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Topic: Swedish Solar Telescope

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	Telescope - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Telescopes used for non-astronomical purposes are often referred to as theodolites, transits, spotting scopes, monoculars, binoculars, camera lenses, microscopes or spyglasses.
		Radio telescopes are often operated in pairs, or larger groups to synthesize large "virtual" apertures that are similar in size to the separation between the telescopes: see aperture synthesis.
		The telescope was aimed by the aid of a Foucault sidérostat, which is a movable plane mirror with a 2 m diameter, mounted in a large cast-iron frame.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Telescope (1990 words)

	Solar
		Solar and Heliospheric Observatory The Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) is a NASA.
		Solar hot water Using the sun to heat water A collector is placed on the roof of a structure, and water is pumped throug...
		Solar plexus The solar plexus, also known as the celiac plexus or plexus cliacus, is an autonomous cluster of nerve c...
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/solar.html (1138 words)

	Articles - Dutch Open Telescope (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Dutch Open Telescope (DOT), located on Roque de los Muchachos Observatory, La Palma (near the Swedish Solar Telescope), is an optical solar telescope with a main mirror of 45 centimeter and can reach an 0.2 arcsec resolution for sustained periods.
		Conventional telescope designs have the problem that hot air from the ground (which is hotter due to solar heating) is blown up along the tower, and this causes air with different temperatures to blow along the telescope, which degrades the image.
		The optical part of the telescope is mounted 2 meters in front of the main mirror, and to prevent blurred images, the camera's are mounted very rigidly and can move with a precision of microns.
	www.1-helmets.com /articles/Dutch_Open_Telescope (496 words)

	The Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope
		In addition to the atmospheric effects, solar telescopes suffer from heating by sunlight of the optics and the air within the telescope tube.
		Modern solar telescopes are either vacuum telescopes, filled with helium or use careful control of the optic's temperature to reduce heating of the air in the telescope.
		Because the SST allows either direct use of the singlet lens to form an image or lets the light pass through a corrector of the Schupmann type, it cannot be described completely as a Schupmann telescope.
	www.solarphysics.kva.se /NatureNov2002/telescope_eng.html (1512 words)

	UCAR Staff Notes: HIAPER work reaches pivotal stage
		They include the one-meter Swedish Solar Telescope that is capturing unprecedented images from a site on the Canary Islands; the Solar B project, which will place a suite of instruments in a Sun-synchronous orbit around Earth next year, and a coronal multichannel polarimeter being developed by HAO to examine magnetic fields in the corona.
		The balloon-mounted telescope is expected to capture images as small as 40 kilometers across, compared to 90 kilometers for the Swedish telescope.
		The telescope's angle must remain within 15 arc seconds, or 1/240th of a degree—no small feat on a soaring balloon that will be twisting in flight.
	www.ucar.edu /communications/staffnotes/0402/hao.html (1003 words)

	SCHOTT AG - SCHOTT Info - Issues - SCHOTT Info 106 - Tracking the
		One task of the new telescope is to examine the origin of the dark cores that occur in some of the thin filaments surrounding the centers of the sunspots.
		Another fundamental difference between night-time telescopes and solar telescopes is the fact that the latter suffer not only under the influence of the Earth’s atmosphere, but also under the sun’s extreme heat.
		A solar telescope with a 1.7-meter mirror made from “Zerodur” is set to be built at the Big Bear Solar Observatory (BBSO) in California by the year 2006.
	www.schott.com /magazine/english/info106/si106_07_sun-telescope.html (1038 words)

	Zooming in on the sun
		A new solar telescope on the peak of La Palma in the Canary Islands is taking the sharpest-ever pictures of the Sun's surface.
		Solar physicist Rob Rutten (Utrecht University, the Netherlands) believes these images have finally resolved the penumbral filaments completely - in other words, that there are none smaller to be found.
		Some solar astronomers had instead expected the filaments to be fractal in nature, with finer and finer ones appearing at ever-smaller scales.
	www.govertschilling.nl /artikelen/sky_telescope/030201b_st.htm (587 words)

	Access: Here Comes the Sun
		Solar granulation as seen in radiation emerging from the surface.
		The middle panel is the simulation mosaic filtered with the point spread function of the telescope and Earth's atmosphere.
		The bottom panel is an actual observation from a Swedish solar telescope.
	www.ncsa.uiuc.edu /News/Access/Stories/solar/HereComesSun2.html (331 words)

	Swedish Solar Telescope (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Swedish Solar Telescope (or SST) is a 1m telescope on La Palma in the Canary Islands.
		The SST is a vacuum telescope - meaning that it is evacuated internally to avoid disruption of the image from air inside.
		This is a particular problem with solar telescopes because of the heating from the large amounts of light collected being passed on to any air causing image degradation.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/swedish_solar_telescope (183 words)

	Astronomy Picture of the Day 11-14-02
		Just released, the picture was made using the Swedish Solar Telescope now in its first year of operation on the Canary Island of La Palma.
		Recorded on 15 July 2002, the sunspot shown is the largest of the group of sunspots cataloged as solar active region AR 10030.
		Solar surface temperature: 10,400 F. Sunspots are on average 1500 F cooler.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/chat/788579/posts (378 words)

	Refracting telescope (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A refracting or refractor telescope is a type of optical telescope which refracts light at each end using lenses.
		While initially the most common type of telescope, these are today used primarily by amateur astronomers and solar astronomers, and have been supplanted in professional night-time astronomy by reflecting telescopes.
		Vacuum solar telescopes such as the Swedish Solar Telescope often use the vacuum entrance window as a lens, and are thus refractor telescopes.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/R/Refracting-telescope.htm (416 words)

	Laser Focus World - SOLAR ASTRONOMY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The telescope`s primary mirror is made of Cervit, with an aperture of 45 cm and a focal length of 2 m.
		By contrast, the National Solar Observatory (NSO) vacuum telescope at Sacramento Peak, NM, is 76 cm, and the newest French and Italian telescope on Tenerife, Canary Islands, is 90 cm.
		Solar astronomers aim to achieve a resolution of 0.1 arcsec, which corresponds to 70 km on the surface of the sun.
	lfw.pennnet.com /Articles/Article_Display.cfm?Article_ID=26057&CFID=76122&CFTOKEN=88568101 (884 words)

	Partnerships around the world
		German researchers at several institutes, including the Max Planck Institute for Aeronomy, are building the telescope, creating its tracking and alignment system, providing optics and mechanisms for the polarimetric spectrograph, and designing a filtergraph for high-resolution images in the visible and ultraviolet spectral ranges.
		Images from the 1-meter Swedish Solar Telescope in the Canary Islands, for example, have been dazzling the scientific community by showing, for the first time, the three-dimensional structure of the Sun’s photosphere, as well as small sunspots that traverse what appear to be raised ridges.
		The balloon-mounted telescope is expected to capture images as small as 40 kilometers (25 miles), compared to 90 km (56 mi) for the Swedish telescope.
	www.ucar.edu /communications/international/europe.html (1048 words)

	Results - Structure and Dynamics of Solar Atmosphere
		The resulting global horizontal flows, obtained for the period of solar minimum, have dominant zonal and weaker meridional components and are consistent with time-dependent differential rotation of the Sun.
		The large-scale dynamical characteristics of the solar corona, photosphere, and chromosphere were studied.
		For the solar corona, a magneto-dynamic model of coronal magnetic structures was constructed to transform current-free fields into force-free fields due to the large-scale horizontal velocities transporting magnetic flux in the photosphere.
	www.asu.cas.cz /~sdsa/results.html (1046 words)

	Solar Terrain: Revealing the sun's complex topography: Science News Online, June 28, 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		By training the telescope on the edge of the sun, the researchers depicted the three-dimensional topographies of the granules, which last 6 to 10 minutes.
		It's most frenzied during the so-called solar maximum, when the sun is mottled with dark sunspots—regions of intense magnetic force that lie like vast potholes on the sun's surface.
		This is a surprise, Berger says, because most solar physicists model the faculae as tubes sunken into the solar surface.
	www.sciencenews.org /20030628/fob3.asp (550 words)

	Solar Granulation Poster
		The solar surface consists mostly of an irregular cellular pattern caused by the temperature variations in the surface.
		They are the connections to the solar surface of the huge structures seen about the surface in the solar corona in X-rays and over the solar limb during eclipses.
		The telescope is a 50 cm refractor with an altitude-azimuth system of mirrors that sends light down a vacuum-sealed tube to an observing room with an array of scientific instruments.
	solar-center.stanford.edu /hidden-pic/poster.html (758 words)

	Cyberpunks.Org - Technology, Privacy, Security, and the Future
		The new, Swedish solar telescope, while earth-based, is even better than space-based SOHO WRT resolution, and promises better images and thus better science all round.
		The pictures were taken with academy’s recently installed solar telescope at La Palma, in the Canary Islands off the coast of Africa.
		Telescopes are put in space partly to overcome the blurring effects of Earth’s atmosphere.
	www.cyberpunks.org /display/832/article (908 words)

	Facts On The Refracting Telescope (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In a refracting telescope, the objective lens is the larger of the two lenses.
		The original telescope at the observatory is a 36-in.
		In the refracting telescope, or refractor, light is bent, or refracted,...
	www.thetelescoperesource.com /9/facts-on-the-refracting-telescope.html (395 words)

	Solar Physics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Monitoring of solar activity, participation in the international GONG project for helioseismology and conducting research on magnetic field induced solar activity, helioseismology and space weather are the major tasks of USO.
		Currently, a detailed study on the feasibility of installing a modern solar telescope with adaptive optics capability is underway.
		Once launched from the solar surface, a high speed CME tends to increase the ram pressure exerted by the solar wind on the earth's magnetosphere.
	www.prl.ernet.in /~library/solar_physics.htm (1565 words)

	Swedish solar telescope bursts dream barrier
		The first pictures from the new Swedish solar telescope on La Palma, Canary Islands, are presented in an article in the prestigious science journal Nature from November 14.
		The impact of this discovery is now capturing the attention of solar researchers, and it won't be long before new and revised theories are formulated.
		The solar telescope was designed and built in Sweden and is run by the Institute for Solar Research at the Royal Academy of Science.
	www.brightsurf.com /news/nov_02/EU_news_111802.html (268 words)

	NASA Awards Pasachoff Research Grant (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The proposal also includes observations with another space telescope, this one on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, which is orbiting a million kilometers away from Earth in the direction of the sun.
		Its solar telescope was built under the supervision of Leon Golub at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, with whom Pasachoff is co-author of books about the sun published by Harvard University Press and Cambridge University Press.
		Daniel Seaton '01, now a graduate student in solar physics at the University of New Hampshire, worked for Golub at the Center for Astrophysics for two years, during which he made some preliminary data reduction of existing TRACE observations of spicules which were included in the proposal.
	www.williams.edu /admin/news/releases.php?id=661 (412 words)

	CNN.com - Best sun pictures ever show new solar features - Nov. 18, 2002
		The new Swedish solar telescope in the Canary Islands documented previously unknown sunspot traits.
		The pictures were taken by a new Swedish telescope on the Canary Island of La Palma, one of the best places on Earth to view the sun.
		The SOHO satellite has closely monitored the sun and solar weather with an array of instruments and cameras since its launch in 1995.
	archives.cnn.com /2002/TECH/space/11/18/solar.pix (530 words)

	Solar physics: Spot check (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The 1-metre solar telescope at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences' observatory on the Canary Island of La Palma, installed in spring of this year, is providing astronomers with images of sunspots showing unprecedented detail.
		Here, fundamental physical processes are occurring in the solar photosphere on scales of less than 100 km–a challenging phenomenon for theoreticians to tussle with.
		These high-resolution measurements herald the quality of data to be expected from a new generation of solar telescopes.
	www.nature.com /nature/links/021114/021114-6.html (142 words)

	High Resolution in Solar Physics: Penumbral and Photospheric Features (movies)
		Observations were performed at the Swedish Vacuum Solar Telescope (La Palma) in July 1999.
		A total of 2564 images (46 arcsec × 75 arcsec) were corrected for telescope aberrations and turbulence perturbations by applying the inversion method of phase diversity.
		The Swedish* Vacuum Solar Telescope was operated on the island of La Palma by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias.
	www.iac.es /proyect/solarhr/movies2.html (469 words)

	APOD: 2004 June 10 - Venus at the Edge (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Swedish Solar Telescope located on La Palma in the Canary Islands.
		For the Institute for Solar Physics, Dan Kiselman, Goran Scharmer, Kai Langhans, and Peter Dettori were at the telescope, while Mats Lofdahl produced the final image.
		Excellent movies of the transit - including one of the emergence of Venus' atmospheric aureole - are available from the Dutch Open Telescope, also observing from La Palma.
	antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov /apod/ap040610.html (192 words)

	Solar spicules (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Numerical models and high-resolution observations from the new 1-metre Swedish Solar Telescope on La Palma and NASA's TRACE satellite now show that spicules are caused by shock waves formed when sound waves at the solar surface penetrate through a damping zone and leak into the solar atmosphere.
		With their origins revealed, it will be possible to study whether and how the mass that spicules carry into the corona contributes to the solar wind.
		Solar chromospheric spicules from the leakage of photospheric oscillations and flows
	www.nature.com /nature/links/040729/040729-1.html (157 words)

	Annular eclipse 03.10.05: Images
		At the Swedish Solar Telescope at La Palma, Canary Islands two scientists from Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics (ITA) followed the eclipse with the 1-meter solar telescope.
		The telescope has a lens with a 1-meter diameter and vacuum in the telescope tube to reduce disturbances of the images as far as possible.
		The solar limb (the edge to the right) and the lunar limb (the edge to the left).
	www.astro.uio.no /ita/nyheter/form_1005/images_lapalma_031005.html (347 words)

	ROYAC Solar Group in Stockholm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The telescope parts arrived in the harbour of Santa Cruz de La Palma on October 13.
		Apart from solar studies, it will be used for high-resolution observations of other solar-system objects such as the planet Mercury.
		The telescope parts being manufactured at Svenska Bearing AB in Gothenburg.
	www.astro.su.se /groups/solar/NSST/nsst.html (254 words)

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