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Topic: Surface (disambiguation)

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	Surface - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In mathematics (topology), a surface is a two-dimensional manifold.
		Implicit surfaces are surfaces defined as the locus of zeros of a general equation.
		This notion of a surface is distinct from the notion of an algebraic surface.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Surface (988 words)

	Touch - LoveToKnow 1911
		The skin being the chief sensory surface of touch, it is there that the sense is most highly developed both as to delicacy in detecting minute pressures and as to the character of the surface touched.
		In the great majority of Mammalia the general surface of the skin shows sensitiveness, and this is developed to a high degree on certain parts, such as the lips, the end of a teat and the generative organs.
		The sensibility of the limbs is finer in the transverse axis than in the long axis of the limb, to the extent of k on the flexor surface of the upper limb and 4 on the extensor surface.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Touch (5374 words)

	Printing - LoveToKnow 1911
		The difference between the three lies in the nature or conformation of the surface which is covered with the pigment and afterwards gives a reproduction in reverse on the material impressed.
		The type was fixed on a large cylinder, and instead of the printing surface presenting a complete circle, the different columns were each arranged so as to form a polygon.
		The printing surface for one side of the cover is placed at one end of the cylinder and the reverse side is placed at the other end.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Printing (9003 words)

	Surface (disambiguation) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In music, surface is the character of the salient immediate detail.
		In painting, surface is the support upon which paint is applied and the character and texture of the visible paint
		This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Surface_(disambiguation) (137 words)

	Wikipedia: Lens
		It is the refractive index of the lens material and the curvature of the two surfaces that give a particular lens its particular properties.
		The beam after passing through the lens appears to be emanating from a particular point on the axis in front of the lens; the distance from this point to the lens is also known as the focal length, although it is negative with respect to the focal length of a converging lens.
		Spherical aberration can be minimised by careful choice of the curvature of the surfaces for a particular application: for instance, a plano-convex lens which is used to focus a collimated beam produces a sharper focal spot when used with the convex side towards the beam.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/l/le/lens.html (1734 words)

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> Venus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The enormously CO -rich atmosphere generates a strong greenhouse effect that raises the surface temperature to over 400 Â°C. This makes Venus' surface hotter than Mercury's, even though Venus is nearly twice as distant from the Sun and receives only 25% of the solar irradiance.
		Winds at the surface are slow, moving at a few kilometers per hour, but because of the high density of the atmosphere at Venus' surface, they exert a significant amount of force against obstructions, and transport dust and small stones across the surface.
		Venera 7 represented a concerted effort to return data from the planet's surface, and was constructed with a reinforced descent module capable of withstanding a pressure of 180 bar.
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/Venus (5510 words)

	moon - Article and Reference from OnPedia.com
		The results of the Clementine mission suggested that small, frozen pockets of water ice (remnants of water-rich comet impacts) may be embedded unmelted in the permanently shadowed regions of the lunar crust.
		Luna 9 was the first probe to soft land on the Moon and transmit pictures from the Lunar surface on February 3, 1966.
		For escaping at the surface of the Moon from the Moon and the Earth, the escape speed is the square root of the sum of the squares of the separate escape speeds of 2.4 and 1.5 km/s, is 2.8 km/s.
	www.onpedia.com /encyclopedia/Moon (3901 words)

	Sun - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The thermal columns in the convection zone form an imprint on the surface of the Sun, in the form of the solar granulation and supergranulation.
		The visible surface of the Sun, the photosphere, is the layer below which the Sun becomes opaque to visible light.
		Above the visible surface of the Sun is a thin layer, about 2,000 km thick, that is dominated by a spectrum of emission and absorption lines.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Sun (2440 words)

	Sun - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The optical surface of the Sun (the photosphere) is known to have a temperature of about 6,000 K.
		Sunlight -- that is, light radiated from the surface of the Sun -- is thought to be the main source of energy near the surface of Earth.
		Sunlight on the surface of Earth is attenuated by the Earth's atmosphere, so that less power arrives at the surface -- closer to 1000 Watts per directly exposed square meter in clear conditions.
	www.wikipedia-mirror.co.za /s/u/n/Sun.html (3519 words)

	Area - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface.
		Surface area is the summation of the areas of the exposed sides of an object.
		Total surface area of a right circular cone of radius r and slant height l
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Area (305 words)

	Nova - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A nova is an enormous nuclear explosion caused by the accretion of hydrogen onto the surface of a white dwarf star.
		When a white dwarf has a close companion star, the companion will often begin to have its outer atmosphere drawn away from it by the white dwarf's gravity as the companion star ages and expands into a red giant.
		The gases are compacted on the white dwarf's surface by its enormous gravity, compressed and heated to enormous temperatures as additional material is drawn in.
	www.encyclopedia-online.info /Nova (348 words)

	Flux - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The number of red arrows passing through a unit area is the vector density, the curve encircling the red arrows denotes the boundary of the surface, and the orientation of the arrows with respect to the surface denotes the inner product of the vector density with the orientation vectors of the surface area elements.
		Net flux is directly proportional to the concentration difference across the membrane, the surface area of the membrane, and the membrane permeability constant.
		For electromagnetic radiation, the flux of the Poynting vector through a surface is the power, or energy per unit time, passing through that surface.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Flux (760 words)

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> flux (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The divergence theorem states that the net outflux through a closed surface, in other words the net outflux from a 3D region, is found by adding the local net outflow from each point in the region (which is expressed by the divergence).
		The flux of the Poynting vector through a surface is the electromagnetic power, or energy per unit time, passing through that surface.
		Except in the case of active transport, net flux is directly proportional to the concentration difference across the membrane, the surface area of the membrane, and the membrane permeability constant.
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/flux (1617 words)

	Venus Did You Mean venus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This makes Venus's surface hotter than Mercury's, even though Venus is nearly twice as distant from the Sun and only receives 25% of the solar irradiance (2613.9 W/m² in the upper atmosphere, and just 1071.1 W/m² at the surface).
		In addition to this unusual retrograde rotation, the periods of Venus' rotation and of its orbit are synchronized in such a way that it always presents the same face toward Earth when the two planets are at their closest approach (5.001 Venusian days between each inferior conjunction).
		To overcome the hellish surface conditions, a team led by Geoffrey Landis of NASA's Glenn Research Center in Ohio has proposed 2 a Venus Rover mission that includes a tough surface rover in communication with a solar-powered aircraft.
	www.did-you-mean.com /Venus.html (4914 words)

	Help.com - hurricane (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The pressures recorded at the centers of tropical cyclones are among the lowest that occur on Earth's surface at sea level.
		Warm core: Tropical cyclones are characterized and driven by the release of large amounts of latent heat of condensation as moist air is carried upwards and its water vapor condenses.
		Winds at the surface are strongly cyclonic, weaken with height, and eventually reverse themselves.
	help.com /wiki/Hurricane (9934 words)

	Disambiguation Blog: singular complementarity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Within certain intimate proximities of surfaces a formation of folds will unfold and the surface is laid bare or opened up to be mapped onto another surface with yours.
		These surfaces can become weaponised gestures that are weilded when the soft comfort of complementary folding becomes the acrimony of the crease.
		If all one ever brings are weaponised surfaces that are blunt and jaggard and which carry the expectation of an anxious folding to be wrought upon and by the Other so as to render a complementarity, then joy is short lived.
	glenfuller.blogspot.com /2005/06/singular-complementarity.html (498 words)

	Gravity - Dic.blogopt.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		For the earth, it is the compression of the mass between something on the surface of the earth and the earth's center of mass.
		The acceleration measured on the rotating surface of the Earth is not quite the same as the acceleration that is measured for a free-falling body because of the centrifugal force.
		Johannes Kepler inferred that the planets move in their orbits under some influence or force exerted by the Sun; but the laws of motion were not then sufficiently developed, nor were Kepler's ideas of force sufficiently clear, to make a precise statement of the nature of the force.
	dic.blogopt.com /Gravity (4820 words)

	Earth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The interior of Earth like that of other terrestrial planets is chemically divided into an outer siliceous solid crust a highly viscous mantle liquid outer core that is much less than the mantle and a solid inner The liquid outer core gives rise to weak magnetic field due to the convection of its conductive material.
		Much of Earth's surface is less 100 million years old; the very oldest of the crust are as much as billion years old [1] (http://spaceflightnow.com/news/n0101/14earthwater/).
		The planet's internal heat was originally during its accretion (see gravitational binding energy) and since then additional heat has to be generated by the decay of radioactive elements such as uranium thorium and potassium.
	www.freeglossary.com /Earth (2656 words)

	cars - Tropical cyclone (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A tropical depression is an organized system of clouds and thunderstorms with a defined surface circulation and maximum sustained winds of less than 17 metres per second (33 knots, 38 mph, or 62 km/h).
		Surface low: All tropical cyclones rotate around an area of low atmospheric pressure near the earth's surface.
		Surface level observations are generally only available if the storm is passing over an island or a coastal area, or it has overtaken an unfortunate ship.
	www.carluvers.com /cars/Tropical_depression (4878 words)

	Sphere Biography,info
		In mathematics, the term refers to the surface or boundary of a ball, but in non-mathematical usage, the term is used to refer either to a three-dimensional ball or to its surface.
		For this reason, the sphere appears in nature: for instance bubbles and small water drops are roughly spherical, because the surface tension minimizes surface area.
		The surface of the (n − 1)-sphere of radius 1 is
	www.danceage.com /biography/sdmc_Sphere (1092 words)

	Sun Biography,info
		The solar constant is equal to approximately 1,370 watts per square meter of area at a distance of one AU from the Sun (that is, on or near Earth).
		Sunlight on the surface of Earth is attenuated by the Earth's atmosphere so that less power arrives at the surface—closer to 1,000 watts per directly exposed square meter in clear conditions when the Sun is near the zenith.
		The optical surface of the Sun (the photosphere) is known to have a temperature of approximately 6,000 K.
	www.danceage.com /biography/sdmc_Sun (3255 words)

	Submarine - The real meaning from Timesharetalk wikipedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		All surface ships, as well as surfaced submarines, are in positively buoyant condition, weighing less than the water they displace.
		For general submersion or surfacing, submarines use the forward and aft tanks, called Main Ballast Tanks or MBTs, which are opened and completely filled with water to submerge, or filled by pressurized air to surface.
		Such surfacing is very quick, so the sub may even partially jump out of the water, but it inflicts serious damage on some submarine systems, primarily pipes.
	www.timesharetalk.co.uk /information.asp?k=Submarine (8410 words)

	EARTH : Encyclopedia Entry
		The outer surface is divided into several tectonic plates that gradually migrate across the surface over geologic time spans.
		Changes in the orbit of the planet may also be responsible for the ice ages that have covered significant portions of the surface in glacial sheets.
		It is estimated that only one eighth of the surface of the Earth is suitable for humans to live on — three-quarters is covered by oceans, and half of the land area is desert, high mountains or other unsuitable terrain.
	bibleocean.com /OmniDefinition/Earth (4801 words)

	Sub-Sentential Processing
		The combination of a surface form and its analysis as a canonical form and inflection is called a lemma.
		A two-level recognizer maps the surface string to a sequence of branches in the letter trees using the transducers and computes the lemma from information provided at branch boundaries.
		One central idea is to have most of the morphological disambiguation done by the syntactic constraints proper.
	cslu.cse.ogi.edu /HLTsurvey/ch3node4.html (1600 words)

	lava - lava life
		The clinkery surface actually covers lava a massive dense core, which was the most active part of the flow.
		The surface texture of pahoehoe flows varies widely, displaying all kinds of bizarre shapes often referred to as lava sculpture.
		Since the majority of Earth's surface is covered by water, and most volcanoes are situated near or under it, pillow lava is actually very common.
	www.infotechloco.com /Inf-Programming-F---L/Lava.html (1283 words)

	Len Schubert - Robust, Incremental Parsing and Disambiguation
		The goal of this project is to develop general techniques for robust parsing and disambiguation of task-oriented spoken dialogs.
		A primary challenge in such dialogs lies in the disruption of ordinary grammatical structure by repairs, interjected acknowledgements and corrections, etc. In human-machine dialogs, the problem is compounded by the speech recognition errors introduced by the speech recognizer.
		To further the goal of integrating syntactic analysis and discourse analysis, we are also participating in a major effort to develop a general dialog annotation scheme that will capture the pragmatically most important properties and relationships of dialog segments, and to produce annotated dialog corpora based on this scheme.
	cslu.cse.ogi.edu /nsf/isgw97/reports/schubert.html (1145 words)

	D
		It would also have to be shown that disambiguation, the recovery of propositional attitudes, figurative interpretations and implicit import can be handled along similar lines'.
		Any discourse type may surface in the form of a narrative: Narratives may be used to instruct...
		The ease of the indirect or secondary usage manifested by this type of text, and its potential to realize the widest array of discourse types may, indeed, be regarded as arguments for the "basic" status of narrative among the different types of text'.
	www.sil.org /~radneyr/humanities/D.htm (16480 words)

	Flux Information - flux
		The surface normal is directed accordingly, usually by the magnetic flux meter right-hand rule.
		If the surface is aeon flux pics radiative transfer definition flux radiance not closed, it has an oriented curve as boundary.
		Stokes theorem states that the flux of the curl of a vector field is the path integral of the vector field over this axial flux permanent magnet generator boundary.
	www.inanot.com /Ina-Electronics_Topics_Em_-_F-/Flux.html (1711 words)

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