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Topic: Sweden and the Great Northern War

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Sweden and the Great Nordic War

Rise of Sweden as a Great Power

Great Northern War

History of Sweden

Swedish Empire

Hats (party)

List of Swedish wars

Foundation of Modern Sweden

Treaty of Stockholm (Great Northern War)

Industrialization of Sweden

Dominions of Sweden

Sweden and the Winter War

Caps (party)

Sweden proper

Charles XII of Sweden

	Sweden and the Great Northern War - Biocrawler
		By the Treaty of Nystad Sweden ceded to Russia Ingria and Estonia, Livonia, the Finnish province of Kexholm and Viborg Castle.
		It was not the least of Sweden's misfortunes after the Great Northern War that the new constitution, which was to compensate her for all her past sacrifices, should contain within it the elements of many of her future calamities.
		Sweden's particular geographical position made her virtually invulnerable for six months out of the twelve, her Pomeranian possessions afforded her an easy ingress into the very heart of the moribund empire, while her Finnish frontier was not many leagues from the Russian capital.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Age_of_Liberty_in_Sweden (0 words)

	::The Great Northern War::
		The Great Northern War was fought between Sweden's Charles XII and a coalition lead by Peter the Great.
		By the end of the war, Sweden had lost her supremacy as the leading power in the Baltic region and was replaced by Peter the Great's Russia.
		The Great Northern War had a number of distinct phases: 1700 to 1706; 1707 to 1709; 1709 to 1714; 1714 to 1718 and 1718 to 1721.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /great_northern_war.htm (0 words)

	Dominions of Sweden - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Livonia was conquered from Poland by 1629 in the Polish War.
		By the Treaty of Oliva between Poland and Sweden in 1660 following the Northern Wars the Polish king renounced all claims to the Swedish throne and Livonia was formally ceded to Sweden.
		Sweden received the German town of Wismar with the surrounding countryside in the Peace of Westphalia (1648).
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Dominions_of_Sweden (778 words)

	Sweden HISTORY
		Sweden at first was militarily successful, but after a crushing defeat by Russian forces under Peter the Great (Peter I) in 1709 at the Battle of Poltava, the nation lost territories to Russia, Prussia, and Hannover.
		Sweden served as a haven for refugees from the Nazis, allowed the Danish resistance movement to operate on its soil, and sent volunteers to assist Finland's fight against the Russians.
		Sweden supported the UN Security Council Resolution(1441) calling on Iraq to disarm itself of weapons of mass destruction, but it did not openly break with anti-war leaders France and Germany in the pre-war international diplomatic conflict over the use of military force to disarm Iraq.
	www.nationsencyclopedia.com /Europe/Sweden-HISTORY.html (1798 words)

	Britain.tv Wikipedia - Sweden
		The 17th century saw the rise of Sweden as one of the Great Powers in Europe, because of successful participation, initiated by King Gustav II Adolph, in the Thirty Years' War and by Charles X Gustav of Sweden in the The Deluge of Poland.
		Sweden was also known to be the first western nation to detect unusually high radiation levels in the atmosphere, which later was confirmed to have been the residual nuclear fallout from the Chernobyl accident.
		Sweden is known for having an even distribution of income, with a Gini coefficient at 0.21 in 2001 (one of the most even income distributions in the industrialized world).
	www.britain.tv /wikipedia.php?title=Sweden (6851 words)

	h. Scandinavia. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		Finland's population did not increase substantially until after the Great Northern War (See 1700–1721), but then growth seemed to be closely tied to the availability of land (by 1750 about 420,000 and by 1800 about 833,000).
		Sweden controlled Finland but was challenged by Russia in the 18th century, finally relinquishing control in 1809.
		Sweden received the provinces of Skåne, Halland, Blekinge, Bohuslän, Trondheim (Norway), and the island of Bornholm.
	www.bartleby.com /67/761.html (767 words)

	Short History of the Great Northern War
		During the 30-years war Sweden had became a great power and it occupied large territories in Livonia and Estonia along the Baltic coast and in Finland.
		Peter the Great built his new capital of Saint Petersburg on the newly conquered Baltic coast during the war, calling it his 'window on the west' from where trade, war and diplomacy could be conducted.
		Great Britain was not called Great to reflect its growing power as most people think but to distinguish it from Brittany in France, one being Greater Britain and the other Lesser Britain.
	www.colonization.biz /scenario/1700his.htm (1360 words)

	Sweden Resource Center - nudist colonies sweden
		It is bordered by Norway on the west, Finland on the northeast, the Skagerrak stockholm sweden Strait and the Kattegat Strait on the southwest, and the Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Bothnia on the east.
		As a reaction to the failed Great Northern War, Parliamentarism was introduced in 1719, followed by three different flavours of Constitutional Monarchy in 1772, 1789 and 1809, the latter nudism in sweden granting several civil liberties.
		In the south of Sweden leaf-bearing trees airline tickets to sweden are prolific, in the north pines and hardy birches dominate the landscape.
	www.taxgloss.com /Tax-Banks_P_-_S-/Sweden.html (4330 words)

	Sweden Information Center - nudist colonies sweden
		It is bordered by gotland sweden Norway on the west, Finland on the northeast, the Skagerrak Strait sweden stamps and the Kattegat Strait on the southwest, and the Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Bothnia on the east.
		With the Christianization in the 12th century, the stockholm sweden country became consolidated, with its centre at the water-ways of the northern Baltic and the Gulf of Finland.
		In the south of Sweden leaf-bearing trees are prolific, in the north pines and hardy birches dominate the landscape.
	www.scipeeps.com /Sci-Official_Languages_P_-_S/Sweden.html (4266 words)

	Sweden ~ Stephen's Web ~ by Stephen Downes
		Sweden's Imperial status during this period is largely credited to Gustav I's major changes on the Swedish economy in the mid-1500s, and his introduction of Protestantism.
		Sweden is surrounded by Norway (west), Finland (northeast), the Skagerrak, Kattegat and Ã—resund straits (southwest) and the Baltic Sea (east).
		The highest population density is in the Ã—resund region in southern Sweden, and in the valley of lake MÃ¤laren in central Sweden.
	www.downes.ca /cgi-bin/page.cgi?topic=120 (0 words)

	Age of Liberty - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		By the Treaty of Nystad Sweden ceded to Russia Ingria and Estonia, Livonia, the Finnish province of Kexholm and Viborg Castle.
		It was not the least of Sweden's misfortunes after the Great Northern War that the new constitution, which was to compensate her for all her past sacrifices, should contain within it the elements of many of her future calamities.
		Sweden's particular geographical position made her virtually invulnerable for six months out of the twelve, her Pomeranian possessions afforded her an easy ingress into the very heart of the moribund empire, while her Finnish frontier was not many leagues from the Russian capital.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sweden_after_the_Great_Northern_War (2846 words)

	Sweden, Russia and the Great Northern War
		In November 1709, Frederick IV of Denmark invaded Sweden with 16,000 troops, overrunning the towns of Malmö and Lund, and in February they were driven back to Denmark, Sweden's successful defense impressing the rest of Europe.
		And opposition was growing also to the continuation of war, spurred by Charles' decree of raised taxes as the public's contribution to the war effort - a tax to be paid by nobles, high-ranking officers in the military and high ranking members of the bureaucracy.
		Sweden's industrial sector remained small, but in 1731 new factories were founded with support from the state, especially in textiles, which, in urban areas such as Norrköping and Stockholm, began employing between 13,000 and 14,000 people.
	www.fsmitha.com /h3/h30-sw.htm (0 words)

	RUSSO-TURKISH WARS, (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In 1710, Peter again went to war with Turkey as a result of the latter’s support of Sweden during the Great Northern War (1700–21), but a Russian campaign in Moldavia ended in disaster, and the Turks recovered Azov in the Treaty of the Pruth (1711).
		In the first war (1768–74), Russian armies won major victories in Moldavia, Wallachia, and the Crimea, and a Russian fleet sailed from the Baltic to the Mediterranean, where it destroyed the Ottoman fleet at Chesme in June 1770.
		Turkey declared war in 1787 but was again defeated and forced, in the Treaty of Jassy (1792), to cede Ochakov and the Black Sea coast between the Bug and the Dnestr.
	www.history.com /encyclopedia.do?vendorId=FWNE.fw..ru086600.a#FWNE.fw..ru086600.a (1305 words)

	Sweden
		The Finnish border is moved east and Sweden's possession of Estonia is recognized by Russia in the peace of Teusina.
		The disputed northern border with Denmark-Norway is settled in a treaty 1751.
		Sweden is drawn in to the Napoleonic wars and loses Finland to Russia.
	www.tacitus.nu /historical-atlas/scandinavia/sweden.htm (0 words)

	Great Northern War information - Search.com
		The Great Northern War was the war fought between a coalition of Russia, Denmark-Norway and Saxony-Poland (from 1715 also Prussia and Hanover) on one side and Sweden on the other side from 1700 to 1721.
		However, Sweden was unable to support and maintain her army when the war was prolonged and the costs of warfare could not be passed to occupied countries.
		In 1617 Sweden's gains in the Treaty of Stolbovo had deprived Russia of direct access to the Baltic Sea, and internal strife during much of the first half of the 1600s meant that they were never in a position to challenge Sweden for these gains.
	www.search.com /reference/Great_Northern_War (0 words)

	Snapshot of Europe: Sweden
		Sweden has a low population density in all but its metropolitan areas, with most of the inland consisting of large peaceful forests and mountainous wilderness.
		Sweden was first mentioned in the 1st century, by Roman historian Tacitus, who wrote that the Suiones lived out in the sea and were powerful in both arms and ships.
		With the Christianization in the 12th century, the country was consolidated, with its center at the water-ways of the northern Baltic and the Gulf of Finland.
	www.sheppardsoftware.com /Europeweb/snapshot/Snapshot-Europe40.htm (0 words)

	Northern War
		During the 30-years war Sweden had became a great power and it occuppied large territories in Livonia and Estonia along the Baltic coast and in Finland.
		Russia, at the beginning of Peter the Great's reign, was territorially a huge power, but with no access to the Black Sea, or to the Baltic Sea, and to win such an outlet became the main goal of Peter's foreign policy.
		Peter formed a great alliance with Saxony / Poland (Poland was at that time joined in a Union with Saxony) and Denmark, which started the Northern War in 1700.
	www.hyperhistory.com /online_n2/civil_n2/histscript6_n2/northern.html (0 words)

	Sweden - History
		Sweden, as well as the adjacent country Norway, has a high concentration of petroglyphs (ristningar or hällristningar in Swedish) throughout the country, with the highest concentration in the province of Bohuslän.
		Although the young Swedish King Charles XII won spectacular victories in the early years of the Great Northern War, his plan to attack Moscow and force Russia into peace proved too ambitious; he was shot during the siege of Frederiksten fortress in Norway in 1718.
		Sweden's predominantly agricultural economy shifted gradually from village to private farm-based agriculture during the Industrial Revolution, but this change failed to bring economic and social improvements commensurate with the rate of population growth.
	www.sweden-knowledge.com /History-3.html (751 words)

	Tour Scandinavia
		Sweden expanded during the 16th and 17th centuries, achieving empire from 1611 to 1718, an apex enjoyed by king Charles X Gustav.
		The peace treaties of 1719 to 1721 shrank Sweden's overseas possessions to Finland and a few other lands, and signaled that Russia was now the strongest power in the Baltic region.
		Sweden lost Finland to Russia, and most of its wealth to the Napoleonic Wars of 1803 to 1815.
	www.ronaldbrucemeyer.com /archive/scan2.htm (1081 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for 1700 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It arose chiefly from the desire of the neighbors of Sweden to break Swedish supremacy in the Baltic area, and from the conflicting ambitions...
		Northern War, Great (1700–21) Conflict in n Europe between Sweden and its neighbours.
		Sweden's expansion in the Baltic Sea coastlands antagonized Russia, Denmark-Norway, and Saxony-Poland, which formed an anti-Swedish coalition in 1698.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=1700 (714 words)

	History
		However, Sweden was, except for some small iron works and the copper mine at Falun, a purely agrarian country based on a natural economy, and lacked the resources to maintain its position as a great power in the long run.
		After its defeat in the Great Northern War (1700—21) against the combined forces of Denmark, Poland and Russia, Sweden lost most of its provinces on the other side of the Baltic Sea and was reduced to largely the same frontiers as present-day Sweden and Finland.
		After the death of the warrior king Karl XII in 1718 and Sweden’s defeat in the Great Northern War, the Swedish Parliament (the Riksdag) and council were strong enough to introduce a new constitution which abolished royal absolutism and placed power in the hands of Parliament.
	www.swedenlife.8k.com /custom3.html (3309 words)

	Russia & the Great Northern War
		Peter the Great (1672-1725) became Tsar in 1682 at the age of ten years, but in the same year he was forced to share the tsardom with his negligible half-brother Ivan V. Family tree]
		Sweden's control of the ports of the Eastern Baltic meant that Russian goods exported to Europe were subject to Swedish customs and tolls.
		Charles XII of Sweden was only fourteen years old when he acceded to the throne in 1697, but he immediately commenced an aggressive assertion of personal and national power.
	history.wisc.edu /sommerville/351/351-152.htm (1864 words)

	Charles XII of Sweden Summary
		The Northern War was ended during the reign of his successor, his sister Ulrica Leonora.
		These battles were part of the Great Northern War, and many of them were fought against Peter the Great, Emperor of Russia.
		Denmark's defeat, however, and Sweden's ensuing rise to prominence in the Baltic region was viewed suspiciously by two other powerful neighbors, King August II of Poland (cousin to both Charles XII and Frederick IV of Denmark) and Peter the Great of Russia.
	www.bookrags.com /Charles_XII_of_Sweden (2341 words)

	PETER THE GREAT MEMORIAL (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Peter the Great or Peter I (1672-1725), czar of Russia (1682-1725), whose military campaigns and modernization efforts transformed Russia into an empire to be reckoned with in European affairs.
		Although the Great Northern War (1700-21) that ensued began inauspiciously for him, with a devastating setback at Narva (1700), he went on to win one of the greatest military victories in Russian history at the Battle of Poltava in 1709.
		By the terms of the Treaty of Nystadt (1721) that concluded the war, Russia gained control of a considerable area of the Baltic littoral, later called the Baltic Provinces.
	sangha.net /messengers/peter-the-great.htm (539 words)

	A short history of Latvia
		Poland's successes during the Livonian Wars (1558-83) unite the Latvian-populated duchies of Pardaugava, Kurzeme and Zemgale, but the Polish-Swedish War (1600-29) grants Sweden acquisition of Riga and the Pardaugava, minus Latgale, leaving Latvia again split ethnically.
		In turn, victory over Sweden in the Great Northern War (1700-21) gives Russia control over Livonia.
		At the end of World War I, in the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk of 1918, Russia cedes Estonia, Livonia and Courland to Germany.
	www.electionworld.org /history/latvia.htm (0 words)

	EUROPE IN THE 18TH CENTURY (Site not responding. Last check: )
		From the end of the Great Northern War (1721) until the end of the World War I (1918), the five “Great Powers” of Europe were Great Britain (England before 1707), France, Austria (the Habsburg Empire), Prussia (united Germany after 1871), and Russia.
		Defeat of Sweden in the Great Northern War (1700-1721) made Russia the new power on the southeastern Baltic.
		Weakened seriously by the wars of Louis XIV (1652-1714) whose major objective was to gain the mouth of the Rhine in the Netherlands; Netherlands went into decline after War of Spanish Succession (1701-1714).
	rbvhs.vusd.k12.ca.us /teachers/roswell/apeuro/unit4/docs/Europe_18thCentury.htm (1028 words)

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