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Topic: Swabian language

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	Swabian German - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Swabian (Schwäbisch) is one of the Alemannic dialects of High German, spoken in the region of Swabia.
		Swabian is also spoken by part of the German minorities in Hungary, former Yugoslavia, Romania, and the former Soviet Union.
		Swabian is difficult to understand for speakers of Standard German.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Swabian_language (355 words)

	Dutch language - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		Dutch is an official language of the Netherlands, Belgium, Suriname, Aruba, and the Netherlands Antilles.
		Standaardnederlands or Algemeen Nederlands ('Common Dutch', abbreviated to AN) is the standard language as taught in schools and used by authorities in the Netherlands, Flanders, Suriname and the Netherlands Antilles.
		Afrikaans, a language spoken in South Africa and Namibia, is derived primarily from 17th century Dutch dialects, and a great deal of mutual intelligibility still exists.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/d/u/t/Dutch_language.html (4255 words)

	Unspun
		It assumes that the languages and dialects are descended from a common ancestor language or protolanguage.
		When the language of a group of people (usually conquerors) is superimposed upon and ultimately displaces the language of the autochthonous people in any given area, some habits or features characteristic of the indigenous language are retained and transferred to the new language as spoken by the indigenous people.
		The result is that the native languages are negatively-impacted, while the officially-sanctioned language is positively-impacted both by law and, later, by the fact that it is the language of the well-educated.
	www.unspun.us /writings/langcon.html (3235 words)

	Nation, The Nation as a Speech Community
		Moreover, it does not matter whether the designation of the language is older than that of the people or is derived from the latter; once it became the designation of the language, it is what became decisive for the further development of the use of this expression.
		The dialects from which the Slovak language was formed are extraordinarily close to the dialects of the Czech language, and it is not difficult for a rural Slovak who knows only his own dialect to communicate with Czechs, especially Moravians, when the latter speak in their dialect.
		The English language, it is asserted, is used by two nations, the English and the Americans; and this alone shows that it is inadmissible to seek the criterion of nationality in language alone.
	www.mises.org /nsande/pt1ich1.asp (4107 words)

	Etnikai-Nemzeti Kisebbségkutató Intézet - Magyar Tudományos Akadémia
		Swabian inhabitants of these villages clearly stated that one of the symbols of their ethnic community was speaking Swabian.
		Swabian language had no prestige and they perceived of it as being of no use as a dead language with a very limited vocabulary.
		Mihok (1990) points out that the cause of language assimilation is a consequence of changes in the socio-economic surroundings and of modernisation: to be able to take part in the economic, political and cultural life of Hungary, to be able to survive as citizens, linguistic assimilation was a necessary and compelling requirement.
	www.mtaki.hu /docs/bindorffer_gyorgyi_double_identity.html (6115 words)

	Nation and Nationality - Mises Institute
		It becomes the language of the higher-placed and more educated persons; it becomes the language of state and culture;[10] it appears finally as the sole correct and noble language; the dialects from which it has arisen, however, are thenceforth regarded as inferior.
		The luster with which the school and the grammarians are accustomed to surround the standard language, the respect they pay to its rules, and the contempt they show for anyone who sins against these rules cause the relation between the standard language and the dialect to appear in a false light.
		The relation between standard language and dialect is not always that of unequivocal association or indeed of superiority and inferiority, and the circumstances of linguistic history and grammar are not alone decisive in that respect.
	www.mises.org /story/2413 (7544 words)

	German Language - MSN Encarta
		German belongs to the Netherlandic-German group within the western branch of the Germanic languages, a subfamily of the Indo-European languages.
		Another characteristic of German, as well as of all the Germanic languages, is that the principal accent falls regularly upon the first syllable of a word; in verbal combinations, however, the root syllable, not the prefix, is stressed.
		German is an inflected language, with three genders, four cases, and a strong and weak declension of qualifying adjectives.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761567950/German_Language.html (630 words)

	Rescribe: German Translation Notes
		The German Language is spoken by 98 million people as a first language, and by over 121 million people in total.
		It is the official language of Germany, Austria, and Liechtenstein, and is one of the three official languages of Switzerland.
		The German language is in the midst of an orthographic reform (Rechtschreibreform).
	www.rescribe.com /german_translation.html (516 words)

	MIND Exchange
		I call language 'trade'...as a courtesy to Information Theory (which is the most dumb subjective lunacy ever accepted in science!)...although I replace it in my own calculations with data theory which is imoperical...ie weighting each peivce of compexity as data, and so library-ing it.
		puregrace: Chamoru or Chamorro is a language native to the Marianas Islands in the Pacific.
		Language is dynamic and evolving by nature and trying to bolster ones academia by defining the multitude of differences even between regions is more suited the classroom than the real world.
	www.kurzweilai.net /mindx/show_thread.php?rootID=34198 (2821 words)

	Glogon
		The loyalty of the Swabians went to the Habsburgs, who were primarily responsible for freeing the land from the Ottoman Empire, and for organizing the resettlement program.
		The Swabians were the largest minority group in Hungary, and some, particularly in the cities, became assimilated to the point of changing their family names to Magyarized versions.
		At this time, most Swabians were not politically aware or nationality-conscious, and they were proud of their children who had moved to urban areas and found success via Magyarization.
	home.att.net /~patersi/glogon3.html (3034 words)

	[No title]
		But the Swabian (German) language was already spreading among the population, and this language gradually prevailed.
		From all this mixture the Slovenian language arose...
		In fact, it was nearly the same language as that of the Vends or Veneti, who at that time were not yet individuated as a pre-historic people.
	www.carantha.net /bavaria__and_its_origin_m.htm (3490 words)

	Sicilian Peoples: The Swabians - Best of Sicily Magazine - Swabians in Sicilian History
		In 1200, Sicily was a multicultural kingdom; by the end of the Swabian era a half-century later it was an essentially "European" one.
		It was during the Swabian period that the Sicilian language later recognized by Dante and then Boccaccio truly evolved.
		Indeed, Swabian rule generally appears not to have been appreciated either by the nobility or the other classes.
	www.bestofsicily.com /mag/art174.htm (1540 words)

	May Fest
		No other language was spoken, for 99 percent of the guests were Swabian and showed the greatest interest for the Swabian skits and food.
		Because the May festival was mostly generated from ·the Swabian spirit and language, it was usually known as the "Schwabische Majowka.
		During the celebration of the 300 year anniversary of the house of Romanov and its presence in government, we presented Shisnj Sa Zarja (The Life of the Czars) and were bestowed with great applause and a special praise and recognition from the school authority.
	www.icehouse.net /debbie/html/may_fest.html (1040 words)

	Dutch language information - Search.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The present Dutch standard language is largely based on Low Franconian dialects spoken in the Low Countries deriving from Old Frankish, the language of the Franks.
		Dutch is the language of government, education, and, to varying extents, daily life in Flanders, the Northern part of Belgium.
		Moreover, and especially in Belgium, the difference between the standard language and the language people speak (their local dialect or, more often, a version of the standard language heavily influenced by it) can be very important and cause difficulties.
	c10-ss-1-lb.cnet.com /reference/Dutch_language (5868 words)

	Swabian League. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		association of Swabian cities and other powers in SW Germany for the protection of trade and for regional peace.
		The Swabian League of 1488–1534 is the best known of the long series dating from the 14th cent.
		Later attempts by Charles V to restore the Swabian League failed.
	www.bartleby.com /65/sw/SwabianL.html (233 words)

	Taormina History - Normans and Swabians (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The pre-existing official language - a mixture of Greek with Arab language- changed and the common language got rich of new lexical acquisitions, syntactic and phonetic.
		It was then that the so-called vernacular language began to be speaked.
		The swabian dominion, however, didn't last for a lot of time, also for the hostility of the papacy.
	www.cormorano.net /taormina/english/swabians.htm (315 words)

	yourDictionary.com.Comprehensive and Authoritative Language Portal
		There are 6,800 known languages spoken in the 200 countries of the world.
		New languages and dictionaries are constantly being added to yourDictionary.com; as a result, we have the widest and deepest set of dictionaries, grammars, and other language resources on the web.
		If you cannot find the language resources you want on line, yourDictionary now offers 25,000 language resources on tape, video, CD ROM, and in traditional book form for children and adults in cooperation with WorldLanguage.
	www.yourdictionary.com /languages.html (177 words)

	"History of German Settlements in Southern Hungary" by Sue Clarkson
		Although they came from various regions and spoke various dialects, the Hungarians called them Swabians, and the name came to be used in reference to all of the Germans who settled in the Danube valley.
		The city of Ulm, in the Swabian region of the German states, was a common point of departure.
		Since the formation of the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary in 1867 under the Habsburg ruler, Franz Joseph, the Swabian peasants of the Banat had enjoyed a period of economic prosperity due to the thriving agricultural economy of the region.
	feefhs.org /banat/bhistory.html (3775 words)

	Swabian
		Swabian (Suebian, Swaebisch) is the language spoken in the area.
		Since this area, of what was then Hungary was so heavily settled by German speaking people, the Hungarians began to refer to all the settlers as "Swabian." And since the major route into the Banat for these settlers was the river Danube, they eventually became Danube Swabians.
		Even today, there are many of their descendants that still cook the ethnic foods and maintain the holiday traditions of their ancestors.
	web.quipo.it /minola/swabian/swabian_intro.htm (207 words)

	Dutch - Language Directory
		The dialects of Dutch spoken in Belgium are often referred to as Flemish and sometimes thought of as a separate language though seldom by its speakers.
		The present Dutch standard language is largely derived from Low Franconian dialects spoken in the Low Countries that must have reached a separate identity no later than about AD 600.
		Since it did not experience the High German consonant shift, it is sometimes classed as a Low Germanic language, and indeed it is most closely related to the Low German dialects of Northern Germany.
	language-directory.50webs.com /languages/dutch.htm (1821 words)

	DIALECTS AND HIGH GERMAN
		Earlier this century, according to linguists, there were nearly four dozen distinct dialects of the language in use, and that was before the fine points of local variation were taken into account.
		The state of German's dialects was the topic of discussion among the more than 500 linguists from 26 nations who turned out recently (March 12-14) for the Institute for the German Language's annual meeting, held this year in Mannheim (Baden-Württemberg).
		Peter Wiesinger, a Vienna-based specialist in the German language, noted that this development is also tied to the relative "prestige" of dialects.
	www.serve.com /shea/germusa/dialects.htm (1186 words)

	A-DICTAM translations - Translators database - Useful Links
		Search for language courses in the country where they are spoken.
		Introduction to the Aymara language, a native language spoken in parts of South America, and information about the Aymara history and culture.
		If you are searching for quality Spanish language schools, IMAC is recognized as one of the finest in Latin America.
	www.a-dictam.com /database/links/links2.htm (1082 words)

	Study Abroad Language learn foreign immersion STUDY ABROAD
		The school is recognized by the Italian Ministry of Education, is an educational group based in Italy with a network around the world.
		Since 1976, it has offered people the opportunity to learn the Italian language and to experience our quality and enthusiasm of our professional teachers, excellent accommodation and the overall care and services provided for our students are the keys to our commitment and success.
		Visiting Ortigia is like a historical journey among Free temples and Christian churches, Swabian, Aragonese and Baroque buildings, courtyards, Arabian alleyways, workshops, modest houses and bigger state buildings as well as beautiful squares.
	www.languageliaison.com /City.htm?007700=3124 (612 words)

	Learn a Language
		English is a West Germanic language which is the dominant language in the United Kingdom, the United States, many Commonwealth nations including Australia, Canada, Malta, New Zealand and other former British colonies.
		It is also an important or official language in many countries formerly under British or American rule, such as India, Nigeria and the Philippines.
		It has lingua franca status in many parts of the world, due to the military, economic, scientific, political and cultural influence of the British Empire in the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries and that of the United States from the early 20th century to the present.
	www.gabiscott.com (451 words)

	Mini dictionaries of German dialects on Flickr - Photo Sharing! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Dictionaries this size for the andquot;standardandquot; languages could be found in several bookstores; but only Bücher Pustet had them for German dialects.
		The best thing about these are the facts-pages strewn throughout: how Swabian people stereotypically behave, necessarily short discussions on local cuisine and of course where the morphology and syntax differs from standard German.
		Dictionaries this size for the "standard" languages could be found in several bookstores; but only Bücher Pustet had them for German dialects.
	www.flickr.com /photos/kaleissin/148172138 (208 words)

	German - Language Directory
		Belongs to the Netherlandic-German group within the western branch of the Germanic languages, a subfamily of the Indo-European languages.
		These variants of the Latin alphabet are very different from the serif or sans serif typefaces used today, and are difficult for the untrained to read.
		When Martin Luther translated the Bible (the New Testament in 1521 and the Old Testament in 1534) he based his translation mainly on this already developed language, which was the most widely understood language at this time.
	language-directory.50webs.com /languages/german.htm (1077 words)

	Alsatian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Though not readily intelligible to speakers of standard German, it is closely related to other nearby Alemannic dialects, such as Swiss German, Swabian, and Badisch with French influences.
		It is often confused with the Frankish language, a more distantly related German Western Franconian dialect.
		As the constitution of the Fifth Republic states that French is the language of the Republic, no regional language is granted any official status in France.
	ultimatelanguagestore.com /alsatian?b=1 (163 words)

	Danube Schwaben Foundation
		The Danube-Swabian Foundation is active from coast to coast in providing financial and moral support for our Danube-Swabian youth to enable them to participate in national and international amateur athletic competition.
		The Danube-Swabian Foundation’s long-range goal is to establish and maintain a national Danube Swabian Cultural Center in the United States.
		The Danube-Swabian Foundation is incorporated in the State of Wisconsin and organized exclusively for charitable, religious, educational and scientific purposes under Section 501 c(3) of the Internal Revenue code.
	www.donau.org /danube_schwaben_foundation.htm (362 words)

	Cameron Monie
		It is more simply difficult for her to speak the prestige dialect, but that is merely because Swabian was her primary spoken language during that infamous critical period during which language becomes ingrained.
		Unfortunately, many of the dialects are outside of the ‘space' of a High German speaker, that built-in tolerance for language quirks that don't stick to a standard.
		You heard in Judith's transcription about the gradual erosion of Swabian after she visited Germany and could tell the difference between her speech and the speech of the next generation.
	www.unc.edu /~noblitt/fall2005/cameronm.htm (2164 words)

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