
	Where results make sense

Topic: Supernode

In the News (Sat 19 Dec 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	FuckedCompany.com - Official lubricant of the new economy
		Supernode queries other supernodes to fulfill a search request, but does not query peers serviced by other supernodes (such a step is unnecessary because the supernodes index all files available among the peers they service).
		Supernodes that are split from the network also eventually reconnect to it, but that reconnection takes 10-15 minutes longer than the reconnection of peers.
		Among the supernodes on the new preset list is one at s1grokster.com, which resides at the same location as the Grokster log-in server.
	www.fuckedcompany.com /extras/riaa_memo.cfm (1954 words)

	FastTrack (protocol) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The supernode functionality is built into the client; if a powerful computer with a fast network connection runs the client software, it will automatically become a supernode, effectively acting as a temporary indexing server for other, slower clients.
		The client attempts to contact these, and as soon as it finds a working supernode, it requests a list of currently active supernodes, to be used for future connection attempts.
		The supernode communicates with other supernodes in order to satisfy search requests.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/FastTrack (592 words)

	An Experimental Study of the Skype Peer-to-Peer VoIP System
		The population of supernodes in the system tends to be relatively stable; thus node churn, a significant concern in other systems, seems less problematic in Skype.
		Typically, supernodes maintain an overlay network among themselves, while ordinary nodes pick one (or a small number of) supernodes to associate with; supernodes also function as ordinary nodes and are elected from amongst them based on some criteria.
		Consequently, it appears that Skype supernodes are chosen from nodes that have plenty of spare bandwidth, and are publicly reachable.
	saikat.guha.cc /pub/iptps06-skype (4404 words)

	My-K-Lite.com - Official Home of K-Lite v2.7 - The Kazaa Addon
		If you can only find a few sources on a given supernode and they are slow, you will have a slow download that is indirectly caused by the supernode you are connected to.
		Number of supernodes that are checked at a time (‘check status’ function) — In the provided box, enter the number of supernodes that you want to be checked at once when you check the status of the supernodes in a supernode list.
		Number of supernodes that are localized at a time - In the provided box, enter the number of supernodes that you want to be localized at once when you localize one of the supernodes in the New Supernode box.
	www.my-k-lite.com /index.php?page=KaZuperNodes (1853 words)

	INSIDE BUSINESS - The Hampton Roads Business Journal
		The RISE SuperNode is a private, high-powered optical broadband network owned by the Enterprise and Empowerment Foundation (E2F) of Norfolk State University.
		Officials bill the SuperNode, which went live Oct. 15, 2004, as the portal to the future of NSU and as the attraction that will draw tenants to the ambitious RISE campus, a proposed 25-acre research park that will bring NSU and private research firms together.
		In creating the E2F, she envisioned the RISE campus powered by the SuperNode as a way to change the face of NSU and put it on the map as a top research institute.
	www.insidebiz.com /output.cfm?ID=4006143 (1029 words)

	Freedom to Tinker » Blog Archive » Industry to Sue Supernode Operators?
		Supernodes are a feature of some P2P networks, such as the FastTrack network used by Kazaa and Grokster.
		The real question is, if supernode operators potentially carry some extra contributory or vicarious liability, it’s horrible that the software companies are putting their users into this situation without giving them adequate notice.
		By turning users into supernodes, these companies are increasing the value and therefore the sales of their products, while hiding behind the innocent supernode operators who are forced to take the legal heat.
	www.freedom-to-tinker.com /archives/000580.html (874 words)

	Rate limiting when acting as a supernode - Skype Forums
		A supernode has the possibility to carry the voice conversation traffic (hence one of the key reasons that Skype is encrypted to prevent supernode eavesdropping) for multiple users(?) as a proxy, which means a fair amount of potential bandwidth usage.
		basically, the job of a supernode is to be connected to a large number of "normal" nodes and to serve as a contact point for them.
		[quote=jaan]basically, the job of a supernode is to be connected to a large number of "normal" nodes and to serve as a contact point for them.
	forum.skype.com /index.php?showtopic=13780 (1970 words)

	supernode (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The number of the supernode is the lowest number in
		The characteristics of the old nodes and edges are preserved.
		The demand of the new node, if it exists, is the sum of the demands of the shrunken nodes.
	scilabsoft.inria.fr /product/man-eng/metanet/supernode.htm (80 words)

	FREJON: KaZaA P2P FastTrack Internals - File Formats
		TCP or UDP supernode service port of FastTrack SuperNode to which the peer file Source is connected.
		A (former) supernode may respond to a network connection request of a client with the advise to try to TCP-connect to another supernode ("redirect" the client connection request).
		Their FastTrack network "connection point" is a nearest supernode, most recently registered by the network, having the lowest workload percentage.
	members.home.nl /frejon/55/ft/KazaaFileFormats.html (2749 words)

	SecurityTracker.com Archives - FastTrack P2P (KaZaA) Buffer Overflow May Let Remote Users Execute Arbitrary Code on a ...
		Each supernode typically has 100-300 clients connected at a given time, but it's possible to have up to 1000 clients per supernode, but Kazaa internally limits this to 600.
		The supernodes' packet 0' death handler (possibly class "supernode_connection_t") is different from the other packet 0' death handlers, and it also contains the buffer overflow bug.
		The supernode packet 0' death handler assumes only 200 supernode entries can be received, but if you send more you can overwrite the return address and more of the stack.
	www.securitytracker.com /alerts/2003/May/1006846.html (1291 words)

	Supernodes
		Any computer using Kazaa can become a Supernode if they have a modern computer and are accessing the Internet with a broadband connection.
		If your computer is functioning as a Supernode, other Kazaa users in your neighborhood will automatically upload to your machine a small list of files they are sharing, whenever possible, using the same Internet Service Provider.
		This means that at some point the Kazaa assigned you as a Supernode.
	www.kazaa.com /us/help/faq/supernodes.htm (294 words)

	SecurityFocus
		client must connect to a supernode to be able to
		To become a supernode you must have a
		supernodes, and then sent a command to the other
	www.securityfocus.com /archive/1/322840 (596 words)

	SANS Institute - Malware FAQ: KaZaA Media Desktop Virus: W32/kwbot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		If the Supernode does not have a sufficient index of files with that string it will ask another Supernode and that Supernode will possibly pass that request on to another.
		The second packet is the Supernode acknowledging the request and sending any information he might have in his index in a "push" packet.
		The Supernode checks his index and returns a list of KaZaA users that are sharing files with the word "working", or it will send the request on to another Supernode to see if he has any entries that match the search request.
	www.sans.org /resources/malwarefaq/kmd-virus.php (8521 words)

	Quick Start Guide - Setting Up a Supernode \| PowerFolder
		There are 2 things that must occur prior to becoming a supernode.
		The first step in setting up a supernode (if you do not have a static ip address) is to point your browser to www.dyndns.com.
		From here it is simply a matter of setting up our folder to be shared, and we are effectively a supernode.
	www.powerfolder.com /?q=node/guide_supernode (499 words)

	Index
		Returns the upper bound of the address range for which the receiving SuperNode is now responsible for.
		Returns the lower bound of the address range for which the receiving SuperNode is now responsible for.
		IndexTable is the class which represents and manages the index table of a SuperNode that stores information for the clients which the SuperNode manages.
	cs-people.bu.edu /djlevin/Docs/index-all.html (1026 words)

	Voidstar - Skype Supernode problems
		There's a discussion going on here about issues with using Skype when yours is the sole computer behind a cheap firewall/router on broadband.
		In which case, first they are very likely to become a supernode, and secondly, even the small bandwidth taken is eating into their cap.
		The problem is that if they do that their whole switching mechanism and NAT busting approach fails if not enough people are supernodes.
	www.voidstar.com /node.php?id=2442 (1472 words)

	Slyck News - Kazaa Creator Admits to FastTrack 'Supernode Server'
		Kazaa Media desktop contacted this server if their were problems with a list of supernodes that came with the application.
		He told me FastTrack has a "supernode server to fetch seed IP addresses when not available locally" but the supernode server is only used by "Older versions of Kazaa Media Desktop".
		The US court that is currently debating the FastTrack case is involved in litigation in Estonia against those connected with BlueMoon (the software company that has coded much of FastTrack) to try and get Bluemoon to revealed the FastTrack code.
	www.slyck.com /news.php?story=110 (292 words)

	Being a supernode overwhelms my router - Skype Forums
		So why should telling Skype not to use Port 80, prevent it from being a supernode and limit, reduce or get rid of the mass of incoming connections on 11850 (or whatever the random port is).
		The Skype system for busting through NAT depends on a moderate population of Supernodes, so that everyone who is behind NAT can find one or more supernodes at any one time.
		The problem for the user is that one of the most likely sources of supernodes is the non-technical home user with a single PC attached directly to an ADSL or cable modem.
	forum.skype.com /viewtopic.php?p=145124 (2052 words)

	Supernodes
		Any computer using Kazaa Media Desktop can become a Supernode if they have a modern computer and are accessing the Internet with a broadband connection.
		If your computer is functioning as a Supernode, other Kazaa Media Desktop users in your neighborhood will automatically upload to your machine a small list of files they are sharing, whenever possible, using the same Internet Service Provider.
		This means that at some point the Kazaa Media Desktop assigned you as a Supernode.
	www.kazaa.com /kr/help/faq/supernodes.htm (300 words)

	Supernode Issues - FileSharing Talk
		the problem isn't in the supernodes we connect to, the problem is the supernodes that they connect to.
		i run an open source client (kceasy) in debug mode and today i was connected to a klite243 (v2.0.2 base) supernode (i could tell because it identified it's network name as k-lite.tk instead of the standard KaZaA) and the usernumbers it send me were in the 2 million amount.
		later when i was connected to another supernode the usernumbers it sent me went from the 60,000-90,000 range for a about a ½ hour, then it jumped to the 2.5 million range for a while, then it went back to the 60,000-90,000 range all without changing supernodes
	filesharingtalk.com /vb3/showthread.php?t=79949 (751 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Supernodes are responsible for indexing users' shares and for performing search queries on them; possibly for other tasks such as statistics too.
		Instead, user nodes connect to a supernode, and supernodes forward traffic between themselves as required.
		Little is currently known about supernode-supernode communication, thus we will be concerned only with user nodes connecting to a supernode.
	gnunet.org /papers/FAST-TRACK-PROTOCOL (829 words)

	Paul Kedrosky's Infectious Greed: Fear of a Skype Planet
		I certainly got me researching Skype trojans, supernode takeovers, maps of SuperNodes, and reading about others with fears of a Skype planet and their ideas for blocking this fast-morphing, port-randomized, encrypted, virus-like app.
		In supernode mode, Skype is reputedly able to saturate 100Mbit/s connections.
		One simple way to avoid becoming a supernode is to place it behind a symmetric NAT.
	paul.kedrosky.com /archives/002372.html (673 words)

	On Time Optimal Supernode Shape (ResearchIndex)
		Abstract: this paper discusses the selection of an optimal supernode shape of a supernode transformation (also known as tiling).
		We assume that the communication cost is dominated by the startup penalty and therefore, can be approximated by a constant.
		We identify three parameters of a supernode transformation: supernode size, relative side lengths, and cutting hyperplane directions.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /381093.html (563 words)

	KaZuperNodes Quick Manual
		This is a quick manual for your first Supernode jump with KaZuperNodes.
		The Supernode you have chosen will appear now in the 'IP:Port' field.
		The status indicator in the lower right corner changes its colour to green if you are connected to the Supernode which you have chosen.
	free.pages.at /ftfakes/kzn140/quickmanual.html (152 words)

	[CAnet - news] Assessing Skype's network impact
		The big fear is that the PC - ostensibly an enterprise node with private company files and communications stored on it - could become a Skype SuperNode.
		A Skype SuperNode is a commandeered PC that plays a kind of proxy role in Skype call setup.
		Conventional wisdom is that a SuperNode takeover occurs only on nodes that maintain a long-term presence with the same public IP address.
	lists.canarie.ca /pipermail/news/2005/000178.html (837 words)

	Skype Journal: supernode Archives
		Coobol, the new p2p R&D firm, mapped Skype supernodes earlier this week.
		Powered by these unknown supernodes or users across the world, Skype is able to provide the super world telephony communication system for free.
		How many supernodes would an attacker have to disable to cause the remaining supernodes to overload?
	www.skypejournal.com /blog/archives/supernode (1097 words)

	Supernode Binary Search Trees (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Abstract: this paper, we propose supernode versions of unbalanced binary search trees as well as of red- fl, AVL, and splay trees.
		We refer to these supernode varieties as BST(m), AVL(m), RB(m), and Splay(m).
		In a supernode BST (BST(m), m > 1) each node may have up to m elements.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /566256.html (308 words)

	FastTrack P2P Supernode Packet Handler Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
		FastTrack P2P Supernode Packet Handler has been reported prone to a buffer overflow vulnerability.
		The issue presents itself in the FastTrack Supernode packet handler.
		The handler does not perform sufficient bounds checking on supernode entries received before they are copied into a reserved buffer in internal memory.
	securityresponse.symantec.com /avcenter/security/Content/7680.html (463 words)

	Supernode Question - FileSharing Talk
		Ideal would be not being a supernode yourself but being very close to a group
		Chances are, if you are a broadband user, you are probably a supernode.
		Sig works fine AmarjitSingh, and i think it might help people find your files faster because as your a supernode, you help them search, so they might find your files...
	filesharingtalk.com /vb3/showthread.php?t=3702 (408 words)

	[Full-Disclosure] The PACKET 0' DEATH FastTrack network vulnerability
		I'd worry more about them than script kiddies (although they are pretty close to the same thing).
		> >The FT network is a decentralized network, and each >client must connect to a supernode to be able to >search for files.
		Kazaa v2.0.2 >considers these IP ranges to be private and ignores >all packet entries with private IPs: > >* 127.b.c.d >* 10.b.c.d >* 0.b.c.d >* 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 >* 192.168.c.d >* 255.255.255.255 > >Also, the supernode port cannot equal 0000h.
	lists.grok.org.uk /pipermail/full-disclosure/2003-May/005192.html (1042 words)

	HNS - FastTrack Network Vulnerability
		There exists a vulnerability in the FastTrack network core that can be used by an attacker to take control of all FastTrack network supernodes.
		Packet 0 (possibly called "KAZAA_CONNECTION_INFO", but from here on called "Packet 0' death", note the zero) is used to send up to 200 supernode IPs to clients and supernodes.
		I used a modified K++ to make two of my computers supernodes, and then sent a command to the other supernode to crash it.
	www.net-security.org /vuln.php?id=2706 (1100 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)