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| | MSN Encarta - Caliphate |
 | | Caliphate, office and realm of the caliph as supreme leader of the Muslim community and successor of the Prophet Muhammad. |
 | | Under Muhammad the Muslim state was a theocracy, with the Shari'ah law, the religious and moral principles of Islam, as the law of the land. |
 | | On his death in ad 632, a group of Islamic leaders met in Medina, the capital of the Muslim world at that time, and elected Abu Bakr, the Prophet's father-in-law and closest associate, to lead the community. |
| uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761575871/Caliphate.html (493 words) |
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