of a kill, because there’s no way the big ship is going to dodge so fast a torpedo, and it has no other defense.
	www.spectator.org /dsp_article.asp?art_id=4001 (1033 words)

	Supercavitation - Wikipédia
		Les caractéristiques principales d'un objet en supercavitation sont un nez particulièrement travaillé, en général plat avec des bords pointus, et une forme profilée hydrodynamique et aérodynamique.
		Un objet en supercavitation "vole" littéralement dans le gaz environnant.
		Le principe de supercavitation est employé pour des propulseurs de rendement très élevé et également pour des gouvernes et gouvernails.
	fr.wikipedia.org /wiki/Supercavitation (878 words)

	Cyberden One. - My Digital Diary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		SuperCavitation describes the theory that enables under-water vehicles to exceed speeds of more than 180 km/hr.
		Recently in Bangalore, India (30 percent of all global computer programmers are from India) Rudra Pratap has been working on supercavitation attempting to leapfrog cavitation, a reaction of water that causes damaging shock waves resulting in pitting of the hull.
		The goal of these engineers is "supercavitation": to vaporize action of seawater immediately in front of a submarine to create the mobile bubble all engineers know is there.
	www.cyberdenone.com /digital_diary/digital_diary_12.html (716 words)

	Technical Information - Torpedoed - Edmond Pope
		Principles of cavitation and supercavitation have been observed and studied for several generations.
		A supercavitating underwater vehicle has been studied and partially developed in several countries, especially since the late 1950's.
		A concerted effort to develop an underwater supercavitating vehicle was begun here in the US and the Russians obtained key documents from us and reportedly bought at least one patent from a company in the US.
	www.edmondpope.com /tech.php (748 words)

	DARPA seeks supercavitation submarine - Armchair General Forums
		Supercavitation refers to a process of displacing water around a submerged vessel so that it travels in a gaseous or vaporous cavity.
		The military is also interested in the possibility of supercavitation for bunker-busting missiles.
		I haven't read the specs for the Shkval for about 6 years, but I'm thinking they are the size of a standard torpedo; just over 1 meter (3 feet) in diameter.
	www.armchairgeneral.com /forums/showthread.php?t=37482 (647 words)

	Ultrahigh Speeds Underwater (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		First explored in the 1940s, supercavitation exploits a loophole that allows underwater travel with minimal drag.
		The rest of the object is surrounded by low-pressure water vapor, significantly lowering the drag on the supercavitating object.
		Some estimates indicate that a supercavitating projectile, using rocket propulsion, could travel at speeds in excess of 230 miles per hour underwater.
	www.scjai.com /technote146.html (559 words)

	Penetrat
		In general, the idea is to minimize the amount of wetted surface on the body by enclosing it in a low-density gas bubble and to retain the gyroscopic stabilisation.Very important is the gyroscopic stabilisation of the bullet travelling in a supercavitation bubble.
		The edge of the disk generates the supercavitation bubble, its diameter determines the energy transfer and amount of penetration.
		Penetration in big game is often limited by the stability of the supercavitation bubble and unexpected bullet paths as reported often in big animals is due to this effect.
	www.grosswildjagd.de /penetrat.htm (2935 words)

	TRECC :: Funding Opportunities Database :: Advanced Search
		The intent is to determine the feasibility for supercavitation technology to enable a new class of high-speed underwater craft for future littoral missions that could involve the transport of high-value cargo and/or small units of personnel.
		The Underwater Express program is a technology development and demonstration program: It will require the investigation and resolution of critical technological issues associated with the physics of supercavitation and must culminate in a credible demonstration at a significant scale to prove that a supercavitating underwater craft is controllable at speeds up to 100 knots.
		This BAA shall remain open for one (1) year from the date of publication on www.fedbizopps.gov and www.fedgrants.gov. Although the Government may select proposals for award at any time during this period, it is anticipated that the majority of funding for this program will be committed during the initial selections.
	www.trecc.org /cgi-bin/fundopp/viewopp?opp=BAA06-13 (1442 words)

	Faster than a Speeding Bullet - Kaedrin Weblog
		Supercavitation essentially creates a gas bubble around all but the very nose of a projectile in order to virtually eliminate water drag and achieve high speeds (possibly breaking the sound barrier).
		The technology is real and the applications range from peaceful ocean farming and exploration of Jupiter's moon Europa to supercavitating weaponry like torpedoes and bullets.
		"Mastery of supercavitation could turn the quiet chess game of submarine warfare we know today into a mirror image of the hyper-kinetic world of aerial combat." The cinematic possibilites alone make this phenomenon intriguing.
	kaedrin.com /weblog/archive/000582.html (210 words)

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