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Topic: Suxamethonium chloride

	Suxamethonium chloride - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Suxamethonium chloride (also known as succinylcholine, or scoline) is a white crystalline substance, it is odourless and highly soluble in water.
		Suxamethonium is sold under several trademark names such as Anectine®.
		Suxamethonium is quickly degraded by plasma cholinesterase and the duration of effect is usually in the range of a few minutes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Succinylcholine_chloride (423 words)

	University of Iowa Anesthesia Publications
		The highly immunogenic drug, suxamethonium chloride (succinylcholine), was found to be the most hazardous agent.
		The use of suxamethonium chloride is associated with many other adverse effects, such as fasciculations, myalgia, potassium release, changes in the heart rate, increases in intragastric and intraocular pressures, and malignant hyperthermia.
		Because of the dangers of hyperkalemic cardiac arrest suxamethonium chloride administration in children with unrecognised muscular dystrophy, there have now been moves to limit the use of this drug in children.
	www.anesth.uiowa.edu /readabstract.asp?PMID=9785339 (380 words)

	National Women's Newborn Drug Protocol - Suxamethonium Pharmacology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Suxamethonium chloride (also known as succinylcholine) is a depolarising muscle relaxant.
		Suxamethonium may have a number of effects apart from skeletal muscle relaxation (hyperkalaemic response, cardiac arrhythmias).
		Suxamethonium causes a transient rise in serum potassium.
	www.adhb.govt.nz /newborn/DrugProtocols/SuxamethoniumPharmacology.htm (185 words)

	SUXAMETHONIUM CHLORIDE Injection Intramed. - Rx-Systems.net online pharmacy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Suxamethonium chloride is contra-indicated in patients who have suffered burns, exhibit myotonia and muscular rigidity, or are known to have atypical pseudocholinesterase.
		Suxamethonium chloride is also contra-indicated in patients with penetrating wounds of the eye or while the globe is open, or after initial surgery in massively traumatised patients.
		The effects of suxamethonium may be enhanced by some aminoglycoside or polypeptide antibiotics administered by intraperitoneal injection, by magnesium sulphate, narcotic analgesics, procaine, propanidid, quinidine, and by a decreased body temperature.
	www.cheap-approved.com /intramed/suxmeth.html (877 words)

	Data Sheet
		SUXAMETHONIUM should only be administered under strict supervision of an anaesthetist familiar with its actions, characteristics and hazards who is skilled in the management of artifical respiration and only when facilities are instantly available for endotracheal intubation and for providing adequate ventilation of the patient, including the administration of oxygen under positive pressure.
		On evidence of these symptoms the anaesthetic and SUXAMETHONIUM should be discontinued and supportive measures implemented including administration of oxygen, sodium bicarbonate, lowering of temperature, restoration of fluids and electrolyte balance, maintenance of adequate urinary output and administration of IV dantrolene according to a standard protocol.
		Recovery from SUXAMETHONIUM may occassionally be delayed possibly due to a low serum pseudocholinesterase level; this may occur in patients suffering from severe liver disease, cancer, malnutrition, severe dehydration, collagen diseases, severe anaemia, myxoedem, burns, pregnancy and the puerperium, severe infections, myocardial infarction, renal impairment and abnormal body temperature.
	www.medsafe.govt.nz /Profs/datasheet/s/SuxamethoniumChlorideinj.htm (1883 words)

	Pharmacogenetics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Much of current clinical interest is at the level of pharmacogenetics, involving variation in genes involved in drug metabolism with a particular emphasis on improving drug safety.
		The first observations of genetic variation in drug response date from the 1950s, involving the muscle relaxant suxamethonium chloride, and drugs metabolized by N-acetyltransferase.
		One in 3500 Caucasians has less efficient variant of the enzyme (butyrylcholinesterase) that metabolizes suxamethonium chloride.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pharmacogenetics (709 words)

	APPGuide Online - Consumer Medicine Information - SUXAMETHONIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION BP - CMI (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Since Suxamethonium Chloride Injection will stop your muscles moving, it may be necessary for the anaesthetist to help you breathe while you are being given it.
		Suxamethonium Chloride Injection Injection must be kept in the fridge where the temperature stays between 2 - 8°C. Do not freeze.
		Any Suxamethonium Chloride Injection from a single dose which is not used will be disposed of in a safe manner by your doctor or nurse.
	www.appco.com.au /appguide/drug.asp?drug_id=00097608&t=cmi (937 words)

	Suxamethonium chloride: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Suxamethonium acts as a depolarizing muscle relaxant (muscle relaxant: A drug that reduces muscle contractility by blocking the transmission of nerve impulses or by decreasing the excitability of the motor end plate or by other actions).
		It imitates the action of acetylcholine (acetylcholine: A neurotransmitter that is a derivative of choline; released at the ends of nerve fibers in the somatic and parasympathetic nervous systems) at the neuromuscular junction, but it is not degraded by acetylcholinesterase (acetylcholinesterase: in biochemistry, cholinesterase is a term which refers to one of the two enzymes...
		Suxamethonium is quickly degraded by plasma cholinesterase (cholinesterase: An enzyme that hydrolyses acetylcholine (into choline and acetic acid)) and the duration of effect is usually in the range of a few minutes.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/suxamethonium_chloride (621 words)

	Anectine Injection , SPC from the eMC
		Hypersensitivity to suxamethonium may exist in rare instances, and Anectine should not be administered to patients known to be hypersensitive to the drug.
		As suxamethonium can act as a trigger of sustained myofibrillar contraction in susceptible individuals, Anectine is contra-indicated in patients with a personal or family history of malignant hyperthermia.
		Suxamethonium causes a significant transient rise in intra-ocular pressure, and should therefore not be used in the presence of open eye injuries or where an increase in intra-ocular pressure is undesirable unless the potential benefit of its use outweighs the potential risk to the eye.
	emc.medicines.org.uk /emc/assets/c/html/displaydoc.asp?documentid=704 (1919 words)

	Welcome To JPMI (Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		After the muscle fasciculation produced by suxamethonium were over, patients were intubated with a proper size cuffed orotracheal tube by a single senior anaesthesiologist who was unaware of the drugs used in the study.
		In the suxamethonium group (A) 99% cases had acceptable intubation and laryngoscopy while the conditions were unacceptable in 1% cases.
		In group-A (suxamethonium), there was decrease of MAP (7.4%) from base line after induction and increased (1.9%) after tracheal intubation and it came down at 1 minute (7.4%) and at 3 minutes interval (16%).
	www.jpmi.org /org_detail.asp?Letter=N&Article_ID=99 (1928 words)

	APPGuide Online - Consumer Medicine Information - SUXAMETHONIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION BP - CMI
		Suxamethonium Chloride Injection is used to stop your muscles moving during surgery or medical procedures.
		Suxamethonium Chloride Injection will be given to you by an anaesthetist.
		Suxamethonium Chloride Injection doses should be carefully worked out, so problems with overdose are unlikely.
	www.appco.com.au /appguide/drug.asp?drug_id=00097608&t=cmi (937 words)

	APPGuide Online - Consumer Medicine Information - SCOLINE - CMI
		Your doctor or anaesthetist has weighed the risks of you being given suxamethonium against the benefits they expect it will have for you.
		You should not be given Scoline if you have an allergy to suxamethonium or any of the ingredients listed at the end of this leaflet.
		Your doctor or anaesthetist will discuss the possible risks and benefits of being given suxamethonium if you are breast-feeding.
	www.appco.com.au /appguide/drug.asp?drug_id=00071328&t=cmi (994 words)

	Welcome to GlaxoSmithKline Hong Kong Homepage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Sodium Chloride (0.18% w/v) and Glucose (4% w/v) Intravenous Infusion.
		A depolarising muscle relaxant such as suxamethonium chloride should not be administered to prolong the neuromuscular blocking effects of non-depolarising agents, as this may result in a prolonged and complex block which can be difficult to reverse with anticholinesterase drugs.
		The trans-trans and cis-trans stereoisomers comprise 92% to 96% of mivacurium chloride and when studied in cats their neuromuscular blocking potencies are not significantly different from each other or from mivacurium chloride.
	www.gsk.com.hk /eng/products/prescription_product_overview.asp?intPsProductID=84 (2721 words)

	[No title]
		Repeated suxamethonium doses can cause intense bradycardia or cardiac arrest and patients should be pretreated with an anticholinergic agent.
		Suxamethonium is a depolarising agent causing rapid paralysis.
		Suxamethonium should be used with caution in patients with high potassium levels, such as in renal failure or burns.
	www.ljf.scot.nhs.uk /exist/xmldb/db/ljf_v2/unified/unified15_1_5.xml (194 words)

	WHO \| Information for health-care workers - managing adverse events
		All neonates were being breast fed. The nurse who gave the vaccines was a highly qualified nurse-midwife; however, she had been assigned only a month earlier to the maternity ward where BCG vaccines were given and may have needed more training in immunization practices.
		In the hospital clinic, the following drugs were found in the refrigerator in which vaccines were also kept: pancuronium chloride, suxamethonium bromide and insulin.
		An investigation of the deaths revealed that Suxamethonium (a muscle relaxant) had been used to reconstitute the vial of measles vaccine used to vaccinate the six children.
	www.who.int /immunization_safety/aefi/managing_AEFIs/en/index4.html (777 words)

	SUXAMETHONIUM - [see intubation drugs] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Suxamethonium is a short acting depolarising neuromuscular blocking agent.
		Add.2ml (10mg) suxamethonium to 0.8ml water for injection.
		If repeated doses of suxamethonium are given action may change from a depolarising to a non-depolarising block requiring bo th atropine and neostigmine for reversal.
	www.cs.nsw.gov.au /rpa/neonatal/html/meds/suxameth.htm (284 words)

	Effect of terfenadine and ranitidine on histamine and suxamethonium wheals. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Effect of terfenadine and ranitidine on histamine and suxamethonium wheals.
		Ranitidine alone in the standard and a four-fold higher dose did not notably reduce the size of the wheal and flare as compared to placebo.
		The effects of the H-1 receptor blocker terfenadine and the H-2 receptor blocker ranitidine have been experimentally tested in wheals induced with histamine and suxamethonium chloride.
	www.ihop-net.org /UniPub/iHOP/gp/5837082.html (121 words)

	MDCAN Contact
		Tracheal intubation was facilitated in both groups with 1.5mgkg-I suxamethonium chloride.
		After adequate relaxation as judged by depressed lower jaw tone, laryngoscopy was undertaken in both groups with a long blade Magill laryngoscope, and tracheal intubation with the appropriate size of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) endotracheal tube.
		One minute after intubation, the heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressures were recorded from the electronic oscillometer and the rate pressure product was calculated and recorded.
	www.mdcan-ng.org /study.htm (665 words)

	JSN Drug Database (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Each vial contains 100mg suxamethonium chloride in 2ml of water for injection (i.e.
		Bolus IV injection into an existing cannula by a medical officer or an accredited nurse under the direct supervision of a medical officer.
		If repeated doses of suxamethonium are given action may change from a depolarising to a non-depolarising block requiring both atropine and neostigmine for reversal.
	www.cs.nsw.gov.au /rpa/neonatal/html/listview.asp?DrugID=46 (245 words)

	NEUROMUSCULAR DISORDERS AND MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		in myotonia congenita, hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, paramyotonia congenita, myotonia fluctuans and permanens, and myotonic dystrophy; ii) rhabdomyolysis induced by suxamethonium and followed by elevation of extracellular potassium in hypokalemic periodic paralysis; iii) myolysis of skeletal or heart muscle induced by suxamethonium and perhaps volatile anesthetics in Duchenne and Becker muscle dystrophy.
		The reason for the myotonic overexcitability of the surface membrane is a reduced chloride conductance of the muscle fiber membrane due to loss-of-function or change-of-function mutations in the channel protein.
		Ording H, Skovgaard LT (1987) In vitro diagnosis of susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia: evaluation of tests with halothane-caffeine, potassium chloride, suxamethonium and caffeine-suxamethonium.
	physiologie.uni-ulm.de /MH/1996NeuromuscularDisordersandMH.htm (2580 words)

	Succinyl Choline Chloride injection 500mg - Product information :
		Reduces duration of neuromuscular blockade produced by succinylcholine chloride.
		a 0.1% soln may be prepared by mixing 10ml injection of succinylcholine with 500ml of 5% glucose or isotonic sodium chloride.
		Although a concerted effort has been made to ensure the validity of the information contained in this document, we give no assurance for the accuracy of the information in this documents.
	www.sgpharma.com /company/products/succinyl.htm (377 words)

	Suxamethonium chloride: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Suxamethonium is sold under several trademark (A formally registered symbol identifying the manufacturer or distributor of a product)
		Suxamethonium acts as a depolarizing muscle relaxant (A drug that reduces muscle contractility by blocking the transmission of nerve impulses or by decreasing the excitability of the motor end plate or by other actions)
		Suxamethonium is quickly degraded by plasma cholinesterase (An enzyme that hydrolyses acetylcholine (into choline and acetic acid))
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /ref/suxamethonium_chloride (1044 words)

	SUXAMETHONIUM CHLORIDE AND MALIGNANT HYPERPYREXIA -- GALLOWAY and DENBOROUGH 58 (4): 447 -- British Journal of ...
		SUXAMETHONIUM CHLORIDE AND MALIGNANT HYPERPYREXIA -- GALLOWAY and DENBOROUGH 58 (4): 447 -- British Journal of Anaesthesia
		Pure suxamethonium chloride does not produce in vitro contracture
		that suxamethonium chloride induces MH because the fasciculations
	bja.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/58/4/447 (199 words)

	Data Sheet
		MIVACRON injection is a clear, pale yellow, sterile aqueous solution in glass ampoules containing 2mg/ml mivacurium, present as mivacurium chloride.
		A depolarising muscle relaxant such as suxamethonium chloride should not be administered to prolong the neuromuscular blocking effects of non- depolarising agents, as this may result in a prolonged and complex block which can be difficult to reverse with anti-cholinesterase medicines.
		Mivacurium chloride is a mixture of three stereoisomers.
	www.medsafe.govt.nz /profs/Datasheet/m/Mivacroninj.htm (3270 words)

	Xian Libang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.Droperidol, metolazone, suxamethonium chloride, doxapram HCl, alodipine ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Xian Libang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.Droperidol, metolazone, suxamethonium chloride, doxapram HCl, alodipine maleate/besylate/mesylate
		Droperidol, metolazone, suxamethonium chloride, doxapram HCl, alodipine maleate/besylate/mesylate
		Suxamethonium Chloride (Succynil Chloine Chloride) BP2000 25kg/Drum Meglumine USP 25 25kg/Drum Diatrizoic Acid USP25 25kg/Drum
	www.chinaexporter.com.cn /com/53967.htm (308 words)

	Vitamin B - Letters (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Forms include: choline, choline chloride, choline dehydrocholate, choline dihydrogen citrate, choline esterase, choline salicylate, choline throphyllinate.
		Other names include: choline chloride dihydrogen phosphate, phosphorylcholine chloride, choline phosphate chloride, choline chloride phosphate, choline phosphoric acid ester, choline phosphoric acid ester chloride.
		Other names include: choline chloride succinate, suxamethonium chloride, choline succinate dichloride, Anectine chloride, Scoline chloride, Lysthenon, Midazine, Quelicin chloride, Sucostrin chloride, Ultra pal chloride, Succicuran.
	www.innvista.com /health/nutrition/vitamins/bletters.htm (1088 words)

	Sodium Chloride, Sodium Chloride Manufacturers Suppliers Exporters
		Dealers of acetic acid glacial, copper sulphate, chromic acid, Sodium di chromate, ethyl acetate, Sodium sulphite, Sodium meta bi sulphite, basic chromium sulphate, calcium Chloride, potassium meta bi sulphite and potassium bi sulphite.
		urea, hydrated lime, copper sulphate, Sodium silico fluoride and ammonium Chloride.
		Manufacturers of hexachloroethane, benzyl Chloride, methoxy ethoxy methyl Chloride, lasamide, ketamine hcl, epirubicin hcl, fluticasone propionate, Sodium warfarin and oxybutinin Chloride.
	www.indianindustry.com /minerals/10386.html (1558 words)

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