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Topic: Supranationalism

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	Supranationalism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Supranationalism is a method of decision-making in international organizations, wherein power is held by independent appointed officials or by representatives elected by the legislatures or people of the member states.
		No international organizations operate on the basis of supranationalism in the strict sense; however the European Union and the South American Community of Nations, often called supranational unions, as they incorporate both intergovernmental and supranational elements.
		Joseph Weiler, in his seminal work "The Dual Character of Supranationalism" states that there are two main facets to European supranationalism, although these seem to be true of many supranational systems.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Supranationalism (479 words)

	Sovereignty or Management? (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		This reconsideration of the dual character of the supranationalism tries to contribute to the academic enterprise that goes ba ck to the fifties and has in every decade generated new theoretical insights about the nature of EC governance.
		My reconsideration of the dual character of supranationalism w ould like to bring together these two different modes in which integration has happened in different historical moments and is currently happening in the development of different areas of EC policy-making.
		The dual character of the EC's supranationalism as revealed by the sovereignty and management paradigms sheds some light onto the classic inquiry of what sort of governance the EC has been and is.
	www.jeanmonnetprogram.org.cob-web.org:8888 /papers/95/9502ind.html (13737 words)

	CHAPTER 3. INSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS OF REGIONAL INTEGRATION
		Supranationalism implies that member states agree to exercise some of their sovereignty jointly.
		Law passed at the regional level in those areas where the region is granted competence prevails over national legislation and is binding directly on member states and citizens of those states (the principle of direct effect).
		Supranationalism can be seen as a stepping stone to a federal political structure or confederation but more recent thinking, based on the EU experience, envisages a more diversified political outcome in which power is shared at various levels and interacts in complex ways.
	www.fao.org /DOCREP/004/Y4793E/y4793e07.htm (2825 words)

	Supranationalism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Supranationalism is a method of decision-making in international organizations, where power is held by independent appointed officials or by representatives elected by the legislatures or people of the member states.
		Few international organisations today operate on the basis of supranationalism; the main exceptions are the European Union and the South American Community of Nations, often called supranational unions, as they incorporate both intergovernmental and supranational elements.
		The consequences of such a system, of the shift from intergovernmentalism to supranationalism, as well as of the shift from liberalizing and removing of...
	www.33beat.com /Supranationalism.html (306 words)

	Return to European Lesson Plans Table of Contents
		Supranationalism is a powerful force at work in the world today.
		As the importance of being a country diminishes because of the creation of supranational organizations, countries are less likely to put up such a fight when parts of their populations demand independence.
		Supranationalism means countries cooperate and help each other by giving up some of their independence to do so.
	www.coe.ilstu.edu /iga/FWflemi.htm (2060 words)

	Workshop7Europe
		The region of Europe, with its large urban population and many cultural mosaics united under the European Union, lends itself to an investigation of the geography of cities and supranationalism.
		Supranationalism, the willingness of several countries to give up some measure of sovereignty for the benefit of all, is a driving force in modern Europe.
		This program looks at supranationalism and at the city of Strasbourg as a locus of power in the European Union.
	www.learner.org /channel/workshops/geography/wkp7intr.html (396 words)

	Japan Focus
		The greatest of them is that an attack designed to demonstrate the preeminent power of the United States has ended up making clear that we now live in an era of supranationalism.
		Despite such an obvious reality, the Bush administration, intent on demonstrating hegemonic power, is unlikely to grapple with supranationalism in its remaining two years in office.
		When contemplating an era of supranationalism, it is well to remember that the nationalism it is replacing is scarcely more than two hundred years old.
	japanfocus.org /products/details/2237 (858 words)

	Supranationalism
		Supranationalism is the phenomenon of subsuming a number a states within a larger whole.
		The UN has some supranational aspects, though they are limited by the UN Charter, which is based on state sovereignty.
		These cases contain a struggle between the contradictory forces of nationalism and supranationalism- between state sovereignty and the higher authority of supranational structures.
	psclasses.ucdavis.edu /POL-ARCH/ire001-2001-03-spr/int/supranat.htm (137 words)

	European Union (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Intergovernmentalism is a method of decision-making in international organisations where power is possessed by the member-states and decisions are made by unanimity.
		Intergovernmentalism has historically been favoured by France, and by more Eurosceptic nations such as Britain and Denmark; while more integrationist nations such as Belgium, Germany, and Italy have tended to prefer the supranational approach.
		This is a debate concering why the process of integration has taken place at all.
	www.gogoglo.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/e/eu/european_union.html (3466 words)

	Is Europe evolving to "supranationalism," that is a United States of Europe, or are nationalistic and ethnic ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Is Europe evolving to "supranationalism," that is a United States of Europe, or are nationalistic and ethnic irredentist designs creating devolution or splitting of existing states?
		However, one must look to the creation of the European Union (EU) and German reunification as the "silver lining" of supranationalism, a force of modern Europe that, at this point in history, seemingly will not be stopped.
		It would seem there are many arguments for supranationalism, with the strongest being that countries participating in multinational
	www.coursework.info /_L45685.html (357 words)

	Deliberative Supranationalism in the EU
		The democratic deficit of the EU, it is often contended, is due to the lack of European political parties, representative accountability and a properly functioning public sphere.
		Veto-power is a main barrier to supranationalism, but on the other hand, it represents a constraint on discourse that induces communicative rationality: When parties can block outcomes, actors have an incentive to convince others by employing 'rational' arguments of what is a right or good decision.
		[11] Several proposals are launched to catch the post-national nature of EU, such as supranationalism (Weiler 1995), deliberative supranationalism (Joerges and Neyer 1997), a mixed polity (Bellamy and Castiglione 1997), an imperfect state (Middlemas 1995), Condomino or Consortio (Schmitter 1996b).
	www.arena.uio.no /publications/wp99_4.htm (11572 words)

	SSRN-The Contradictions of Supranationalism: Administrative Governance and Constitutionalization in European ...
		On the other hand, national mediation ran contrary to the Community's countervailing needs for normative autonomy, uniformity, and supremacy - i.e., the same set of values that the European Court of Justice took it upon itself to promote and protect in its major constitutionalizing decisions over the last forty years.
		The scope of the Community's normative power has undoubtedly increased dramatically since the 1950s, and yet the legitimacy of its supranational institutions has remained stubbornly weak as compared to the constitutional structures of the Member States.
		It is for this reason that the idea of the EU as a system of transnational governance - a view that has gained increasing adherents in recent years - provides a promising conceptual terrain on which to develop a sophisticated understanding of the relationship between national constitutional orders and supranational regulatory processes.
	papers.ssrn.com /sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=511482 (531 words)

	Wikinfo \| European Union (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The legal system imposed by the EU is correctly called EC Law not EU law for this reason.
		Within each pillar, a different balance is struck between the supranational and intergovernmental principles.
		Supranationalism is strongest in the first pillar, while the other two pillars function along more intergovernmental lines.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=EU (2325 words)

	FREEDOM IN JEOPARDY \| THE CASE AGAINST THE EU AND SUPRANATIONALISM (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Supranationalism, given much more popular publicity than the latter, is the concept that the nation state no longer matters, that interdependence is better than independence, and that it is necessary to form regions of countries into centrally-controlled blocs with the probability of merging those blocs later on to form a world government.
		Thus supranationalism is merely the process of political globalism.
		One of the reasons why some support the spirit of "supranationalism" (whether it be globalisation or regionalisation) is because of a Utopian or (what they suppose to be) a religious ideal.
	www.freedom-central.net.cob-web.org:8888 /euandbritain.html (13951 words)

	CCC - European Union as U.S. Competitor?
		Intergovernmentalism in the European Community has evolved into an economic form of supranationalism with the persona change from Community to Union after ratification of the Treaty of Maastricht in 1993.
		The transition to supranationalism and its governance is a result of the integration and interdependence of Europe realized through institution building and the resultant evolution of cooperation.
		After WWII, the United States developed a unipolar hegemony toward Europe through the implementation of a number of US-led initiatives—Bretton Woods, the United Nations, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, the European Recovery Plan, and the founding of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
	www.ccc.nps.navy.mil /research/theses/kellar01.asp (244 words)

	Publisher description for Library of Congress control number 00036899 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Publisher description for The legacy of supranationalism / Paul Close.
		The Legacy of Supranaturalism focuses on the cutting edge of global developments, contributing original ideas to relevant theory in several scholarly areas.
		Supranationalism is the ideological driving force behind the process of European integration, making the European Union the first supranational regional regime.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/description/hol051/00036899.html (95 words)

	SSRN-Democratic Legitimacy and the Administrative Character of Supranationalism: the Example of the European Community ...
		SSRN-Democratic Legitimacy and the Administrative Character of Supranationalism: the Example of the European Community by Peter Lindseth
		Democratic Legitimacy and the Administrative Character of Supranationalism: the Example of the European Community
		This page was served by hermes5 in 0.25 seconds.
	papers.ssrn.com /sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=180254 (379 words)

	Power of Place - 3 Supranationalism and Devolution
		Power of Place - 3 Supranationalism and Devolution
		This video program features two case studies on Europe: Strasbourg: Symbol of a United Europe and Slovakia: New Sovereignty.
		The Annenberg Channel is produced by Annenberg Media
	www.learner.org /powerofplace/page3.html (349 words)

	Two Swords for Hegelian Supranationalism
		And if you're a nationalist, then you're a 'far-right extremist' and by definition you might even be a terrorist.
		Yet being critical of the EU is not about the promulgation of nationalism, but about the avoidance of Hegelian supranationalism.
		Even the word 'nationalism' has different meanings in different countries.
	www.free-europe.org /blog/?itemid=89 (3540 words)

	Chapter 1: Resilient Europe: Confronting New Challenges
		What does it have to do with Europe?
		What is the history of supranationalism in Europe (Look at the blue section on p.
		What factors led to the rise of supranationalism in Europe after World War II?
	www.csuchico.edu /~sb167/geog103europeqs.html (336 words)

	Sovereignty or Management? The Dual Character of the EC's Supranationalism --Revisited
		If you experience problems downloading a file, check if you have the proper application to view it first.
		For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its listing, contact: (Charlie Pike).
		Department of Economics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Connecticut using
	ideas.repec.org /p/erp/jeanmo/p0128.html (180 words)

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