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Topic: Swedish Volunteer Corps (Winter War)

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	Wikipedia search result
		War was thus a consequence of their desire for military power and disdain for democracy.
		Vladimir Lenin asserted that imperialism was responsible for the war.
		However, with the defeat of the latter in the Polish-Ukrainian War and the failure of the Polish Kiev Offensive (1920) of the Polish-Soviet War, the Peace of Riga concluded in March 1921 between Poland and Bolsheviks left Ukraine divided again.
	feedbus.com /wikis/wikipedia.php?title=World_War_I (7968 words)

	The Swedish Volunteer Corps
		Of the Scandinavian volunteers able to reach Finland during the Winter War, 9,640 were Swedes, 1,010 Danes and 727 Norwegians.
		The volunteers demonstrated a strong Nordic unity that was symbolized in their insignia of the "four brother hands", representing Finland, Sweden, Norway and Denmark.
		Three surviving volunteers, Orvar Nilsson (Swedish), Birger Tidemand-Johnnessen (Norwegian) and Niels Tingsleff (Danish) will be present for the evening and are included in the program.
	www.colonialswedes.org /Headlines/SwedishVolunteer.html (177 words)

	Winter War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The conditions of the winter 1939/40 were harsh; temperatures of -40°C were not unusual, and the Finns were able to use this to their advantage.
		This partial healing of the wounds and rifts after the Civil War in Finland (1918), and Finland's language strife, is still referred to as "the Spirit of the Winter War," although it should also be noted that many communists were not allowed to fight in Finland's conscription army because of their political background.
		The Swedish Cabinet also decided to reject repeated pleas from the Finns for regular Swedish troops to be deployed in Finland, and in the end the Swedes also made it clear that their support in arms and munitions could not be maintained for much longer.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Winter_War (3532 words)

	Winter War biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The war was based on a bogus border incident - the so-called Shelling of Mainila where Soviet artillery fired on their own soldiers, blaming it on the Finns.
		The Swedish Volunteer Corps with 8,402 men in Finland, and with the only common volunteers who had finished training before the war ended, started to relieve five Finnish battalions at Märkäjärvi in mid-February.
		Although Sweden had not declared herself neutral in the Winter War, she was neutral in the war between France and Britain on one side and the Third Reich and the Soviet Union on the other.
	winter-war.biography.ms (2403 words)

	Dictionary of Meaning www.mauspfeil.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A certain improvised petrol bomb adapted from the Spanish Civil War was used with great success, and gained fame as the ''Molotov cocktail.'' The conditions of the winter 1939/40 were harsh; temperatures of -40Celsius °C were not unusual, and the Finns were able to use this to their advantage.
		The Swedish Cabinet also Sweden and the Winter War decided to reject repeated pleas from the Finns for regular Swedish troops to be deployed in Finland, and in the end the Swedes also made it clear that their support in arms and munitions could not be maintained for much longer.
		I disagree the significance of Winter War to the survival of Leningrad.
	www.mauspfeil.net /Winter_War.html (12210 words)

	Winter War - Military History Wiki
		After the Winter War, the Kremlin initiated the process of reinstating qualified officers and modernizing his forces, a fateful decision that would enable the Soviets to resist the German invasion.
		This partial healing of the wounds and rifts after the Civil War in Finland (1918), and Finland's language strife, is still referred to as "the Spirit of the Winter War," although it should also be noted that many communists were not allowed to fight in Finland's conscription army because of their political background.
		Although Sweden had not declared itself neutral in the Winter War, it was neutral in the war between France and Britain on one side and the Third Reich and the Soviet Union on the other.
	www.militaryhistorywiki.org /wiki/Winter_War (3585 words)

	Panay War
		However that means we have the war winning armies of the last year by mid 1940 and are beyond our real OTL limits by the end of 1941.
		War Department was told to revise the Bataan Redoubt to cover Metro Manila and Cavite as well.
		Pacific War in this TL was not the romp it was in OTL.
	www.changingthetimes.net /samples/darkvalley/panay_war.htm (12014 words)

	WWW.WAFFEN-SS.NO "SWEDEN: VOLUNTEERS OF THE WAFFEN-SS"
		History:-Hans-Casper Kreuger was a Swedish officer cadet who volunteered fot the Swedish battalions went to the aid of Finland during it's "Winter War" with the Soviet Union.
		Ledin and Alm had served in the Swedish volunteer corps during the "Winter War" in Finland and showed their medals to Finnish commander, who said they were "good boys" and released them, so they could continue back to Sweden.
		History:- Meyer's father was a professor at the University of Stockholm, volunteered for the Waffen-SS at the age of eighteen in 1941.
	www.waffen-ss.no /sweden.htm (4510 words)

	Winter War
		During the Winter War, the Finnish fighters normally dispersed in small numbers to auxiliary camouflaged airfields to avoid detection and attack on the ground.
		The primary Soviet bombers of the Winter War, the Tupolev SB-2, discussed earlier in conjunction with their service in Spain and the Far East, and the larger and slightly slower Ilyushin DB-3, were both relatively fast aircraft with twin radial engines.
		Even though the Finns did not have a very effective air-direction system during the Winter War, they were often able to receive engagement and sighting reports that were valuable in allowing them to concentrate their limited forces where they were most needed.
	www.sci.fi /~fta/winter-w.htm (4677 words)

	Research - Civil War Photos
		The War Between the States was the first large and prolonged conflict recorded by photography.
		During the war, dozens of photographers, both as private individuals and as employees of the Confederate and Union Governments, photographed civilians and civilian activities; military personnel, equipment, and activities; and the locations and aftermaths of battles.
		Winter quarters; soldiers in front of their wooden hut, "Pine Cottage." 111-B-256.
	www.archives.gov /research/civil-war/photos (2474 words)

	Märken & Utmärkelser för Svenska Frivilliga i Finland 1939-44 - Swedish Volunteers in Finland 1939-44 Decorations
		Actually, the first volunteers that were awarded with this clasp were instead those that had served at the Hangö-frontier in 1941.
		The clasp of the volunteer is manufactured from copper and measures 82 mm in lenght and breadth, and 28 mm vertically in height.
		The Cross was given to all Swedish Volunteers in both the Winter War and Continuation War.
	www.tjelvar.se /medals2.htm (498 words)

	The Finnish Winter War 1939-1940
		The other army corp of the Karelian Istmus Army was the III Army Corps (8th and 10th Divisions) commanded by Erik Heinrichs and deployed in the eastern Isthmus along the Vuoksi riverbend.
		By the end of February, a Swedish volunteer brigade was moved to the area and relieved the Finnish troops to be used elsewhere.
		At this moment the Swedish volunteers were united to the Finnish army as an independent unit and moved to Salla.
	www.feldgrau.com /wwar.html (7528 words)

	Encyclopedia: List of Finnish corps in the Winter War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		List of military corps — List of Finnish corps in the Winter War
		This is a list of Finnish army corps that existed during the Winter War.
		Swedish Volunteer Corps - Svenska Frivilligkåren, arrived in 1940
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/List-of-Finnish-corps-in-the-Winter-War (129 words)

	Axis History Factbook: Foreign volunteers in the Winter War
		The Volunteer Corps was formed in Finland, since the Swedish government felt they could not send volunteers over as a unit.
		The Volunteer Corps took over the front-line in the northern part of the front in Salla area on February 28th 1940 and thus saw two weeks of action.
		Apart from the Volunteer Corps and LeR 19 there were Swedes in an anti-aircraft unit defending the city of Turku, coastal artillery units, navy, field artillery and in a construction unit with the task of building fortifications.
	www.axishistory.com /index.php?id=6299 (1836 words)

	FMP - Sissi Battalions 1939 - 1943
		During the Winter War Sissi [Guerrilla] Battalion (Sissipataljoona, SP) was a lightened infantry battalion formed from the "additional personnel".
		Some of the battalions were suspended already before the end of the Winter War and their personnel was used in supplementing other units.
		Two of the battalions were suspended already in winter 1942 and their older personnel was disbanded and younger moved to other units.
	www.geocities.com /finnmilpge/fmp_sissip39_43.html (1011 words)

	Finland in WWII: background and timeline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Readiness for war was extremely low in Finland, not even uniforms could be dispatched to all units, there were no armor units and artillery lacked ammunition badly.
		Finland's aims of the war were to get back areas lost in the Winter War and to get good positions to negotiate peace if the Germans can't destroy the Soviet Union.
		The Army has 2 Corps, the VI and VII and Group O, which are composed of 5 divisions, 2 jaeger brigades and a cavalry brigade.
	personal.inet.fi /private/hovi.pages/sa-int/hist.html (5483 words)

	World War II casualties information - Search.com
		During the Winter war of 1939-40 the Swedish Volunteer Corps served alongside the Finns and lost 28 men in combat.
		The war dead listed here are those reported by G. Frumkin which included 20,000 military deaths in the Greco-Italian War of 1940-41, 60,000 civilians, 80,000 deportees and 140,000 famine deaths.
		Polish war dead include 5,150,000 victims of Nazi crimes against ethnic Poles and the Holocaust, the treatment of Polish citizens by occupiers included 350,000 deaths during the Soviet occupation in 1940-41 and about 100,000 Poles killed in 1943-44 during the massacres of Poles in Volhynia by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army.
	www.search.com /reference/World_War_II_casualties (4951 words)

	The casualties in the Winter War
		During Winter War, nearly all classes adopted an extraordinarily positive attitude towards the Church and religion in general.
		In many units, the front religiousness was a definite part of the "Spirit of the Winter War", which kept the men fighting against hopeless odds.
		This was made in September 14th 1940 (6 months after the war ended), according to the decision of a court of law.
	www.winterwar.com /War'sEnd/casualti.htm (1767 words)

	FINNISH ARMY 1918 - 1945: MACHINEGUNS PART 2
		Swedish M/14 machinegun was developed from Austrian 8 mm Schwarzlose M/07-12 machinegun and used Swedish 6,5 mm ammunition.
		After Civil War their most important user in Finland was Suojeluskunta (Finnish Civil Guard), for which they were transferred from bicycle troops and infantry of Finnish Army already in 1919.
		Soon after World War 2 those in worst shape were wrecked and by 1951 the number of MG-08 remaining warehoused for the Finnish military had dropped to 620.
	www.jaegerplatoon.net /MG2.htm (3216 words)

	F 19, the Swedish unit in Finland
		F 19, the Swedish unit in Finland during the Winter War
		On Dec 19:th, the Swedish Volunteer Corps formed an aviation unit, initially designated F101, consisting of a staff unit, fighter squadron, light bomber group, transport group and ground support unit.
		The lost Swedish aircraft were officially transferred to the Finnish government on Dec 16:th 1940 (at no cost).
	www.canit.se /~griffon/aviation/text/f19.htm (909 words)

	SASNET: Research
		In the twilight of the Cold War, the United States in the 1980’s spent millions of dollars to supply Afghan schoolchildren with textbooks filled with violent images and militant Islamic teachings, part of covert attempts to spur resistance to the Soviet occupation.
		The award presentation ceremony in the Swedish Parliament was held on 9 December 2004.
		Swedish researchers are kindly obliged to check the information given, and send a mail with corrections and/or additional information to the SASNET webmaster.
	www.sasnet.lu.se /research.html (11208 words)

	US Uniforms & Equipment, Weapons
		Both U.S. Navy and Marine Corps uniforms are highlighted, including officer and enlisted dress uniforms and insignia, combat and fatigue uniforms, camouflage, field gear and experimental equipment.
		The vast range of items with which the Americans went to war is fully reflected in text and illustrations of this encyclopedic volume.
		Also covered are the visor hats of the Navy, Marine Corps and other sea services including: officers visor hats, technical advisors, warrant, steward, and chief petty officers,female dress hats,academy and cadets, visor hat insignia, maritime service visor hats and insignia, Coast Guard visor hats and insignia, Marine Corps.
	stevenbaffa.tripod.com /bluemaxmilitaria/id39.html (3398 words)

	Harry Martinson
		Harry Martinson was born in Jämshög, in the southern Swedish province of Blekinge.
		The Soviet invasion of Finland in 1939 impelled him to enlist in the Swedish Volunteer Corps to fight for Finland.
		At that time he was one of the best-known writers in Sweden and once compalained to Eyvind Johnson that he received an average of 40 letters daily and ten poetry manuscripts weekly from aspiring writers.
	www.kirjasto.sci.fi /harrymar.htm (1392 words)

	Ice-Floe: Contributors A - Z (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Askold Bazhanov, a Kola Sami, was born in 1932 in the Murmansk region.
		At the date of this publication, she is moving to Mongolia to teach as a Peace Corps volunteer.
		Gevytvaal was born in 1930 in the northwest tundra of Chukotka.
	www.icefloepress.org /contriba-z.shtml (14108 words)

	Authors in War
		Authors in War Many of the authors that served in various real-life wars (and survived) wrote stories that are at least somewhat based on their own experiences.
		Harry Martinson, Swedish volunteer in Winter War (Verklighet Till Döds)
		The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/au/Authors_in_War.html (214 words)

	28 Feb History.
		With the end of the Cold War, NATO members approved the use of its military forces for peacekeeping mission in countries outside the alliance, and in 1994, agreed to enforce UN resolutions enacted to bring about an end to the bloody conflict in the former Yugoslavia.
		She won an Iron Cross, Second Class, for risking her life trying to cut British barrage-balloon cables (the balloons were unmanned blimps, tethered in one place, from which steel cables dangled so as to foul the wings and propellers of enemy aircraft).
		Throwing his moral weight into Britain's struggle in World War I, James became a British subject in 1915 and received the Order of Merit from King George V. Henry James's career was one of the longest, most productive, and most influential in US letters.
	www.safran-arts.com /42day/history/h4feb/h4feb28.html (10362 words)

	The
		During the 105 day Winter War, the enemy dropped about 100,000 bombs in 2,075 raids against 516 communities.
		during the Winter War, 9,640 were Swedes, 1,010 Danes and 727 Norwegians.
		The volunteers demonstrated a strong Nordic unity that was symbolized in their insignia of the “four brother hands”, representing
	www.finlandiafoundation.org /Winterwar/invite_021113.htm (129 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This was the farthest point that the Soviets reached in Kemijärvi sector during the Winter War.
		Soviets were stopped in fierce battle in the dark day of winter Lapland.
		Here fought the Swedish Volunteer Corps (SFK) in the latest weeks of the war.
	personal.inet.fi /private/hovi.pages/sa-int/joutsi.html (68 words)

	The American-Scandinavian Foundation
		the so-called Winter War, the enemy dropped about 100,000 bombs in a total of 2,075 raids against 516 communities.
		during the Winter War, 8,680 were Swedes; 1,010 Danes; and 727 Norwegians.
		A majority of them served in the SFK, Svenska Frivilligkåren (Swedish Volunteer Corps).
	www.finlandiafoundation.org /Winterwar/invite_021112.htm (134 words)

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		Undeclared Allied-Soviet War in Northern Russia During the Winter of 1918-19, Destruction of the Soviet 44th Motorized Rifle Division 1939-1940, and Nazi-Soviet Warfare During the Winter of 1941-42.
		This issue concentrates on the Dutch during the War of Austrian Successsion (1744-1748) and includes the Battle of Rocour (11 October 1746), Battle of Laffelt (2 July 1747), and the Siege of Bergen-op Zoom (1747).
	www.magweb.com /sample/wn051st.htm (6026 words)

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