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Topic: Surface combatant

	Navy Matters \| Sustained Surface Combatant Capability
		When the Future Surface Combatant (FSC) - as then envisaged - was de-facto cancelled in October(?) 2004 at the Initial Gate milestone, the associated Integrated Project Team was quickly stood down (November?) and for a while the DPA's Future Business Group managed residual former FSC IPT activities.
		Surface Combatants provide a very broad range of capabilities and effects and by late 2006 the S2C2 had attempted to capture these capabilities in a Capability Definition Document.
		Secondly, a resurrected Future Surface Combatant (FSC) study is continuing investigations (first started in the late 1990s as the ‘Future Escort’) in to how the capabilities currently provided by the existing Type 22 and Type 23 frigates might be met in the long term – a very considerable body of related work already existing.
	navy-matters.beedall.com /s2c2.htm (1795 words)

	Naval ship - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Surface Combatant - large, heavily armed surface ships which are designed primarily to engage enemy forces on the high seas, including various types of battleship, battlecruiser, cruiser, destroyer, and frigate.
		Submarine - self-propelled submersible types regardless of whether they are employed as combatant, auxiliary, or research and development vehicles which have at least a residual combat capability.
		Patrol Combatant - combatants whose mission may extend beyond coastal duties and whose characteristics include adequate endurance and sea keeping providing a capability for operations exceeding 48 hours on the high seas without support.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Naval_ship (421 words)

	SURFACE COMBATANTS - Navy Contribution to Australian Maritime Operations (Sea Power Centre - Australia)
		The surface combatant's primary mission is to establish and maintain sea control in a hostile, multi-threat environment.
		Surface combatants are built to fight and win in combat, and the resources and skills developed for warfighting underpin their ability in the constabulary role.
		Surface combatants contribute to a range of constabulary tasks, such as enforcing environmental, fisheries, immigration and quarantine laws, peace keeping and peace enforcement tasks.
	www.navy.gov.au /spc/ncamo/chap8.html (2878 words)

	Navy League of the United States - Citizens in Support of the Sea Services
		In spring 2003, the Navy's force of surface combatants comprised 17 Spruance-class destroyers, 27 Ticonderoga-class cruisers, 33 Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates, and 38 Arleigh Burke-class destroyers.
		It would upgrade the combat systems and reliability of 13 Ticonderoga-class cruisers; of the other 14, the five oldest would be retired by 2006 and the rest by 2014, well before the end of their notional 35-year service life.
		Equally important were the total crew size of the surface combatant force and its average age.
	www.navyleague.org /sea_power/sep_03_22.php (1755 words)

	Program Executive Office Ships - Current and Future Surface Combatant, Amphibious and Auxiliary Ships
		These ships range from frontline combatants to amphibious ships that transport Marines and their equipment to supply and replenishment cargo ships.
		For these and all other non-nuclear surface craft, PEO Ships maintains “cradle to grave” responsibility including research, development, acquisition, systems integration, construction and lifetime support.
		At the end of a ship’s life, PEO Ships manages formal decommissioning from the Fleet and, in some cases, transfers or sales to friendly foreign navies; when a ship is not transferred or sold, PEO Ships manages its inactivation and safe disposal.
	peos.crane.navy.mil (347 words)

	Surface Combatant Systems
		Command and weapon control systems for surface ships are also part of the already mentioned sensor to shooter chain.
		COSYS, a combat system of the latest generation, can be adapted to all customer requirements without problems due to its modular design and has all required interfaces to sensors, shooters, and communication facilities which in turn ensure its integration in a full Network Centric Warfare (NCW) configuration.
		When we think of the shooter, the integration of all conceivable systems is possible: from the SEAPIKE“, a low cost anti-submarine warfare system, to the integration of weapons from other manufacturers.
	www.atlas-elektronik.de /typo3_380/index.php?id=60&type=3&L=1 (276 words)

	SC-21 - 21st Century Surface Combatant - Navy Ships
		As a follow-on to the Arleigh Burke-class program, the Navy is evaluating concepts for a new generation of surface combatants that is expected to provide the future fleet with the necessary capabilities and be built in sufficient quantities to provide the required number of ships for overseas presence and war-fighting missions.
		The Twenty-First Century Surface Combatant (SC-21) Mission Need Statement (MNS) was approved by the Joint Requirements Oversight Council (JROC) in September 1994.
		A land-attack destroyer is planned as the first variant in the new family of ships, whose primary missions will be to (1) support the establishment of comprehensive battlespace dominance to protect friendly forces from enemy attack and (2) influence events ashore through the application of precision firepower.
	www.fas.org /man/dod-101/sys/ship/sc-21.htm (0 words)

	Lycos Retriever: The Best of the Web Summarized for You
		Surface Logistics is a hosted service that lets PSAPs share information without installing server software, a significant factor in cost-effectiveness.
		No software purchase is required, and no server hardware needs to be purchased and maintained, making the service an ideal solution for agencies with busy technical staff.
		There are currently no sub-categories under Surface Combatant
	www.lycos.com /dir/regional/united-states/military/navy/surface-combatant (104 words)

	[No title]
		Mid-villus brush border surface area was calculated as previously described1 by a method involving the measurement of the variable parameters of height, width, and density of microvilli.
		Briefly, the number of microvilli over a 2µm length of cell surface was counted and divided by the cell surface length to give the number per micron.
		The specific surface area based on BET theory was measured from 12 points at the relative nitrogen pressure range 0.05 - 0.20 from the adsorption phase and the pore size distribution according to BJH theory from 88 points at the relative nitrogen pressure range 0.98 - 0.37 from the desorption phase.
	lycos.cs.cmu.edu /info/surface-area.html (521 words)

	Littoral Combat Ship
		The Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) will take advantage of the newest generation hull form and tailored, modularized combat systems package designs which will enable the LCS to defeat enemy littoral defenses including mines, fast swarming small boats, and submarines, ultimately ensuring maritime access in any environment.
		The LCS is envisioned to be a networked, agile, stealthy surface combatant capable of defeating anti-access and asymmetric threats in the littorals.
		It will have the capability to deploy independently to overseas littoral regions, remain on station for extended periods of time either with a battle group or through a forward-basing arrangement and will be capable of underway replenishment.
	tech.military.com /equipment/view/89179/littoral-combat-ship.html (484 words)

	Military.com Content
		For the surface Navy, this means building a balanced force that retains proven strengths but also is equipped to ensure access, effect forcible entry, deliver responsive long-range fires, and conduct precision strike during campaigns characterized by indefinite length and logistical challenges.
		Together, these combatants will provide the naval and joint force commander an array of firepower options, as a sea-based deterrent force or as one tasked to gain forcible entry to enable the flow of land and air forces into a contested theater.
		The Navy recognized that a complementary family of surface combatants was required to meet the demands of power projection and access in light of emerging threats.
	www.military.com /Content/MoreContent1?file=NI_Family (1809 words)

	US CODE: Title 10,7296. Combatant surface vessels: notice before reduction in number; preservation of surge capability (Site not responding. Last check: )
		(3) A risk assessment for a force of combatant surface vessels of the number specified under paragraph (2) that is based on the same assumptions as were applied in the QDR 2001 combatant surface force risk assessment.
		(1) The term “combatant surface vessels” means cruisers, destroyers, and frigates that are in active service in the Navy or in active reserve service in the Navy.
		(2) The term “QDR 2001 combatant surface force risk assessment” means the risk assessment associated with a force of combatant surface vessels numbering 116 that is set forth in the report on the quadrennial defense review submitted to Congress on September 30, 2001, under section 118 of this title.
	www.law.cornell.edu /uscode/uscode10/usc_sec_10_00007296----000-.html (317 words)

	Development of a Bow for a Naval Surface Combatant which Combines a Hydrodynamic Bulb and a Sonar Dome
		The location of the center of area near the free surface, and the reduced beam-to-height ratio, are in direct contrast to the geometry of the sonar dome.
		The intersection of the bulb with the hull surface was filleted to a 1 ft radius.
		A Design Bulb for a Naval surface combatant was developed utilizing data obtained during a bulb feasibility study, model tests on simplified bulbs, and computational fluid dynamics analysis.
	www.dt.navy.mil /hyd/tec-rep/dev-bow-nav (3995 words)

	surface warfare - Listible!
		created by joeyraff123 on November 3, 2006 10:41 AM Surface combatants -— cruisers, destroyers, and frigates -— provide the Navy with a wide range of capabilities and choices to satisfy U.S. national security objectives.
		Forward-deployed surface combatants could be available to immediately strike targets on land with Tomahawk cruise missiles and provide naval fire support for ground forces.
		In the future surface combatant forces are also expected to provide defense against ballistic missiles.
	www.listible.com /list/surface-warfare (356 words)

	NDM Article -Surface Combatants Dominate Future Fleet
		Before the DD(X) became the Navy’s next generation surface combatant, it was intended to supersede the DD-21, a replacement for frigates.
		But the assumption that every major surface combatant will last 35 years is not a great bet, he says.
		Because a large portion of the fleet—one of every three or four ships—will be a surface combatant, the cost of maintaining those ships and replacing them at a steady state could run the Navy aground into dire financial straits.
	www.nationaldefensemagazine.org /issues/2006/april/sb-fleet.htm (446 words)

	"Quiet Determination and Professionalism"
		Within the lifelines of any surface combatant, when things happen routinely and your crew is properly trained, no-notice or short-notice tasking is relatively easy to execute.
		Any time you place a surface combatant, which is designed to operate on the open seas, in a narrow, confined channel, the captain will have concerns.
		Commander Costello: Regardless of where a surface combatant is operating in the world, many routine day-to-day, week-to-week events must occur to ensure any surface combatant is ready to conduct prompt, sustained combat operations at sea.
	www.military.com /NewContent/0,13190,NI_Cook_0303,00.html (1393 words)

	Type 051 (Luda Class) Missile Destroyer \| Navy \| SinoDefence.com
		Large surface combatants such as destroyers were regarded by the Chinese military planners as unnecessary for China’s defence strategy and obsolete in “the age of nuclear”.
		A larger surface combatant with strong self-retain capability for long-range cruise was requested.
		The Type 051 missile destroyer is China’s first indigenous surface combatant capable of operating in deep oceans far away from the homeport.
	www.sinodefence.com /navy/surface/luda051.asp (1431 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Nonetheless, the average age of the fleet is now in an upward trend, with front- line surface combatants, amphibious ships and the combat logistics force ships all showing increasing average age.
		SC 21, the next generation surface combatant, is programmed to start procurement in Fiscal Year 2003 and would commission in Fiscal Year 2009.
		The DDG 51 Aegis destroyer is the most capable multi-mission surface combatant in the world, and the DDG program is one of the most successful and important programs in the Navy.
	www.chinfo.navy.mil /navpalib/ships/testimony/doug0422.txt (4751 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Rule Britannia RE:Future Surface Combatant, The Contenders 6/26/2004 4:18:31 PM No, the only thing that was unattractive to Boeing was the Shipbuilding sector even though it generates over £1.5 Billion in revenues.
		Rule Britannia RE:Future Surface Combatant, The Contenders 6/27/2004 1:51:53 PM As I said my guess is as good as yours, therefore I am in no position to argue with you.
		Rule Britannia RE:Future Surface Combatant, The Contenders 6/27/2004 5:56:19 PM Yes that is it precisely.
	www.strategypage.com /militaryforums/8-3361.aspx (1689 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Info on Aviation Cruiser from surface combatant study circa 1990s.
		Looking at it I think the speed was too low, more space for larger guns needed, shorter superstructure with a hangar deck aft with flight deck atop it for better aviation loadout.
		VSTOL ops can be dispersed and on platforms like a beefed up Aviation Cruiser deployed to units operating where carriers dare not steam as such units do not have an enormous costs in life and dollars if they are attacked.
	www.strategypage.com /militaryforums/8-8782.aspx (885 words)

	DDG-1000 Zumwalt / DD(X) Multi-Mission Surface Combatant
		Developed under the DD(X) destroyer program, DDG-1000 Zumwalt is the lead ship in a class of next-generation, multi-mission surface combatants tailored for land attack and littoral dominance, with capabilities designed to defeat current and projected threats as well as improve battle force defense.
		The Navy's new DD(X) program is the centerpiece a family of three surface combatant ships, including a destroyer, a cruiser and a smaller craft for littoral operations.
		The intent was to innovatively combine the transformational technologies developed in the DD(X) program with the many ongoing R&D efforts involving mission focused surface ships to produce a state-of-the art surface combatant to defeat adversary attempts to deny access for US forces.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/systems/ship/dd-x.htm (1619 words)

	Type 052 (Luhu Class) Multirole Missile Destroyer \| Navy \| SinoDefence.com
		It is China’s first modern multirole surface combatant with comprehensive surface strike, air defence, and antisubmarine warfare (ASW) capabilities.
		It is the first Chinese surface combatant to be fitted with sophisticated air defence, anti-submarine warfare, electronic warfare, and C3I systems.
		The Type 052 is the first Chinese surface combatant to have been equipped with an integrated combat data system.
	www.sinodefence.com /navy/surface/type052luhu.asp (1163 words)

	A Revolution at Sea for Surface Combatant Warships - Interview with RADM William W. Cobb, Jr.
		He is responsible for the development, acquisition, and life-cycle support of the Navy's Aegis surface combatant warships, selected combat and weapons systems, and theater ballistic missile defense programs.
		COBB: I am responsible for construction of new Aegis guided-missile destroyers [the Arleigh Burke DDG-51 class] and life-cycle support for the surface combatants that are in commission--Aegis destroyers and cruisers, Spruance-class destroyers, and the FFGs [Oliver Hazard Perry-class guided-missile frigates].
		We are in the process now of refining the organization and making some personnel changes to better define what we ought to be as a total organization, but that's a normal thing that's going to go on for several years.
	www.navyleague.org /seapower/revolution_at_sea_for_surface_combat_ships.htm (3495 words)

	General Dynamics Multi-Mission Combatant
		The General Dynamics Multi-Mission Combatant is a flexible, shallow-draft, high-speed ship capable of conducting simultaneous missions that are required by today’s global naval forces.
		A variant of the U.S. Littoral Combat Ship, the Multi-Mission Combatant features an innovative trimaran hull form that provides outstanding stability, volume and sea keeping; a flight deck that is nearly three times the size of any other surface combatant; and a mission system that is built upon an open-architecture computing environment.
		News Release: General Dynamics to Showcase Littoral Combat Ship-Based Multi-Mission Combatant at IDEX (Feb. 15, 2007)
	www.gdlcs.com /mmc (123 words)

	Northrop Grumman - Ships
		The business is also one of the nation’s leading providers and life-cycle supporters of major surface ships for the U.S. Navy, U.S. Coast Guard, international navies and commercial vessels.
		Our Ship Systems sector is one of the nation's leading full service systems companies for the design, engineering, construction, and life cycle support of major surface ships for the U.S. Navy, U.S. Coast Guard and international navies, and for commercial vessels of all types.
		Northrop Grumman is designing the Navy’s 21st century surface combatant, the Zumwalt-class destroyer (DDG 1000), which will serve as the technological basis for future naval platforms.
	www.northropgrumman.com /about_us/ships.html (644 words)

	US Navy CONOPS for Surface Combatant Land Attack Warfare
		As described in this document, the surface combatant fleet has a clear charter to conduct land attack operations independently of the large carrier battlegroups.
		The surface combatant must bring a full array of capability that is interoperable in the joint warfighting arena.
		This memorandum describes, in general terms, the capabilities that surface combatants will require to conduct land attack warfare operations, and it sets out a general philosophical approach as to how these capabilities are to be developed and implemented.
	p076.ezboard.com /fhistorypoliticsandcurrentaffairs68862frm22.showMessage?topicID=6.topic (933 words)

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