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Topic: Supreme Court of Fiji

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	Judicial branch. The World Factbook. 2003
		Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president); Constitutional Court (half of the judges appointed by the president and half appointed by the Chamber of Representatives)
		Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president on the recommendation of the National Council of the Judiciary for an indefinite period); Constitutional Tribunal (judges are chosen by the Sejm for nine-year terms)
		Supreme Court or Hogsta Domstolen (judges are appointed by the prime minister and the cabinet)
	www.bartleby.com /151/fields/53.html (3711 words)

	Supreme Court of Fiji (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		supreme court supreme court justices supreme court cases supreme court justice state supreme court resort fiji island resort fiji plantation island fiji plantation island resort fiji supreme supreme being kazaa calcium supreme mockingbird supreme
		Supreme Court and the Law in the News This site contains information on how the Court operates as well as links to various outside sources.
		Prominent Judgments of the Supreme Court Several landmark Japanese Supreme Court decisions in English from 1952-1995.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Supreme_Court_of_Fiji.html (534 words)

	Fiji (09/05)
		The Supreme Court reaffirmed the validity of the Constitution and ordered the Chaudhry government returned to power in March 2001, after which the President dissolved the Parliament elected in 2000 and appointed Qarase head of a caretaker government until elections could be held in August.
		Fiji is one of the most developed of the Pacific island economies, although it remains a developing country with a large subsistence agriculture sector.
		The Government of Fiji reported that growth was driven by a recovery in the tourism industry as well as by improved performance in mining, the harvesting and processing of mahogany, and fresh fish exports.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/1834.htm (3629 words)

	High Court (Fiji) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The High Court of Fiji is independent of the legislative and executive branches of the acting government.
		Judicial power of the State is vested in the High Court, the Court of Appeal, and the Supreme Court and in such other courts as are created by law.
		The final appellate court of the State is the Supreme Court.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/High_Court_(Fiji) (139 words)

	International Criminal Court - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The International Criminal Court (ICC) was established in 2002 as a permanent tribunal to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes, as defined by several international agreements, most prominently the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court.
		Note that "International Criminal Court" is sometimes initialized as ICCt to distinguish it from "International Chamber of Commerce." Also, the ICC is separate from the International Court of Justice, which is a body to settle disputes between nations, and the War Crimes Law (Belgium).
		Three parties (countries that have ratified the Court's Rome Statute) have referred situations to the Office [1] of the Prosecutor (OTP) of the ICC: the Republic of Uganda on January 29, 2004; the Democratic Republic of the Congo on April 19, 2004; and the Central African Republic on January 6, 2005.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/International_Criminal_Court (3168 words)

	The Whitlam Institute: Its Time: Issue 12: Celebrating the High Court's Centenary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Similar differences have also been reflected in judgments of the Supreme Court of the United States in the past and more recently, as Justice Scalia has acknowledged, when he claimed that his colleagues were unwilling to do battle with him on his terms.
		The Court, by its bold and innovative interpretation of the conciliation and arbitration power and its acceptance of paper disputes, enabled the Conciliation and Arbitration Court and later the Commission to make awards setting industrial terms and conditions which governed employment in particular industries.
		Strong political criticism of the Courts, the absence of effective means of dealing with it and the Attorney's practice of conducting private interviews with candidates for appointment to judicial office, particularly the High Court, will be matters of continuing interest.
	www.whitlam.org /its_time/12/Court.html (3246 words)

	Encyclopedia: Fiji election of 2001 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Constitution of Fiji was restored by a Supreme Court decision, following the failure of the Fiji coup of 2000.
		In what was one of Fiji's most bitterly fought elections ever, the newly-formed United Fiji Party of the interim Prime Minister Laisenia Qarase narrowly defeated the Fiji Labour Party of deposed former Prime Minister Mahendra Chaudhry.
		On 18 July 2003, the Supreme Court of Fiji ruled that Qarase's exclusion of the Labour Party from the Cabinet was unconstitutional, and demanded that the situation be rectified.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Fiji-election-of-2001 (513 words)

	Fiji
		Fiji is a constitutional republic with an elected President, Prime Minister, and Parliament.
		The principal courts are the magistrate courts, the High Court, the Court of Appeal, and the Supreme Court.
		Eight of nine Supreme Court justices are expatriate judges, who are often used in key cases at lower levels.
	www.state.gov /g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2003/27770.htm (6546 words)

	Fiji PM asks for political dispute to go back to Supreme Court
		SUVA, Sept 17 (AFP) - Fiji Prime Minister Laisenia Qarase Wednesday accused rival Mahendra Chaudhry, deposed as prime minister in a coup in 2000, of creating political uncertainty and asked for the ongoing constitutional crisis to again be addressed by the Supreme Court.
		Fiji's constitution requires the winning party in an election to invite members of rival parties into cabinet in proportion to their standing in general elections.
		Voting in Fiji tends to be on racial lines with SDL drawing its support from the indigenous population who make up around 54 percent of the 840,000 people while FLP gets most of its support from the ethnic Indian population.
	quickstart.clari.net /qs_se/webnews/wed/ax/Qfiji-politics.RKZS_DSH.html (374 words)

	FIJI: Supreme Court hears multi party cabinet case: What next?
		The Fiji Court of Appeals on a reference by the High Court gave specific replies to questions posed by the High Court and it is this matter that is being deliberated by the Supreme Court.
		The government side stuck to their position that the provision of a multi party cabinet under the Constitution is unworkable as their mandate to rule cannot be implemented with the opposition Labour party in the cabinet as they hold two extreme positions.
		All these arguments have been considered and rejected by the High Court and the Supreme Court is only obliged to rule on the point of law and not on facts.
	www.saag.org /papers8/paper725.html (824 words)

	Foreign & Commonwealth Office Country Profiles
		Fiji's flora and fauna are relatively few in number but are of exceptional scientific interest because of the higher proportion of endemic forms.
		Although the Supreme Court affirmed the Constitutional provision and instructed Qarase to offer seats in Cabinet to the FLP, subsequent negotiations did not resolve issues of the number of Cabinet posts to which the FLP was entitled, nor the weight attached to these posts.
		In June 2003, the Supreme Court found that the FLP was entitled to seats in Cabinet in proportion to its representation in Parliament, and obliged the Prime Minister to extend an invitation to the FLP to join the Cabinet.
	www.fco.gov.uk /servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1007029394365&a=KCountryProfile&aid=1018965318864 (2586 words)

	FIJI: No Winners in the Supreme Court Judgement:
		A summary of the opinion of the Supreme Court on the President’s reference of the Multi party Cabinet case is enclosed in the appendix.
		Since the decision of this Court upholding that declaration in 2003, the Prime Minister and the leader of the Fiji Labour Party have disagreed about the numbers of parliamentary members of the Fiji Labour Party that the Prime Minister is obliged to have appointed to the Cabinet.
		The Court is also of the view that it is open to the Prime Minister to appoint to the Cabinet Independent members of the House of Representatives and members of the Senate who are not members of a political party represented in the House of Representatives.
	www.saag.org /papers11/paper1057.html (2539 words)

	The Statesman
		Denial of representation to the FLP in the Qarase Cabinet led the FLP to challenge it in the courts.
		The High Court and the Court of Appeal ruled in favour of the FLP against which the Qarase government appealed to the Supreme Court.
		A five-member Bench of the Supreme Court unanimously upheld the verdict of the lower courts.
	www.thestatesman.net /page.arcview.php?clid=3&id=46304&usrsess=1 (1509 words)

	IN THE COURT APPEAL, FIJI ISLANDS
		By an originating summons issued in the High Court on 25 September 2001, the plaintiff sought orders, which would declare and give effect to the claimed right of the FLP under the Constitution to be represented in the Cabinet.
		The questions before the Court arise in the context of specific correspondence between particular individuals, the leaders of their respective parties; but it would make no difference if their roles were reversed, or if different parties or personalities were involved.
		As the Supreme Court pointed out, the opinion of that Court pronounced in response to a reference by the President is necessarily authoritative as the true interpretation of the law and is binding on the President, the Government, the Parliament, the Courts (including of Course this Court), the Great Council of chief.
	www.asiapac.org.fj /cafepacific/resources/aspac/chaudhryqarase.html (7114 words)

	British Fiji Islands 1874-1970 (Fiji) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Until 1952 the office of Governor of Fiji was combined with that of Western Pacific High Commissioner.
		This, at the time, was similar to the badge of British Columbia [bottom left quarter of this arms] which was the crest of the Royal Arms between the letters B C. : Arms granted on 4th July on a white disc.
		Fiji became part of the British Empire in 1874 not 1784.
	www.flagspot.net /flags/fj_gb.html (286 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Asia-Pacific \| Fiji set for constitutional showdown
		Fiji's Supreme Court is due to sit later on Wednesday to decide on the legality of the nationalist government of Laisenia Qarase.
		The court will rule if Mr Qarase should, as Fiji's constitution insists he must, include members of the Indian-dominated opposition Labour Party in his cabinet.
		Mr Chaudhry was Fiji's first ethnic Indian prime minister.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/low/asia-pacific/2999250.stm (306 words)

	NZOOM - ONE News - World (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Fiji's indigenous government must be reshaped to include ethnic Indian MPs from ousted leader Mahendra Chaudhry's Labour Party, Fiji's Supreme Court has ruled.
		Fiji's 1997 constitution seeks to moderate long-standing racial tensions between indigenous Fijians and ethnic Indians by including power-sharing provisions.
		Qarase last month vowed to stand by the court's ruling but said he did not want a costly election with Fiji's tourism and sugar-based economy still trying to recover from the buffeting it took in the aftermath of the bitter 2000 coup.
	onenews.nzoom.com /onenews_detail/0,1227,206662-1-9,00.html (506 words)

	Fiji Islands Law
		The Supreme Court is made up of the Chief Justice, to be the President of the Supreme Court; such other judges as are appointed as judges of the Supreme Court; and the Justices of Appeal.
		Judges of the Supreme Court, the Justices of Appeal (including the President of the Court of Appeal) and the puisne judges of the High Court are appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Judicial Services Commission.
		The term of appointment of the Chief Justice, a Justice of Appeal (including the President of the Court of Appeal) or a judge of the Supreme Court expires upon his or her reaching the age of 70.
	jurist.law.pitt.edu /world/fiji.htm (502 words)

	Fiji Judicial Assistance
		The letter rogatory must be transmitted by the court in the U.S. from which it originates or by attorneys(s) to this office for transmittal to the U.S. Embassy in Suva.
		Requesting counsel should be aware that when letters rogatory are executed by foreign courts which compel the appearance of a witness to answer written interrogatories, the evidence is taken in accordance with the rules of the foreign court.
		Fiji has never confirmed to the Hague Conference on Private International Law or the Government of the Netherlands whether it considers the Hague Service Convention to apply to Fiji.
	travel.state.gov /law/fiji_legal.html (1551 words)

	The Head Heeb: Power-sharing shenanigans
		The Supreme Court of Fiji, which two years ago delivered the first successful judicial countercoup, may have overthrown another government.
		In a ruling affirming a Court of Appeal decision from last year, the high court found that the government of Prime Minister Laisenia Qarase is unconstitutional and held that the Fiji Labour Party - whose leader, former Prime Minister Mahendra Chaudhry, was ousted in the May 2000 coup - may be entitled to Cabinet representation.
		The Republic of the Fiji Islands is declared in the course of the preamble to be a multi-cultural society [...] It follows that there is a distribution of political power quite different from that which may be familiar under a traditional Westminster pattern.
	headheeb.blogmosis.com /archives/014498.html (610 words)

	Go Asia Pacific Breaking News Pacific - Fiji awaits Supreme Court verdict (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Fiji's Supreme Court is considering its verdict in the country's multiparty cabinet constitutional case.
		The Court will decide whether to uphold an earlier ruling by the Court of Appeals, in which the government of Prime Minister Laisenia Qarase was found to be unconstitutional.
		Mr Qarase says Mr Chaudhry turned down a position in the government, and prominent Fiji lawyer, Jon Apted says that is one of the government's strongest arguments in the case.
	www.abc.net.au /asiapacific/news/GoAsiaPacificBNP_883771.htm (195 words)

	Go Asia Pacific Breaking News Pacific - Fiji's cabinet crisis back in Supreme Court (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Fiji's president, Ratu Josefa Iloilo, has directed the attorney-general to prepare a case to take the multi-party cabinet issue back to the Supreme Court.
		The Supreme Court will be asked to rule on exactly how many cabinet posts Fiji's prime minister, Laisenia Qarase, should offer to Mahendra Chaudhry's Fiji Labour Party under the 1997 multi-racial constitution.
		The dispute between Mr Qarase and Mr Chaudhry over the makeup of the Fiji cabinet has been going on since the 2001 elections, which were forced on Mr Qarase when Fiji's Court of Appeal upheld the 1997 constitution.
	www.goasiapacific.com /news/GoAsiaPacificBNP_948820.htm (242 words)

	History of Govt & Law
		In all other cases the Island Magistrate is to sit with assessors for the purpose of determining the matters in dispute, but he along is to decide the penalty in all criminal cases in which the accused is found guilty.
		In addition the Governor is empowered to extend the jurisdiction of the Court in suitable cases, and the powers and duties of the Island Magistrate and the Clerk of the Court (who is to be the Island Secretary) are spelled out in detail for the first time.
		Provision is also made for the first time enabling the Island Court to conduct formal inquiries into cases falling outside the jurisdiction of the Island court for the purpose of ascertaining whether there is sufficient evidence against an accused person to put him on his trial before the Subordinate Court or the Supreme Court.
	library.puc.edu /pitcairn/pitcairn/govt-history12.shtml (901 words)

	Fijian military government defies another High Court order
		A Fijian High Court Judge has denied an application by the military-appointed Interim Government for an order staying his earlier ruling that the government is illegal.
		Qarase stated that since the government had the right to appeal to the Court of Appeal, Gates' ruling was “simply a further stage in the continuing legal process”.
		Despite the interim government's defiance of the court decision, the Australian and New Zealand governments have not resiled from their willingness to work with the regime.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2001/jan2001/fiji-j04.shtml (1206 words)

	The World Factbook 2004 -- Field Listing - Judicial branch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president); High Court of Justice (consists of nine judges and 6 substitute judges, elected by the National Assembly)
		Supreme Court or Mahkamah Agung (justices appointed by the president from a list of candidates approved by the legislature); note - the Supreme Court is preparing to assume administrative responsibility for the federal court system, previously run by the executive
		Constitutional Court (judges are appointed by the president); Court of Appeals (judges are elected by the Supreme Council of Judges and Prosecutors)
	www.brainyatlas.com /fields/2094.html (3611 words)

	ipedia.com: Gerard Brennan Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Sir Gerard was appointed a QC in Queensland in 1965 and subsequently in New South Wales, Northern Territory, Papua New Guinea and Fiji.
		He was the first President of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal in 1976, at which time he also served as a Judge of the Australian Industrial Court and an additional Judge of the Supreme Courts of the Australian Capital Territory and of the Northern Territory.
		Sir Gerard has variously been Judge of the Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal (2000), and External Judge of the Supreme Court of Fiji (1999-2000), Chancellor of the University of Technology, Sydney (1999-) and Foundation Scientia Professor of Law at the University of New South Wales (1998).
	www.ipedia.com /gerard_brennan.html (374 words)

	Go Asia Pacific Breaking News Pacific - India welcomes ruling by Fiji's Supreme Court on gov't (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		India has welcomed a ruling by Fiji's Supreme Court that the country's government must form a new multi-racial cabinet to include members from the ousted Fiji Labour Party.
		The Labour party, which enjoys large support from Fiji's ethnic Indians, has been excluded from power since leader Mahendra Chaudhry, the first Fijian Prime Minister of Indian origin, was deposed in a May 2000 coup.
		Fiji PM signals acceptance of multi-racial cabinet ruling
	www.goasiapacific.com /news/GoAsiaPacificBNP_907013.htm (147 words)

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