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Topic: Supplementary Vote

Related Topics

Sri Lankan Supplementary Vote

Single transferable vote

Bucklin voting

Multi member plurality system

Alternative Vote

Approval voting

Maximum Majority Voting

Maximize Affirmed Majorities

Runoff voting

Cardinal Ratings

First past the post

Additional Member System

Condorcet method

Borda count

First past the post electoral system

	The Supplementary Vote - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Supplementary Vote is currently used in all elections for directly elected mayors in England, including the Mayor of London.
		Under the Supplementary Vote restricting a voter to two preferences means that it might not be possible to transfer her vote to any candidate in the final round–if this occurs her vote is said to be 'exhausted'.
		The Supplementary Vote is said to encourage candidates to seek support beyond their core base of supporters in order to secure the second preferences of the supporters of other candidates, and so to create a more conciliatory campaigning style among candidates with similar policy platforms.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Supplementary_vote (1429 words)

	Contingent vote - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The contingent vote is similar to instant-runoff voting (also known as the 'Alternative Vote') but differs from it in that IRV allows for many rounds of counting, whereas under the contingent vote there are never more than two.
		Supplementary vote: The supplementary vote is a variant of the contingent vote in which voters cannot rank all of the candidates, but rather are only permitted to express a first and a second preference.
		This is because the the contingent vote's system of transferring votes means that even if a voter's first choice is unlikely to be elected, her vote may still have a chance to be transferred to one of her subsequent preferences.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Contingent_vote (2054 words)

	Effects of different voting systems under similar circumstances - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Basically, each voter is allowed to vote for one candidate, and the winner of the election is whichever candidate represents a plurality of voters by receiving the largest number of votes.
		Approval voting passes the monotonicity criterion, in that voting for a candidate never lowers that candidate's chance of winning.
		Range voting (also called ratings summation, or average voting, or cardinal ratings, or 0-99 voting, or the score system or point system) is a voting system used for single-seat elections in which votes are graded.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Effects_of_different_voting_systems_under_similar_circumstances (3147 words)

	Supplementary Vote: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The Supplementary Vote (SV) is a voting system[Follow this hyperlink for a summary of this subject] used for the election of a single candidate.
		When the single transferable vote voting system is applied to a single-winner election it is sometimes called instant-runoff voting (irv), as it is much like holding...
		A system that may be considered a variant of the Supplementary Vote has been used to elect the President of Sri Lanka[Follow this hyperlink for a summary of this subject] since 1982.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/su/supplementary_vote.htm (1609 words)

	Farrell, Chapter 3
		To vote, the elector chooses the appropriate ballot paper of the party he or she supports, places it in the envelope provided, and drops it into the ballot box.
		Because the voting takes place on one day, there is no possibility for the parties to adopt manipulative strategies to try and maximize their gains; there is no second round of voting a fortnight later.
		According to the Plant Report, the supplementary vote electoral system enjoys all the advantages of the alternative vote system - in particular that it is constituency-based and has a strong likelihood of producing majority governments.
	janda.org /c24/Readings/Farrell/Farrell3.htm (4904 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		A voting system may select only one option (usually a candidate, but also an option that represents a decision), in which case it is called a "single winner system", or it may select multiple options, for example candidates to fill an assembly or alternative possible decisions on the measure the ballot posed.
		The basic idea is as follows: If your first choice does not have enough votes to win, he or she is eliminated, and your vote is transferred to your next choice, and possibly to subsequent choices in turn.
		If your first choice has more votes than he or she needs to win, then some fraction of your vote is transfered to your next choice, and possibly to subsequent choices in turn.
	www.tvg3.com /id31_m.htm (1071 words)

	Votelaw: Voting on "Big Thursday" in London (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		We each have one vote, but we are not being asked to elect a local representative to the parliament in Brussels and Strasbourg: at least not directly, and not very local.
		Mayor of London: two votes The election of the Mayor will be by the "supplementary vote" system, under which we are asked to indicate our first and second choice of candidate, although you don't have to use your second vote.
		The second choice votes from all of the eliminated candidates are then added up and distributed and the candidate from the remaining two with the biggest combined total of first and second choice votes is elected.
	www.votelaw.com /blog/archives/001907.html (402 words)

	Center for Voting and Democracy
		Mayors in seven British cities were elected on May 2 using the supplementary vote, a modified form of instant runoff voting.
		The supplementary vote was also used to elect the mayor of London in May 2000 and will be used in other cities in the United Kingdom that choose to elect their mayor directly.
		Still, the decision to elect British mayors through the supplementary vote elections is further evidence of the decline in support for plurality voting, as used in most American elections.
	www.fairvote.org /irv/ukmayors.htm (1027 words)

	Democracy Needs Good Design
		In the debate surrounding new voting technologies acquired by many individual states and counties across the United States during 2003-04, most commentators have missed the real reason why the country teetered on the edge of a voting meltdown in the presidential election of 2000: bad design resulting in poor usability.
		The whole process – from voting forms, websites, signage, election information to instructions on how to participate – needs to be considered; and other players in the voting “ecosystem”, such as electoral officials, also need to be included in the design approach.
		True, innovations like electronic voting kiosks may bring benefits, such as enabling disabled users to cast their votes independently for the first time, or preventing overvoting (casting more votes than allowed); but there is no guarantee that such benefits will be designed at all.
	www.louiseferguson.com /articles/democracy_needs_good_design.htm (1289 words)

	[No title]
		The 1st part describes various voting systems, the 2nd part describes some concepts to do with voting systems, and the 3rd part describes which system is in use in various countries.
		Tactical voting is possible in the system, such as not voting for a candidate you approved of, to stop him from beating a candidate you approved of even more.
		In general elections, each voter has two separate votes: a primary vote ("Erststimme") with is a vote for a specific candidate in a constituency FPTP election, and a secondary vote ("Zweitstimme") which is a vote for a party list.
	pl.atyp.us /misc/votefaq.txt (3471 words)

	Recall — ACE: Focus On... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		In some places, the votes are combined, meaning that voters have to vote on two issues: firstly, whether or not the officer in question, and secondly, who should replace the officer if the recall is successful.
		However, if the recall vote passes, the candidate who achieves the most support on the second vote is elected as a successor to the recalled officer.
		One argument against combining the votes is that the combination might confuse voters about the process, and that it prevents voters from focusing solely on the recall issue.
	focus.at.org /direct-democracy/recall (1222 words)

	The Supplementary Vote - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Imagine that the population of Tennessee, a state in the United States, is voting on where its capital should be.
		Because under SV it is paradoxically possible to harm the chances of a candidate by ranking them higher, or equivalently to aid the chances of a candidate by ranking them lower, the system is said to fail the monotonicity criterion.
		The British Electoral Reform Society criticised Supplementary Vote following the Mayoral election in Torbay in October 2005 claiming 43.5% of second preference votes were ignored as not being given to either of the top two placed candidates[1], disadvantaging supporters of non-party candidates.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Supplementary_Vote (1021 words)

	London Mayor 2000
		The supplementary vote is a modified form of instant runoff voting.
		The media was generally unclear about which second choice votes were counted, often implying or stating that all second choice votes are counted (including those on ballots whose first choice made the runoff, which is inaccurate).
		Even the total second choice votes for the top two candidates were misleading because they included second choice votes of people who listed the other top candidate as a first choice, so they overstated the number of second choice votes for Livingstone and Norris that actually counted.
	www.fairvote.org /irv/london_mayor_2000.htm (979 words)

	Press: 2000-22
		The purpose of a Vote on Account is to provide funds for existing services to continue during the period from the start of the new financial year on 1 April until Parliament has approved the 2000-01 Main Estimates, which will be given legislative force in the Appropriation Act (usually passed in late July).
		The amount sought in a Vote on Account is generally based on a standard proportion (45 per cent) of the amount voted so far for the corresponding services in the current financial year.
		The purpose of the Supplementary Vote on Account on this occasion is to draw Parliament's attention to the intention to use Vote on Account provision for the new service of the Crown Prosecution Service Inspectorate to be carried on the HM Procurator General and Treasury Solicitor Vote.
	hm-treasury.gov.uk /newsroom_and_speeches/press/2000/press_22_00.cfm (195 words)

	UK: Electoral System Experimentation in Cradle of FPTP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The Second Reform Act of 1867 introduced the Limited Vote (in which electors had one fewer vote than the number of seats to be filled) for the election of 43 members of the Commons, chosen from 13 three-member districts and one four-member seat, see Limited Vote.
		In that year a proposal to introduce the Alternative Vote (AV) for two-thirds of the parliamentary seats, and the Single Transferable Vote (STV) for the remaining one-third of seats, was narrowly defeated after a stalemate between the House of Lords and House of Commons.
		In 1992 the newly formed Liberal Democrats won 17.8 percent of the votes and 3.1 percent of the seats, but in 1997, utilising more sophisticated targeting techniques and benefiting from the tide of anti-Conservative feeling, the Lib Dems were able to win 6.5 percent of the seats with 16.7 percent of the popular vote.
	www.aceproject.org /main/english/es/esy_uk.htm (1745 words)

	Electoral Reform Society
		Their votes do not help elect anybody and so are wasted, they could have stayed at home and the result would not have been altered.
		With the supplementary vote, there are two columns on the ballot paper - one for the first choice and one for the second choice.
		The alternative vote retains the same constituencies and so the bond between members and their constituents is not lost.
	www.electoral-reform.org.uk /votingsystems/systems2.htm (1147 words)

	CUNA Press Releases
		An independent third party is required under the proposal to administer the member vote, yet the role is unclear of the credit union's board, supervisory committee or other internal credit union body that would oversee the vote.
		In the absence of such abuses, extraordinary changes of this nature, which remove the election process from the credit union's board and management, are inconsistent with the agency's posture on regulatory relief as well as its general approach to regulation, and should not be adopted.
		However, the supplementary information does not describe the current problems and deficiencies NCUA seeks to address with the disclosure provisions, including the proposed requirement that the agency preapprove additional information provided to members regarding private insurance.
	www.cuna.org /press/press_releases/cuna_092804.html (1358 words)

	LondonElects. How the vote works - Mayor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		A voter does not have to cast a second choice vote, but must cast a first choice or the ballot paper will not be counted.
		If a candidate receives more than half of the valid first choice votes, he or she is elected.
		If no candidate receives half of the first choice votes, all the other candidates except the two with the most first choice votes are eliminated.
	www.londonelects.org.uk /voting/howthevoteworks/mayor-2.html (205 words)

	BBC News \| UK POLITICS \| How London will decide
		Different officials may be elected through a supplementary vote system, proportional representation or by first past the post.
		This means that the candidate who topped the poll of first preference votes could be defeated by the person who was the most popular second choice.
		Because of the complexity of the voting system it would take three days to get a result if the ballot papers were counted manually.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/uk_politics/534924.stm (394 words)

	S/R 23: "Red Ken" and the Greens in London (Hawkins)
		With the preference voting system, it was hard for New Labour to paint Livingstone as a spoiler, especially when he urged his supporters to give Labour's Dobson their second preference.
		If not, the two candidates with the highest number of first place votes stay in the race, all the others are eliminated, the eliminated candidates' ballots are distributed according to their second choices, and the remaining candidate with the most votes, whether first or second preference, is elected.
		With the limited supplementary vote instead of full preference voting, where ranking one's first choice first could not help one's worst enemy, Johnson was discarded for the lesser evil, Livingstone, in the minds of many left and Green voters.
	www.greens.org /s-r/23/23-04.html (2422 words)

	Finance Manual: Section E4 - Supplementary Estimates and Excess Vote Arrangements
		It should be noted that Supplementary Estimates and excess votes may arise from both unexpected increases in expenditure and shortfalls in income to be appropriated in aid.
		In the event of a possible excess vote, action should be taken to reduce or delay expenditure, although the NAO should not seek to avoid recognising expenditure which has been properly incurred nor avoid making payments which are properly due.
		If it is too late for a Supplementary Estimate the CandAG would need to be fully appraised of any strategy designed to ensure that unexpected resource requirements were managed so as to avoid an excess vote.
	www.nao.org.uk /manuals/finmanual/e4.htm (745 words)

	City Mayors: Ken Livingstone - Mayor of London
		Although the policy on creating elected mayors outside of London was to come several years later, Labour entered government in 1997 with a clear commitment to restore elected city-wide government to Greater London via a new form of civic leadership, with a directly-elected Mayor of London and a constituent Assembly to scrutinise him or her.
		The government argued that the Supplementary Vote system of first and second preferences was the most appropriate as it was the easiest to count, while ensuring that any Mayor receives at least 50 per cent support, but it is not necessarily proportional when compared to the more commonly-used Alternative Vote (which allows exhaustive preferential voting).
		Using the votes cast by a handful of union barons, former Health Secretary Frank Dobson, who was pressured by Tony Blair to stand down from the Cabinet and run for the post, managed to secure the Labour candidacy by the narrowest of margins of Livingstone, with Glenda Jackson coming third in the poll.
	citymayors.com /mayors/london_mayor.html (3464 words)

	ePolitix.com - Londoners vote for mayor and assembly (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		One vote for an independent candidate or a party to put forward London-wide members of the assembly, allocated on a proportional regional list system.
		The second preference votes of those who voted for the eliminated candidates are added up and distributed.
		And the second London-wide vote is allocated to independent candidates or parties on a pro-rata basis to parties or candidates that gain more than five per cent of the total votes cast.
	www.epolitix.com /EN/News/200406/4ded78fc-f57b-4f57-9d43-15b82b4df51b.htm (698 words)

	The Report of the Independent Commission on the Voting System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The Supplementary Vote is similar in method and purpose to the Alternative Vote, the key difference being that, under SV, voters are limited to indicating a first and second preference.
		As with the Alternative Vote the main objective of the Second Ballot system is to increase the chances of a candidate being elected on an absolute majority of the vote.
		The surplus votes of candidates elected on the first count and the votes of those with fewest votes after subsequent counts are distributed on the basis of preferences to the remaining candidates until sufficient candidates reach the quota and are, as a result, elected.
	www.archive.official-documents.co.uk /document/cm40/4090/glossary.htm (584 words)

	The world's top supplementary vote websites
		Under the Supplementary Vote, unlike under Instant Run-off Voting, a voter will have very limited influence over the final result of an election unless they express either a first or a second preference for one of the two leading candidates.
		Like Instant Run-off Voting the Supplementary Vote is said to encourage candidates to seek support beyond their core base of supporters in order to secure the second preferences of the supporters of other candidates.
		SV is also likely to improve the chances of 'third party' candidates by encouraging voters who wish to do so to vote sincerely for such candidates where under systems such as the Simple Plurality ('First-Past-the-Post') system they would be discouraged from doing so for tactical reasons.
	www.websbiggest.com /dir-wiki.cfm?cat=supplementary_vote&tab=discuss (844 words)

	Speech: Supplementary Estimates - December 1. 2004
		Before addressing our Supplementary Estimates, I would like to thank the Committee for considering and recommending to the House the approval of $4.7M for implementation of the Privacy Act outlined in our Main Estimates under Vote 45.
		The 2004-2005 Supplementary Estimates (Vote 45A) reflect a budget of $6.7M ($6M +.7M EBP) for work to be carried out under the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA).
		This funding sunsetted last year, was renewed for one year and is tabled with Parliament in Supplementary Estimates A. The 2004-2005 Supplementary Estimates also reflect an operating budget carry forward of 5% of our Office's 2003-2004 Main Estimates.
	www.privcom.gc.ca /speech/2004/sp-d_041201_e.asp (665 words)

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