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Topic: Swiss Confederation

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	3. The Swiss Confederation. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The confederation, at the beginning of the 16th century, was still a loose union of practically independent cantons, each sending two representatives to a federal diet.
		Swiss military prestige had reached its zenith in the latter part of the 15th century.
		Swiss mercenaries took an important part in the Italian expedition of Charles VIII and continued to form a crucial part of the French and Italian armies.
	www.bartleby.com /67/625.html (607 words)

	Switzerland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Swiss Confederation or Switzerland (Latin: Confoederatio Helvetica) is a landlocked federal republic in Europe, bordering Germany, France, Italy, Austria and Liechtenstein.
		However, Swiss law is gradually being adjusted to that of the EU and the government has signed a number of bilateral agreements with the European Union.
		On June 5, 2005, Swiss voters agreed, by a 55% majority, to join the Schengen treaty, a result that was welcomed by EU commentators as a sign of goodwill by a Switzerland that is traditionally perceived as isolationist.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Swiss_Confederation (2616 words)

	Switzerland article - Switzerland Europe Germany France Italy Austria Liechtenstein political - What-Means.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Swiss Confederation or Switzerland is a small landlocked federal state in central Europe, with neighbours Germany, France, Italy, Austria and Liechtenstein.
		The swiss victory in a war against the Suebian federation in 1499 amounted to a de facto independence from the Holy Roman Empire.
		The Swiss landscape is characterised by the Alps, a high mountain range running across the central-south of the country.
	www.what-means.com /encyclopedia/Swiss (1776 words)

	f. The Swiss Confederation. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Legacy of the Thirty Years' War: Despite the involvement of Swiss mercenaries, Swiss neutrality during the Thirty Years' War made Switzerland a center for refugees who, along with soldiers, brought the bubonic plague and other diseases into the country.
		Swiss neutrality also demanded a strong Swiss army, which the Swiss paid for partly through the Defensionale of Wyl (1647).
		SOCIETY: Swiss society reflected the diversity of Swiss cantons—divided by religion and geography.
	www.bartleby.com /67/748.html (727 words)

	2. The Swiss Confederation. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		Leopold of Austria, in an effort to crush the Swiss and punish them for support of Louis IV against the Habsburg Frederick the Handsome, was thoroughly beaten at Morgarten, a battle that began the brilliant career of the Swiss infantry in Europe.
		The terror that accompanied the spread of the Black Death to Swiss lands led to charges of witchcraft and to pogroms against those perceived as social outcasts, such as the Jews, who were accused of poisoning the wells.
		Conquest of the Thurgau from Austria gave the confederation a frontier on Lake Constance.
	www.bartleby.com /67/546.html (803 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Swiss Confederation is a small landlocked federal state in central Europe, with neighbours Germany, France, Italy, Austria and Liechtenstein.
		The Swiss climate is generally temperate, but it can vary greatly locally, from the harsh conditions on the high mountains to the pleasant mediterranean clime at Switzerland's southern tip.
		Although the Swiss are not pursuing full EU membership in the near term, in 1999 Bern and Brussels signed agreements to further liberalise trade ties.
	www.informationgenius.com /encyclopedia/s/sw/switzerland.html (1042 words)

	Swiss Genealogy on the Internet : Swiss history
		Swiss military prestige was brilliantly vindicated by the victories of Grandson and Murten over the Duke of Burgundy, Charles the Bold (1476).
		The Reformation split the Swiss Confederation into two camps, led respectively by a league of Catholic cantons (one third of the population) and the Protestant cities with their municipal rights.
		The antagonism between the Swiss Protestants and their Catholic neighbours in the German lands led to a sense of alienation from, and then to a gradual breach between the Confederation and the Empire, which was formalised in 1648 after the Thirty Years' War.
	www.eye.ch /swissgen/history.html (4071 words)

	soc.culture.swiss FAQ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Also note that Swiss genealogy is mostly discussed in the newsgroup soc.genealogy.german (don't be afraid of the ``german'' :-)) As a general advice, please consult the newsgroup news.announce.newusers and follow the discussion in soc.culture.swiss for some time before your first posting.
		In the late 60's, when Swiss private banks started to computerize their accounts, a lot of those dormant accounts (sometimes confidential numbered ones, known only by a few persons at the bank, maybe dead at that time) were probably discovered.
		March 1997 The Swiss Confederation announces the creation of a generic 7 billion SFr with an estimated 500 M yearly revenue whose beneficiaries will be any persecuted or otherwise minorized group, half of which going to Swiss people.
	www.faqs.org /faqs/swiss/faq (11998 words)

	Switzerland - Constitution
		The aim of the Confederation is to preserve the outward independence of the fatherland, to maintain internal peace and order, to protect the freedom and the rights of the confederates and to promote their common prosperity.
		The Confederation shall guarantee the Cantons their territory, their sovereignty within the limits set forth in Article 3, their constitutions, the freedom and the rights of the people, the constitutional rights of the citizens as well as the rights and prerogatives conferred upon the authorities by the people.
		(3) The Confederation is entitled to grant subsidies to the Cantons for the construction of penitentiaries, workhouses and reformatories and for penal reforms.
	www.basiclaw.net /Appendices/switzerland__constitution.htm (15253 words)

	President of the UN General Assembly: Statements
		The admission of the Swiss Confederation into the family of nations is of great significance, as it strengthens the universality of the United Nations and thus enhances its legitimacy and effectiveness.
		Moreover, it is the Swiss Confederation, which is the host country of the human rights section of the United Nations, especially the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and the Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees.
		I congratulate the Swiss Confederation and the United Nations on the admission of its 190th Member State and I am confident that this newly admitted Member State will contribute to the General Assembly and to the United Nations efforts in addressing the issues in international relations that lie ahead.
	www.un.org /ga/president/57/pages/speeches/statement021009c.htm (370 words)

	ThisNation.com--Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation
		1 The Confederation shall collect the necessary statistical data on the status and evolution of the population, the economy, the society, the territory, and the environment in Switzerland.
		The Confederation may support economically threatened regions and promote branches of the economy and professions, if the measures of self-help that can reasonably be expected are insufficient to ensure their existence.
		The Confederation shall be answerable for damage caused illegally by its organs in the exercise of their official activities.
	www.thisnation.com /library/switzerland.html (15641 words)

	PHR2004 - The Swiss Confederation (Switzerland) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In September 2003, the Swiss government commissioned a study on the feasibility of "upgrading" the Swiss passport with biometric identification tags.
		This should allow Swiss citizens to fulfill the requests introduced by the US government, requiring that from October 2004, every visitor without a visa would have to be able to present a passport with a biometric identity tag.
		The Swiss Departement of Justice and Police (EJPD) calls the SIS "a revolutionary step for police work." Collaboration in the EUROPOL will be "faster and more efficient than with Interpol." Other parts of the Schengen Convention cover the cross-border observation by national police forces and the exchange of police officers.
	www.privacyinternational.org /article.shtml?cmd[347]=x-347-83795 (7859 words)

	President of the Swiss Confederation Visits Lek
		His Excellency Joseph Deiss, President of the Swiss Confederation, together with the other members of the Swiss delegation who are on an official visit to Slovenia, visited Lek Pharmaceuticals today.
		The official delegation of the Swiss Confederation under the leadership of the President of the Swiss Confederation Mr.
		After touring the Development Center, the Swiss delegation attended a presentation of Lek's operations, where Metod Dragonja emphasized the importance of Lek and Novartis activities in the regions of Central and Eastern Europe, Southeastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States.
	www.lek.si /eng/media-room/press-releases/3469 (407 words)

	National labour law profile: The Swiss Confederation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The President of the Confederation is elected for one year by the Federal Parliament from amongst the members of the Federal Government.
		In this connection, Swiss law is therefore not in line with ILO Convention 158, to which Switzerland in any case is not a party.
		The Swiss Constitution generally prohibits all forms of discrimination based on origin, race, sex, age, language, social position, lifestyle, religious, philosophical and political persuasion or a person's physical, mental or psychological deficiencies.
	www.ilo.org /public/english/dialogue/ifpdial/ll/observatory/profiles/ch.htm (5749 words)

	Treaty with the Swiss Confederation
		Treaty of Friendship, Establishment and Commerce between Majesty the King of the Hawaiian Islands and the Swiss Confederation.
		Neither of time contracting parties shall exact on the importation, warehousing, transit or exportation of the products of the soil, or manufactures of the other, higher duties than those which are or may be imposed on the same articles, being the produce of the soil, or the manufactures of any other country.
		The import duties to be paid in the Hawaiian Islands on the products of Swiss origin or manufacture shall, therefore, be, as soon as this present treaty becomes in force, reduced to the rate accorded to time most favored nation, and levied by the same rule and under the same conditions.
	www.pixi.com /~kingdom/swiss1864.html (1134 words)

	PROTOCOL SWISS CONFEDERATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		To the Agreement between the Republic of India and the Swiss Confederation for the avoidance of double taxation with respect to taxes on income.
		At the signing of the Agreement concluded today between the Government of the Republic of India and the Swiss Federal Council for the avoidance of double taxation with respect to taxes on income, the undersigned have agreed upon the following additional provisions which shall from an integral part of the said Agreement.
		It is understood that the remuneration for furnishing of services covered by the sub-paragraph (1) of paragraph 2 shall be taxed according to Article 7 or, on request of the enterprise, according to the rests provided for in paragraph 2, sub-paragraph (a) of Article 12.
	www.namasthenri.com /doubletax/protocolswiss.html (328 words)

	kamouflage.net > Europe > Switzerland (Swiss Confederation) > index
		Introduced in 1993, the newest Swiss camouflage pattern lacks the strong red colour that was characteristic of Swiss Leibermuster
		In a time-honoured tradition, the Swiss Confederation continues to employ a 'citizen army', in which every able-bodied man is required to serve — although, since 1996, conscripts found fit for military service may apply to perform civil service, instead.
		The mission of the Swiss Armed Forces includes area security and defence, subsidiary operations to prevent and overcome mortal dangers, and contributions to international peacekeeping missions.
	www.kamouflage.net /camouflage/00162/en_index.php (357 words)

	_ birth confederation Switzerland guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Around 1220, the road over the great St Gotthard Pass was opened up for traffic, and those communities lying on the northern approaches to the pass – specifically Uri and Schwyz – suddenly took on massive importance to the imperial rulers further north.
		In response, a number of Swiss communities forged new partnerships, or renewed old ones, to give themselves a degree of protection against an uncertain future.
		It is expedient, but it nonetheless came to symbolize freedom to the Swiss.
	switzerland.isyours.com /e/guide/contexts/birth.html (450 words)

	SWISS CONFEDERATION
		The Swiss Delegation would like to thank the President of the Republic of South Africa and the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights for inviting us to attend this landmark conference and for the huge amount of preparatory work they have done.
		In Durban we are in a symbolic place, as South Africa has suffered under a particularly severe form of racism, the state-sponsored separation of the races known as apartheid.
		The Swiss government has therefore recently decided to adopt Article 14 of the International Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination, which guarantees that individuals can petition the UN Committee, thereby strengthening the rights of those concerned to institute proceedings.
	www.un.org /WCAR/statements/swisE.htm (1285 words)

	DTA Agreement Between Swiss Confederation & India
		WHEREAS the annexed Agreement between the Government of the republic of India and the government of the Swiss Confederation for the avoidance of double taxation with respect to taxes on income has entered into force on 29
		NOW, THEREFORE, in exercise of the powers conferred by section 90 of the Income Tax Act, (43 of 1961), the Central Government hereby directs that all the provisions of the said agreement shall be given effect to in the Union of India.
		Agreement between the Republic of India and the Swiss Confederation for the Avoidance of Double taxation with respect to Taxes on Income – The Government of the Republic of India and the Swiss Federal Council
	www.namasthenri.com /doubletax/mainswiss.html (187 words)

	Late Middle Ages, Knox - Tiimeline Switzerland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Timeline for the Swiss Confederation and related lands.
		Swiss defeat and kill Duke Leopold III of Austria at Sempach
		Swiss defeat Duke Albert III of Austria at Näfels
	history.boisestate.edu /hy309/timelineswitzerland.htm (180 words)

	CIA - The World Factbook -- Switzerland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Swiss Confederation was founded in 1291 as a defensive alliance among three cantons.
		Switzerland is a peaceful, prosperous, and stable modern market economy with low unemployment, a highly skilled labor force, and a per capita GDP larger than that of the big Western European economies.
		The Swiss in recent years have brought their economic practices largely into conformity with the EU's to enhance their international competitiveness.
	www.cia.gov /cia/publications/factbook/geos/sz.html (1154 words)

	Swiss Confederation on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Joseph Deiss, President of the Swiss Confederation and Federal Councillor of the Economy.
		From left to right, Ruth DREIFUSS President of the Swiss Confederation; Head of the Federal Department of Home Affairs and Mary ROBINSON UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Geneva.
		DAVOS, SWITZERLAND-- Joseph Deiss, President of the Swiss Confederation and Federal Councillor of the Economy, addresses the audience during the Welcome to the Annual Meeting 2004 of the World Economi
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/X/X-S1wissC1on.asp (353 words)

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