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Topic: Supranational union

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	European Union - MSN Encarta
		In 1991 the governments of the 12 member states signed the Treaty on European Union (commonly called the Maastricht Treaty), which was then ratified by the national legislatures of all the member countries.
		Supranational organizations, on the other hand, require members to surrender at least a portion of their control over policy areas and can compel compliance with their mandates.
		Formed in 1948, the union grew from the recognition that the economies of the separate states were individually too small to be competitive in the global market.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761579567/European_Union.html (918 words)

	European Union
		The European Union is the world's largest confederation of independent states, established under that name in 1992 by the Treaty on European Union (the Maastricht Treaty).
		For example, in the United Kingdom one poll suggested that around 50% of the population are indifferent to the European Union and 20% voted for parties that wanted to withdraw from the EU in the 2004 EU elections.
		The European Union is a densely populated, culturally diverse union of 27 member states, constantly expanding and developing.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/e/eu/european_union.html (1826 words)

	European Union Flag (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		An economic and political union established in 1993 after the ratification of the Maastricht Treaty by members of the European Community, which forms its core.
		In establishing the European Union, the treaty expanded the political scope of the European Community, especially in the area of foreign and security policy, and provided for the creation of a central European bank and the adoption of a common currency by the end of the 20th century.
		The European Union Flag is the symbol of Europe's unity and identity in a wider sense.
	www.contacteu.com (122 words)

	Dr. Thomas Schmitz [Supranational Union, Summary-3] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		First, the homogeneity needed in a federal state or supranational union is homogeneity within a union (federal homogeneity), not the more stringent homogeneity of populace (national homogeneity [C. Schmitt] or social homogeneity [Heller]) of the kind frequently mentioned as a prerequisite for democracy.
		Thus, for example, states may be accepted into a supranational union even where an otherwise insufficient degree of homogeneity is present provided that the union’s member states can muster the political will and willingness to deal with the concomitant difficulties.
		Being part of the union must be a part of citizens’ identity: they must identify with the union without ceasing to identify with their own nation-state (multiple identification).
	lehrstuhl.jura.uni-goettingen.de /tschmitz/SupranUnion/Summary-3.htm (1758 words)

	Science Fair Projects - Supranational union
		A supranational union, sometimes called also a supranational state, is a group of countries that has:
		International organizations, that started to flourish in the 20th century, are one step as being bodies helping cooperation between states, but they depend mostly on the goodwill of the nation-states that comprise them.
		It is still a singularity, but its organization is studied by other would-be country groups as a basis for their own projects (see SACN for example).
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Supranational_union (591 words)

	european-union.webdict.info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Union currently has a common single market consisting of a customs union, a single currency managed by the European Central Bank (so far adopted by 12 of the 25 member states), a Common Agricultural Policy, a common trade policy, and a Common Fisheries Policy.
		Supporters of the European Union argue that the growth of the EU is a force for peace and democracy.
		The EU is a Union of sovereign States with the deepest connections in the political, economical and executive fields.
	european-union.webdict.info (6161 words)

	About European Union - Travel, Maps, Flag and Information
		The European Union or the EU is an intergovernmental and supranational union of 25 European countries, known as member states.
		The European Union was established under that name in 1992 by the Treaty on European Union (the Maastricht Treaty).
		The culture throughout the European Union differes from country to country.
	www.canadiancontent.net /profiles/European-Union.html (346 words)

	LABOUR EDUCATION 109 (109e3.htm) - Worker's activities
		Trade unions should endeavour to introduce framework agreements between companies and trade unions in economic sectors with a view to facilitating the homogenization of wages and working conditions (for example, in the automobile, energy and transport sectors).
		Therefore the trade union strategy objective in all WSGs of the GMC is to boost trade union participation and tripartism and to proceed in such a way as to make WSG No. 10 the forum for drawing up global legal-labour standards which will furnish Mercosur with a progressive supranational social dimension.
		However, a supranational labour law should also be developed for the purpose of regulating these new regional-level circumstances and of harmonizing respective national labour legislations in the light of new regional circumstances.
	www.ilo.org /public/english/dialogue/actrav/publ/109/109e3.htm (7269 words)

	WINDOWS\DESKTOP\Schumanweb\fed
		The supranational concept and supranational law is the main basis of subsequent EU development.
		The European Union (which does not have a legal personality; only the European Community does) is a mixture of supranational elements that are subject to law and proper democratic review and some intergovernmental elements which do not.
		Supranational law is a law binding democratic states by majority vote of democratic government ministers meeting in Council.
	users.belgacombusiness.net /schuman/fed.htm (1740 words)

	EMU - La Onda's Education Center
		As given in Article 3a, paragraph 2 of the Treaty on European Union (TEU), the EU shall establish a single monetary policy and exchange rate policy that will achieve the goal of price stability and support the general economic policies of the union.
		Since the union members are already handing over their monetary policy control to the ECB it is important that the member states have fiscal policy at their control.
		This means that the effects of a fiscal policy on the EMU are still uncertain, although in a report by Dobson (1986) it is concluded that fiscal policy co - ordination could strengthen the union in international negotiations on the global co - ordination of macroeconomic policy.
	members.tripod.com /laonda99/eco2.htm (1667 words)

	Curriculum vitae
		His proposal involves a "federal union within which members of the separate units co-operate for the achievement of widely recognized and commonly shared objectives, those of internal (intra-European) peace and economic prosperity, within political arrangements that ensure individual liberties and, at the same time, allow for the maximal practicable achievement of standards of justice".
		For the first aim, the foundation of an economic union, an international or intergovernmental contract (from which a member state could withdraw) would be sufficient, whereas for the second aim, the establishment of a supranational union, an irrevocable agreement would be necessary.
		Of course, it cannot be denied that in a multi-state union like the EC the decision costs could be quite high and that they are bound to increase with the growing number of member states.
	www.gmu.edu /jbc/fest/files/watrin.htm (4089 words)

	Eu
		Issues controversial during upcoming budget debates were the British rebate, France's benefits from the Common Agricultural Policy, Germany and the Netherlands' large contributions to the EU budget, and reform of the European Regional Development Fund s.
		As a result of this European Union Law is increasingly present in the systems of the member states.
		The EU economy is expected to grow further over the next decade as more countries join the union - especially considering that the new states are usually poorer than the EU average, and have the capacity to grow at a high rate.
	www.destination-luxury.com /encyclopedia/entry/EU (5486 words)

	European Union - Guide to EU (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The European Commission embodies and upholds the general interest of the Union and is the driving force in the Union's institutional system.
		Its four main roles are to propose legislation to Parliament and the Council, to administer and implement Community policies, to enforce Community law (jointly with the Court of Justice) and to negotiate international agreements, mainly those relating to trade and cooperation.
		The European Union (EU) is a union of twenty-five independent states based on the European Communities and founded to enhance political, economic and social co-operation.
	www.hg.org /eu-govt.html (769 words)

	PINR - The Rise of French Pro-Sovereignty Movements and their Geopolitical Consequences
		A supranational union is refused not because of hostility towards anything European, but because it's perceived as inefficient and counterproductive.
		For right-wing sovereignists, the European Union is the epitome of technocracy and useless bureaucracy which suffocates the "animal spirits" of French capitalism.
		In particular, today's European Union is neither the source of a distinctly European vision of world politics, nor the political tool necessary to project French power in the age of globalization.
	www.pinr.com /report.php?ac=view_printable&report_id=308&language_id=1 (1781 words)

	The Dispatch - Serving the Lexington, NC - News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Because decisions are made by majority votes, it is possible for a member-state to be forced by the other member-states to implement a decision.
		No international organizations operate on the basis of supranationalism in the strict sense; however the European Union and the South American Community of Nations are often called supranational unions, as they incorporate both intergovernmental and supranational elements.
		The United Nations holds a limited degree of supranational power insofar as governing important matters of global security through the binding decisions of the Security Council.
	www.the-dispatch.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Supranationalism (472 words)

	Europe
		The European Union, comprising 25 member states, is the largest political and economic entity covering the European continent, with the Russian Federation being the second (excluding the portions of Russia historically considered to be in Asia).
		In Greek mythology, Europa was a Phoenician princess who was abducted by Zeus in bull form and taken to the island of Crete, where she gave birth to Minos.
		In another usage, Europe is increasingly being used as a short-form for the European Union (EU) and its members, currently consisting of 25 member states and the candidate countries negotiating for membership, and several other countries expected to begin negotiations in the future (see Enlargement of the European Union).
	articles.gourt.com /en/European (3984 words)

	"National Identity and Europe: The Television Revolution" reviewed by Richard Maxwell
		The European Union is the name of this regional economic bloc, but more than that, it is also a command to all the new and potential (and older) members within the club of sovereigns to respect the supranational legitimacy of this place called Europe.
		Hjarvard makes the sobering argument that supranational media space actually opened up in Europe long before there was any talk of "television without frontiers," rejecting the idea that there is some naturalistic evolution from national to international broadcasting, with satellites as the sufficient condition of growth.
		With the dismantlement of the Soviet Union and the establishment of the Commonwealth, the central broadcaster's brief was rewritten.
	www.ejumpcut.org /archive/onlinessays/JC40folder/EuropeanTVreview.html (5613 words)

	European Union - QuickSeek Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		A key activity of the EU is the establishment and administration of a common single market, consisting of a customs union, a single currency (adopted by 12 of the 25 member states), a Common Agricultural Policy, a common trade policy, and a Common Fisheries Policy.
		The most important EU institutions are the Council of the European Union, the European Commission, the European Parliament and the European Court of Justice.
		For example, in the United Kingdom one poll suggested that around 50% of the population are indifferent to the European Union.
	europeanunion.quickseek.com (6437 words)

	European Union information - Search.com
		The European Union has 25 member states, an area of 3,892,685 km² and approximately 460 million inhabitants as of December 2004.
		The European Union's member states combined represent the world's largest economy by GDP, larger than the USA, the People's Republic of China, and Japan, the seventh largest territory in the world by area and the third largest by population.
		The EU economy is expected to grow further over the next decade as more countries join the union — especially considering that the new states are usually poorer than the EU average, and have the capacity to grow at a high rate.
	www.search.com /reference/European_Union (6340 words)

	U.S.-European Union Relations: Economic Change and Political Transition
		In the economic and financial arena, the introduction of the European Monetary Union (EMU) creates the conditions for a truly supranational European identity and, ultimately, a change in the economic balance of forces between the European Union (EU) and the United States.
		With the implementation of the first stage of this economic union last January, the EMU is transforming the world of business, commerce, and finance.
		With economic integration thus expanded, Europe's experiment with a supranational union is moving into a new phase.
	www.ndu.edu /inss/strforum/SF165/forum165.html (2677 words)

	Mott's Blog: THE IMAGINARY PLANS FOR A NORTH AMERICAN UNION: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		What is clearly not understood or deliberately obfuscated by the “North American Union” conspiracy theorists is the difference between sovereign countries meeting and trying to reach consensus on matters of mutual interest as opposed to surrender the right to make these decisions to a supranational authority.
		Lacking the existence of such a supranational authority, the conspiracy folks imply that allegedly undue deference to our neighbors’ viewpoints is the same thing.
		The principal report on North American relations by the CFR that is referred to be the conspiracy theorists is “Building a North American Community: Report of the Independent Task Force on the Future of North America” (2005).
	mottsblog.blogspot.com /2006/10/imaginary-plans-for-north-american.html (8051 words)

	European Union at AllExperts
		Not de jure - Brussels is unofficialy referred to as The Capital of the European Union because it is the hub of EU institutions: it hosts the European Commission, the European Council, and the European Parliament.
		The aim of the EU is create a political and economic alliance of European countries, whilst respecting the diversity of cultures within Europe, although this point is contended by certain sceptics.
		However, other countries are more in favour of European integration — soon after the Netherlands and the French voted "no" on the constitution, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg voted "yes." What the term "European integration" itself means is also the subject of much debate.
	en.allexperts.com /e/e/eu/european_union.htm (6948 words)

	Belarus - print
		Putin rejected the drafting of a constitutional act, calling the Belarusian proposal for such an act "legalistic nonsense." Stating that he was against any "supranational [union] body with unclear functions," Putin said, "Our partners should make up their minds and decide what they want.
		The Russian president, however, said he would be willing to study whether Russia and Belarus could form a union based on the model of the European Union, with specific powers delegated to a supranational parliament.
		In mid-April, Russian domestic energy tariffs were extended to Belarus as part of a union agreement (at a high cost to Russia's Gazprom and energy-sector reform).
	www.law.nyu.edu /eecr/vol11num3/constitutionwatch/belarus_print.html (1748 words)

	Robert Pahre
		He also studies the politics of the European Union and the role of domestic politics in the supranational union.
		He also serves as an associate director in the European Union Center at the University of Illinois.
		International relations, International political economy; politics and culture of the European Union.
	www.pol.uiuc.edu /people/faculty/members/pahre.html (209 words)

	Supranational union Details, Meaning Supranational union Article and Explanation Guide
		Supranational union Details, Meaning Supranational union Article and Explanation Guide
		Supranational union Guide, Meaning, Facts, Information and Description
		The European Union is the project that went further in this direction.
	www.e-paranoids.com /s/su/supranational_union.html (458 words)

	European Union member state and capitals: Strasbourg, Brussels, The Hague, Amsterdam, Geneva, Rome, Bratislava, hotels (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		It is not associated with any political or supranational organizations or interests.
		The Member States of the European Union are currently 25.
		Official portal to the European Union's institutions, policy programs, and news releases.
	european-union.info (168 words)

	Supranational union Did You Mean supranational?
		Its own budget to fund common programmes such as the European Union's programs in agriculture, reSearch with Google and education.
		Article on Supranational union, category, different spelling or sense
		Page Supranational union cached on Thursday 15th of February 2007 08:24:13 PM Compteur gratuit
	www.did-you-mean.com /Supranational_union.html (556 words)

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