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Topic: Swedish Voluntary Air Force (Winter War)

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Winter War

Finnish 6th Division (Winter War)

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Battle of Suomussalmi

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Paavo Talvela

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Mannerheim Cross

Finnish Infantry Division Generic Organisation

	Winter War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The relationship between the Soviet Union and Finland was tense and frosty—both the two periods of forced russification at the turn of the century, and the legacy of the failed socialist rebellion in Finland contributed to a strong mutual distrust.
		This partial healing of the wounds and rifts after the Civil War in Finland (1918), and Finland's language strife, is still referred to as "the Spirit of the Winter War," although it should also be noted that many communists were not allowed to fight in Finland's conscription army because of their political background.
		The Swedish Cabinet also decided to reject repeated pleas from the Finns for regular Swedish troops to be deployed in Finland, and in the end the Swedes also made it clear that their support in arms and munitions could not be maintained for much longer.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Winter_War (3475 words)

	Eighth Air Force Historial Society
		Air power in the European phase of this war reached a stage of full adolescence, a stage marked by rapid development in planes, armament, equipment, tactics and concepts of strategic employment, and by an extraordinary increase in the effort allocated to it by all the major contestants.
		The air force was, primarily, an arm of the blitzkrieg.
		The casualty effects of air action are shown by the fact that the proportion of wounded to killed shifted from a ratio of eight to one in 1940 and 1941 to a ratio of three to one in 1944 and 1945.
	www.8thafhs.org /survey.htm (12179 words)

	Air Defence in Northern Europe 5
		Air surveillance was well organized, but the sparse telephone network caused delays which badly hampered ground control for fighter interception and fire control for the air defence artillery.
		They added to the Winter War formation tactics and shooting accuracy a vertical energy-speed maneuver which was very effective against their main adversaries of that time, the I-153 Chaikas and I-16 Ratas, which were more agile but a little slower.
		During the trench war it was the anti-aircraft artillery in Kotka and Helsinki that was under the heaviest pressure, and a system employing a control center with target acquisition and a controlled barrage firing technique was developed in both cities.
	www.saunalahti.fi /~fta/finland2.htm (2154 words)

	Winter War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Although the Winter War typically is considered a military disaster for the Soviet Union, and indicative of an inherent weakness in the Soviet system, it may be noted that even the German Wehrmacht, as it would become apparent in 1941, was simply not prepared for offensive winter warfare.
		Maybe most significant was the Swedish Voluntary Air Force, in action from January 7, with 12 fighters, 5 bombers, and 8 other planes, amounting to a third of the Swedish Air Force of that time.
		The Swedish Volunteer Corps with 8,402 men in Finland, and with the only common volunteers who had finished training before the war ended, started to relieve five Finnish battalions at Märkäjärvi in mid-February.
	www.pineville.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Winter_War (2978 words)

	Aviation Wings and Badges of WW2 - Swedish Air Force (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Swedish military aviation was born with the introduction to the Army of balloon observation during the late 1800s, and the first powered military aircraft were introduced around 1910.
		The Swedish wood-and-metal fighter FFVS J 22 (constructed and built during the war, first flown in 1942), together with the dive-bomber SAAB 17 (first flown in 1940) and the medium bomber SAAB 18 (first flown in 1942) were all successful Swedish-built military aircraft of WWII.
		Even though the separate aviation units of the Army and the Navy were united in the Swedish Air Force in 1926, the combat roles of Army-related liaison and reconnaissance aviation as well as Naval reconnaissance and sea rescue continued to be executed by flight units closely affiliated with the Army and the Navy respectively.
	www.ww2wings.com /wings/sweden/swedenmain.shtml (2078 words)

	WINTER WAR FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Winter War typically is considered a military disaster for the Soviet Union, and indicative of an inherent weakness in the Soviet system.
		A certain improvised petrol_bomb adapted from the Spanish_Civil_War was used with great success, and gained fame as the ''Molotov_cocktail.'' The conditions of the winter 1939/40 were harsh; temperatures of -40Â°C were not unusual, and the Finns were able to use this to their advantage.
		Perhaps most significant was the Swedish Voluntary Air Force, in action from January_7, with 12 fighters, 5 bombers, and 8 other planes, amounting to a third of the Swedish Air Force of that time.
	www.witwib.com /Winter_War (3187 words)

	The Finnish Air Defense in the Winter War
		The Finnish Air Defense in the Winter War
		The Finnish Air Defense was consisted of the Air Force, the Antiaircraft Forces and the Air Surveillance troops.
		Early in the war (and later also), the changes in the front-lines led to the closure of the Uusikirkko, Loimola and Suomussalmi air surveillance areas, but the equipment was moved to tighten the air surveillance net by establishing new ones, and by strengthening existing ones.
	www.winterwar.com /forces/FINairdefence.htm (1927 words)

	virtualpilots.fi: Sotahistoriaa
		The purpose of the Pilvenveikot association is to unite the war pilots and to cherish the heritage of a Finnish pilot.
		The Swedish Pilvenveikot member Thure Hansson was recalling the Winter War times and presented the Emblem of the Swedish Air Force to the Pilvenveikot on behalf of the commander of the Swedish Air Force major general Mats Nilsson.
		The Pilvenveikot keep in touch with the Swedish Squadron F21 from Luleå which continue the tradition of the voluntary Squadron F19 which was responsible for the Northern Finland's air defence during the Winter War and with the German "die Vereinigung der Flieger deutscher Streitkäfte".
	www.virtualpilots.fi /hist/WW2History-Pilvenveikot25years.html (6183 words)

	virtualpilots.fi: Sotahistoriaa
		The Hungarian military pilot was one of many foreign volunteers fighting in the Winter War, and one of the few who were true to their word and served in the front.
		The Air Warfare School Guild's annual meeting and celebration was arranged at the Air Force Air Warfare School at Kauhava in May 24th-25th, 2003.
		On Saturday, March 3rd, Air Force war veterans from Oulu were invited to enjoy the hospitality of the younger aviation enthusiasts.
	www.virtualpilots.fi /en/hist (7832 words)

	The Finnish Air Force and Antiaircraft defense in Winter War
		The Finnish Air Force and Antiaircraft defense in Winter War
		The Finnish Air Defense was consisted of the Air Force, the anti-aircraft forces and the air surveillance troops.
		At the start of the war, the air force had in it's stocks 3,9 million litres of fuel.
	www.winterwar.com /Numbers/FINairdefence.htm (1715 words)

	J 8 - Gloster Gladiator
		The Swedish Air Force purchased in 1936-37 three batches of totally 55 Gladiators, intended for the fighter wing, F 8, at Barkaby near Stockholm.
		Another squadron, equipped with 12 J8A’s was detached to the voluntary Wing F 19 in Finland.
		Note the blue swastika, the symbol of the Finnish Air Force until 1945.
	www.avrosys.nu /aircraft/Jakt/108J8.htm (215 words)

	FINNISH ARMY 1918 - 1945: RIFLES PART VI
		During Winter War Mauser M/96 were used to arm Finnish troops located to northern Finland.
		Swedish 6,5 mm x 55 cartridge is well known for its good ballistics, but unfortunately it seems that all ammunition used with them in Finland was old Swedish M/94 ball-ammunition and its Finnish made copy.
		When Continuation War started M/38 rifles were mainly issued to non-frontline troops like artillery, air-defence, supply units and even to civilians of villages close to eastern border, however some unfortunate infantry units got them.
	www.jaegerplatoon.net /RIFLES6.htm (1882 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		From the beginning of the war, the Soviet Union had a dummy government (so-called Terijoki government), but already by the end of January a treaty with Finland was agreed dissolving this would-be government.
		In the winter of 1940-41, officer visits were held between Germany and Finland, and in May, the Germans mentioned their planned invasion of the Soviet Union.
		On June 25 the Soviet military forces bombed fifteen targets, and the Finnish Prime Minister announced that Finland was in war against the Soviet Union.
	www.aktivist.fi /inenglish/s.html (7913 words)

	MODERN WORLD OF WESTERN CIVILIZATION: Prejudice and Pride, Peace and War - ACT III (From 1921)
		The high cost of the war, both in terms of human life and money, made the work of the conference difficult, and it is not surprising that the resulting treaties have long since been the subject of contentious analysis, opinion and debate.
		Viewed internally, on the other hand, the Spanish Civil War was the culmination of a prolonged period of national political unrest—unrest in a country that was increasingly polarized and repeatedly unable to ameliorate the conditions of terrible poverty in which millions of its citizens lived.
		War in the Southern and Southwestern Pacific, the Central and Northern Pacific, Eastern Asia.
	www.omnibusol.com /westernciv2.html (9150 words)

	United States Strategic Bombing Survey: Summary Report (European War)
		The 30 September 1945 edition of the Summary Report did not identify the publisher and place of publication.
		Presumably, these were the same as for the Summary Report for the Pacific War, i.e.
		This in itself is not conclusive, but the Survey has made detailed analysis of the course of production and trade in 10 German cities that were attacked during this
	www.anesi.com /ussbs02.htm (12330 words)

	World History :: Encyclopedia Index -- Sw (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Swedish National board of Appeal for Higher Education
		Swedish Union of Clerical and Technical Employees in Industry
		Swimming at the 2004 Summer Olympics - Men's 100 metre Backstroke
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/Sw.htm (482 words)

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