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	Suppression of the Jesuits - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Suppression of the Jesuits in Portugal, France, the Two Sicilies, Parma and the Spanish Empire by 1767 was a result of a series of political moves rather than a theological controversy.
		The scholarly Jesuit Society of Bollandists moved from Antwerp to Brussels, where they continued their work in the monastery of the Coudenberg; in 1788, the Bollandist Society itself was suppressed by the Austrian government of the Low Countries.
		The Suppression in Spain and in the Spanish colonies, and in its dependency, the Kingdom of Naples, was carried through in secrecy, and the ministers of Charles III kept their deliberations to themselves, as did the king who acted upon "urgent, just, and necessary reasons, which I reserve in my royal mind;".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Suppression_of_the_Jesuits (1773 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pre-1773 History of the Jesuits
		The first Jesuits, although almost all Spaniards, were trained and made their first vows in France, and the fortunes of the Society in France have always been of exceptional importance for the body at large.
		Unsatisfied with this, the university retaliated by preventing the Jesuit scholars from obtaining degrees and later (1573-6), a feud was maintained against Father Maldonado (q.v.) which was eventually closed by the intervention of Gregory XIII who had also in 1572 raised the college of Pont-a-Mousson to the dignity of a university.
		Jesuit congregations of the Blessed Virgin were first instituted at Rome by a Belgian Jesuit, John Leunis, in 1563.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/14086a.htm (10179 words)

	The Suppression of the Jesuits (1750-1773)
		The Suppression in France was occasioned by the injuries inflicted by the English navy on French commerce in 1755.
		The attack on the Jesuits, as such, was opened by the Janseistic Abbé Chauvelin, 17 April, 1762, who denounced the Constitution of the Jesuits as the cause of the alleged defalcations of the order.
		The Suppression in Spain, and its quasi-dependencies, Naples and Parma, and in the Spanish colonies was carried through by autocratic kings and ministers.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/j/jesuits,suppression_of.html (3052 words)

	Rationalism and its Effects: The Suppression of the Society of Jesus @ ELCore.Net
		The Jesuits controlled to a great extent Catholic education both lay and clerical, and it was hoped that by installing teachers devoted to state supremacy and Enlightenment in their place the future of absolutism and of rationalism might be assured.
		to agree to the suppression of the Jesuits.
		The suppression of the Society was hailed as a veritable triumph by the forces of irreligion and rationalism.
	catholicity.elcore.net /MacCaffrey/HCCRFR1_Chapter08d.html (2911 words)

	Rise and ostensible fall of the Jesuits in Europe; battle against Protestants, Church of England; misions to the East, ...
		Throughout the reign of Elizabeth I the Jesuits were involved in plots to try to kill her and to re-impose Romanism on Britain by means of rebellions or foreign invasion, such as the Spanish Armada of 1588.
		However, the Jesuits left behind them a legacy of Romanist minorities in Indo-China, which were used by the papacy in Vietnam during the 1950's and '60's to attempt the forcible conversion of the population to Romanism.
		The Jesuits eventually gained special status and were granted their own territory in the 17th century; this was more extensive than the present borders of the state of Paraguay.
	zionsake.tripod.com /Babylon-Rome-Mysteries/12-Jesuit-rise-fall.html (1959 words)

	The Society of Jesus
		The history of the Jesuit order can be broken down into 3 periods: 1) the time from its founding to its suppression by the Pope in 1773; 2) the period of suppression, 1773-1814; 3) and the restoration and its aftermath, 1814-present.
		Elsewhere in Europe, however, the Jesuits were expelled from the universities, their lands were taken from them, and they were banned from operating as a religious order.
		The suppression was just as thorough elsewhere in the world, where the Pope's declaration was not needed to suppress the Jesuits.
	www.angelfire.com /fl2/csf/jesuits.html (1299 words)

	The Jesuits
		The name Jesuit was originally a term of derision applied to the group by its critics, but in time it was recognized by all parties.
		The Jesuits lived with the tribes in their villages and were willing to probe deep into the interior; some traveled as far as present-day Oregon.
		Jesuit protests achieved their aim in 1662, when the French government outlawed the use of alcohol in the North American fur trade.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h1145.html (879 words)

	Pope Clement XIV
		The fate of the Jesuits hung in the balance; and the Bourbon princes were determined to have a pope subservient to their hostile designs.
		But whatever the guilt or innocence of the Jesuits, and whether their suppression were ill-advised or not, there appears to be no ground for impeaching the motives of Clement, or of doubting that he had the approval of his conscience.
		The suppression of the Jesuits bulks so large in the pontificate of Clement that he has scarcely been given due credit for his praiseworthy attempt to reduce the burdens of taxation and to reform the financial administration, nor for his liberal encouragement of art and learning, of which the museum Pio-Clementino is a lasting monument.
	www.nndb.com /people/220/000094935 (704 words)

	Companions of Jesuits
		Jesuits were called the schoolmasters of Europe during these centuries, not only because of their schools but also for their pre-eminence as scholars and for the thousands of textbooks they composed.
		Jesuits were responsible for the initiatives which brought about today's Jesuit schools throughout the world as well as for the many schools which had existed in the past - such as the Jesuit schools which flourished in Europe during the seventeenth century.
		Although many of the Jesuits had died by then, the memory of their educational enterprise had not, and the new Society was flooded with requests to take over colleges: in France alone, for instance, 86 schools were offered to the Jesuits; of course they could accept only a few.
	www.faculty.fairfield.edu /jmac/sj/cj/cj1se.html (6757 words)

	Issue
		The Jesuits were angry with the Pope, and the Pope was angry at France for forcing his hand.
		The forced suppression of the Jesuits in 1773 had a profound impact upon the Roman Church.
		The Jesuits and the Vatican benefited by punishing the French King for his role in forcing the suppression of the Jesuits.
	www.gods-kingdom.org /FFI/2003/December.htm (2652 words)

	Jesuits in Austria
		A few years before the suppression the church was redone in baroque style and a fresco of three archangels was painted on the front of the church at the top.
		In 1773, after the Suppression of the Jesuits, the Church of St. Barbara in Vienna, Austria was given to the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church by Empress Maria Theresa.
		It was the first residence of Austrian Jesuits after their readmission into Austria and was used as a philosophate for Jesuit scholastics until the Revolution of 1848.
	www.manresa-sj.org /stamps/2_Austria.htm (753 words)

	St. Joseph Pignatelli (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Joseph Pignatelli was a Jesuit at the time of the suppression of the order by Pope Clement XIV, and it was he who helped keep the spirit of the Jesuits alive during the long period of its suppression.
		All the Jesuits of Spain were taken to the port of Tarragona and banished from the country, their number filling thirteen flotillas.
		Appointed Jesuit provincial of Italy, Joseph presided at the restoration of the society in Naples when Jesuits from all over the world came together, and in 1806 Pius VII restored the Gesu and the Roman college to the order.
	www.ewtn.com /library/MARY/JOPIGNET.htm (524 words)

	Jesuit Mathematicians and Jesuit Scientists
		The fact that eighty countries of the world have found that the Jesuit impact on these countries deserves commemorative stamps is an emphatic endorsement of world-wide interest in Jesuits.
		Some Jesuits fall into several categories so are mentioned more than once as long as there were different stamps for the different categories.
		Jesuit Scientists of Siam in 1685 A 1986 French stamp recalls that diplomatic relations were established with Thailand (Siam) in 1685 because the king of Siam wanted the same kind of Jesuit observatory in Siam that the Jesuits were running in Peking.
	www.faculty.fairfield.edu /jmac/sj/sjscient.htm (1116 words)

	THE JESUITS – PART II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Their restoration [i.e., the Jesuits’ reinstatement as an official order by Pope Pius VII in 1814] is indeed a step toward darkness, cruelty, perfidy, despotism, death… I do not like the appearance of the Jesuits.
		Through various means of diplomacy, Jesuits worked their way into offices of State, climbing up to be the counselors of kings, and shaping the policy of nations.
		One of the first things that the Jesuits did after they took control of the Roman Catholic Church in the 1540s was to establish themselves as the “father confessors” to kings (and kings’ mistresses), queens, prime ministers, top military personnel (such as Count Tilly and Wallenstein), and other influential individuals in society.
	www.libertytothecaptives.net /eberhart_the_jesuits_part_II.html (3696 words)

	Welcome to the Chicago Province of the Society of Jesus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		It was there that he became a member of the Sodality of Our Lady and as such, took an active interest for the poor, visiting them in their most miserable places every Sunday afternoon.
		After secondary studies in 1917, he desired to join the Jesuits, but was advised to postpone his plan in order to take care of his mother and younger brother.
		In 1927 he was sent to Barcelona, Spain, for studies in philosophy and theology, but due to the suppression of the Jesuits in Spain in 1931, he had to go to Belgium to complete his four years of theology in Louvain.
	www.jesuits-chi.org /about/news/2005/news_06.23_hurtado.htm (1169 words)

	Jesuits in Italy
		After the Suppression of the Jesuits, it entered into other hands, and in 1787 became one of the foremost military academies in Europe.
		The copy of the Jesuit biweekly publication La Civiltà Cattolica is read by the Vatican Secretary of State before publication, and so it is considered an indication of the mind of the Vatican on issues the Vatican itself has not yet officially addressed.
		The books given up by the Society at the time of the Suppression became the nucleus of the National Library.
	www.manresa-sj.org /stamps/2_Italy.htm (259 words)

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