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	Politics of Switzerland - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Swiss Federal Council is a seven-member executive council ("cabinet") that heads the executive branch.
		The largely ceremonial President of the Swiss Confederation and Vice-President are elected by the Federal Assembly from among the members of the Federal Council for one-year terms that run concurrently.
		The Swiss Federal Constitution limits federal influence in the formulation of domestic policy and emphasizes the roles of private enterprise and cantonal government.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Politics_of_Switzerland (996 words)

	Swiss federal election, 2003 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Legislative elections in the Swiss Confederation were held on 19 October 2003.
		The losers were the parties of the centre-right, the Christian Democratic People's Party and the Free Democratic Party.
		In the aftermath of the elections Ruth Metzler-Arnold, one of the two Christian Democrats in the Federal Council was replaced by Christoph Blocher, the most influential politician in the Swiss People's Party.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Swiss_elections,_2003 (356 words)

	general elections in switzerland
		October the Swiss are being called to vote in a new National Council, the lower Chamber of Parliament and part of the State Council, the upper Chamber (forty one of the forty six members).
		The Swiss Democrats (SD), that was founded in 1961 under the name of Action National was positioned in the fight against immigration.
		Four Swiss in ten believe that the magic formula should be maintained, one third of the population would like a re-weighting towards the right (an additional seat for the Central Democratic Union at the expense of the Christian Democrat Party); the idea of weakening the Socialist Party was approved by 15% of interviewees only.
	www.robert-schuman.org /anglais/oee/suisse (2040 words)

	Direct Democracy In Switzerland Ch. 6-10
		The Swiss make occasional jokes about their parliament, particularly the lack of special qualification or expertise by some of its members, or the presence of "so many lawyers," though in fact there are fewer attorneys than in most democratic assemblies.
		In the Swiss system, to gain such a minor advantage, even in the short run, would be roughly as important as winning the right to speak first or last in a debate or to sit on the right or left side of the room in the legislature.
		The Swiss parliament consists of citizens who live not with separate members' pension and health plans, special entrances and parking places and other perks, but will in fact be back at their workplace living under the laws they have created within a few weeks.
	www.world-wide-democracy.net /SwissDD/SwissDD_6_10.html (22132 words)

	A2Z Languages: History and Government of Switzerland
		Between the years 1315 an 1388, the Swiss military inflicted a series of crushing defeats on the army of the Dukes of Austria, resulting in the growth of Switzerland from three to six cantons.
		The dividing controversy significantly reduced the Swiss influence in Europe and the Confederation was fortunate to survive a series of defeats.
		Swiss independence from the Holy Roman Empire was one of the results of the Peace of Westphalia (1648) that brought closure to the Thirty Years’ War, in which Switzerland had suffered greatly.
	www.a2zlanguages.com /switzerland/countryguide/history.htm (950 words)

	EFGP : Switzerland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The trilingual Swiss Green Party celebrated its 20th anniversary in May 2003, although many of the cantonal parties that form the Federation of the Swiss Greens were actually founded in the 1970s, especially in French-speaking Switzerland.
		In the meantime the Swiss Greens have established themselves as the fifth largest party in the country; the 4 bigger parties are presently represented in the national governing body (the Bundesrat).
		Although the Swiss Greens had the highest increase of votes of the middle-left parties, the big winner unfortunately was the right-wing People's Party, which with a gain of 11 seats has become the strongest party in Swiss history since 60 years, now holding 55 of the 200 seats in the Nationalrat.
	www.europeangreens.org /peopleandparties/members/switzerland.html (972 words)

	The History of Direct Democracy in Switzerland
		However, the Swiss peasants are generally thought to have enjoyed a wider range of rights and freedoms than existed in most contemporary societies; the fact that the population was armed and skilled in battle undoubtedly helped to mitigate the oppressive instincts of Swiss rulers.
		The Social Democrats won 23.5 percent of the vote and 41 seats; and the newly-formed Agrarians broke away from the Radical Democrats to win 15.3 percent of the vote and 30 seats in their first election.
		Although the rift between the Social Democrats and the governing parties gradually healed during the 1930s, it was not until 1943 that a Social Democrat was elected to the Federal Council by the legislature.
	www.athene.antenna.nl /MEDIATHEEK/KOBACH-1.html (18812 words)

	soc.culture.swiss FAQ
		Also note that Swiss genealogy is mostly discussed in the newsgroup soc.genealogy.german (don't be afraid of the ``german'' :-)) As a general advice, please consult the newsgroup news.announce.newusers and follow the discussion in soc.culture.swiss for some time before your first posting.
		In the late 60's, when Swiss private banks started to computerize their accounts, a lot of those dormant accounts (sometimes confidential numbered ones, known only by a few persons at the bank, maybe dead at that time) were probably discovered.
		March 1997 The Swiss Confederation announces the creation of a generic 7 billion SFr with an estimated 500 M yearly revenue whose beneficiaries will be any persecuted or otherwise minorized group, half of which going to Swiss people.
	www.faqs.org /faqs/swiss/faq (11998 words)

	soc.culture.swiss FAQ - faqs.org.ru
		Swiss and legal immigrants, holders of a permit) for that particular position.
		You have the same chances to find a job as swiss nationals, except if your activity requires a Swiss passport (quite rare) or if you are a MD (there is a huge amount of protectionism in medicine).
		Children born of unmarried parents may apply for ``facilitated Swiss citizenship'', provided that the father is Swiss and the child has been living is Switzerland or with his father for 1 year, and the child is under 22.
	faqs.org.ru /en/travel/swiss/faq-2.htm (4241 words)

	Lenin: Tasks of the Left Zimmerwaldists in the Swiss Social-Democratic Party
		It is therefore the task of the Left Zimmerwaldists in the Swiss Social-Democratic Party immediately and effectively to consolidate, their forces in order systematically to influence the party so that the Aarau Congress decision shall not remain a dead letter.
		The attitude of the Swiss Social-Democratic Party towards the bourgeois Swiss Government and towards all the Swiss bourgeois parties must be one of utter distrust.
		At the Berne (February 1917) Congress the Swiss Social-Democratic Party must not only unreservedly accept the Kienthal Conference decisions, but must also demand an immediate and complete organisational break with the International Socialist Bureau at The Hague, that bulwark of opportunism and social-patriotism, which are irreconcilably hostile to the interests of socialism.
	www.marxists.org /archive/lenin/works/1916/nov/15.htm (3533 words)

	IRR: Switzerland Extreme-Right politics
		In December the People's Party, along with the far-right Swiss Democrats began a campaign for a referendum on the Schengen Treaty and Dublin Accords which relate to security co-operation and labour agreement between the EU member states and Switzerland.
		Swiss authorities fear that sporting events, especially in football and ice-hockey, are being used by far-Right groups as recruiting grounds.
		The SVP is the only political party to endorse an initiative put forward by a group representing victims and their families to seek criminal reforms to allow for the lifelong incarceration for dangerous criminals and sex offenders.
	www.irr.org.uk /europebulletin/switzerland/extreme_right_politics (646 words)

	Swiss elections: End of political consensus?
		The Swiss Peoples Party, run by the billionaire industrialist owner of chemical plants and right-wing populist Christoph Blocher, will hold 55 of the 200 seats in the Swiss parliament and has thus taken over from the Social Democrats, which were the largest fraction until now.
		Traditionally, the composition of the National Council (i.e., the Swiss government) is not determined by the strongest party or a parliamentary coalition.
		While the Social Democrats always lent their support to political compromise, the right wing of the bourgeoisie is now threatening to revoke such “concordance” in order to push official politics to the right.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2003/nov2003/swit-n11.shtml (1517 words)

	WHKMLA : History of the Helvetic Republic, 1798-1803
		During the 1790es a number of Swiss, both political exiles and men within the country, called for the democratization of the old Swiss constitution.
		The old Swiss Confederation distinguished between member cantons and subject territories (not surprisingly, the voices for reform were the loudest in areas treated as subject territories).
		The Swiss communities suffered, in addition to destruction caused by the war, also by contributions they were forced to pay for the respective armies.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/italy/helvetic.html (858 words)

	<www.geocities.com/jimgreen3>
		The Swiss Democrats now hold only one seat in the National Assembly, but they maintain close ties with other radical right-wing groups, parties, and thinkers in Germany.
		The Swiss Democrats have always combined nationalist, anti-immigrant politics with ecological and social concerns.
		According to one 1998 study of the electoral support of the Swiss Democrats, protecting the environment was named as the third leading political issue for party sympathizers, after unemployment and law-and-order.
	www.geocities.com /jimgreen3/farrightgreens.html (1827 words)

	Swiss Vote Allows New EU Nations‘ Workers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		BERN, Switzerland - A majority of the Swiss electorate voted Sunday to allow citizens of the 10 new European Union member states to work in Switzerland, according to the final results of a national referendum.
		The result is a "huge opportunity," the Swiss Union of Arts and Professions said, adding that it would benefit the Swiss economy by giving access to new markets and a qualified work force.
		But Bernhard Hess, head of the Swiss Democrats one of the political parties to campaign against the initiative — said he was disappointed that the "no" campaign was unable to overcome misleading propaganda from supporters of the proposal.
	www.leadingthecharge.com /stories/news-0077183.html (305 words)

	The Swiss prescription & Light’s on, but nobody’s home
		Posturing by both Democrats and Republican Gov. Jim Douglas is little more than political theatrics designed to keep their supporters engaged while the rest of us are simply left to listen.
		Democratic leaders have their eyes on the projected $4.5 million clean energy fund — blood money derived from two sources: $2 million from the deal the Douglas administration cut with Entergy to support the uprate, and $2.5 million in annual revenue paid by Entergy in exchange for the Legislature’s thumbs-up on a waste storage plan.
		The Democrats may be preparing to gussy up a Faustian pact as environmentally sound energy planning, but until they identify a non-prejudicial funding source — one that does not threaten the health and economic well being of Vermonters — this is nothing more than politically correct, election-year rhetoric of the most irresponsible type.
	www.vermontguardian.com /commentary/012006/January6Editorials.shtml (820 words)

	BBC News \| Europe \| Big gains for Swiss right-wing
		Under the Swiss system of proportional representation the Social Democrats will still be the dominant party in parliament, closely followed by People's Party.
		The centre-right Radical Democrats is set to drop to third place with the right-wing party, the Christian Democrats, trailing in fourth.
		The Swiss President, Ruth Dreyfuss, called the result of the elections, with a turnout of less than 40%, a vote of discontent showing a lack of confidence.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/low/world/europe/483703.stm (464 words)

	Rightwing Party Wins Swiss Poll (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		GENEVA (AP)--The nationalist Swiss People's Party won the highest share of votes in parliamentary elections Sunday, state-owned Swiss television projected, after running a campaign that accused the government of being soft on crime and immigration.
		The Swiss People's Party has been gaining strength in recent years, warning that cherished Swiss values of independence and neutrality are being lost and evoking a supposed golden age when Switzerland had less crime and fewer foreigners.
		The Radical Democrats were in third place with a projected 16 percent, down from 19.9 percent four years ago.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1004152/posts (1887 words)

	Swiss Right Wing Win Challenges Political Stability (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		ZURICH (Reuters) - The Swiss right wing raced ahead in general elections on Sunday in a move which could unsettle the neutral nation's renowned political stability by rocking the foundations of the 44-year-old coalition government.
		Official results, due on Monday, are expected to confirm that voters scrambled to either end of the political spectrum, bolstering the SVP on the right and the SP and Greens on the left at the expense of the waning centrist parties.
		In the run-up to the vote, the Christian Democrats chose to adopt a broad political agenda, focussing on a range of lighter issues – to their detriment.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1004028/posts (3115 words)

	Anti-Semitism Worldwide 1999/2000 - Switzerland
		The president of the Swiss Democrats, Rudolf Keller, who stirred up controversy in 1998 by calling for a boycott of “all American and Jewish stores, restaurants and travel offers,” was not re-elected.
		Although membership of far right groups does not seem to be increasing, they claim to have reinforced their ideology with notions of a Jewish plot to bankrupt Swiss banks, of Jewish greed, of the Holocaust as a lie to get compensation and of immigration as a threat to the Aryan race.
		This revealing study was well received by the media and the general population, less so by the government, which issued a lukewarm statement, and not at all well by nationalists and wartime veterans, who constitute a small but vociferous minority.
	www.tau.ac.il /Anti-Semitism/asw99-2000/switzerland.htm (1925 words)

	Opponents of labour accord raise their voices (eng, NZZ Online)
		The committee argues that one of the main reasons for Switzerland's prosperity is that it has always decided for itself who may immigrate and work in the country, benefitting from its "generous" social institutions.
		This, it says, could change after the vote at a time when "more and more Swiss are losing their jobs to foreigners who are satisfied with lower wages".
		The Swiss Association of Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises and the Swiss Farmers' Association joined forces on Friday to support the treaty extension.
	www.nzz.ch /2005/07/10/eng/article5930088.html (460 words)

	Swiss Parliament Rejects Marijuana Legalization
		The center-left Social Democrats, led by Interior Minister Pascal Couchepin, noted in a press statement that the bill was defeated the same day parliament agreed to end a century-long ban on absinthe, a wormwood-based alcohol product notorious for its mind-bending qualities.
		And while Swiss officials expressed concern about differential enforcement of the marijuana laws in different cantons, Oomen saw the chance for progress as well as the danger of moving backwards.
		The Christian Democrats have announced plans for a parliamentary initiative to revise the law according the "four pillars" strategy of prevention, therapy, repression and harm reduction, but without the full legalization of marijuana.
	stopthedrugwar.org /chronicle/342/rejected.shtml (1221 words)

	Far right forces referendum on EU accord (eng, NZZ Online)
		According to a spokesman for the far-right Swiss Democrats, Rudolf Keller, it was easy to collect the signatures and 100,000 or more could have been obtained without any problem.
		The Swiss Democrats have been campaigning against the extension of the free movement of people, warning of mass immigration and the loss of jobs in Switzerland.
		On Thursday, opponents of the Schengen/Dublic accords with the EU on crime and asylum - led by the Swiss People's Party - are due to hand in signatures calling for another referendum.
	www.nzz.ch /2005/03/29/eng/article5637950.html (322 words)

	CBS News \| Swiss Vote Allows New EU Nations' Workers \| September 25, 2005 15:14:42
		If the measure had been rejected, it could have endangered a series of complex bilateral accords between Switzerland and the 25-nation bloc _ including deals in key areas of trade and transport.
		But Bernhard Hess, head of the Swiss Democrats _ one of the political parties to campaign against the initiative _ said he was disappointed that the "no" campaign was unable to overcome misleading propaganda from supporters of the proposal.
		Switzerland's system of direct democracy means that the people's consent is required on any major issue, including closer integration with the rest of Europe.
	www.cbsnews.com /stories/2005/09/25/ap/business/mainD8CRBTU03.shtml (643 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/sz.html Swiss Info: A collection of recent and past news for the country.
		http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/sz.html The Swiss Parliament: This site includes information about each legislative agenda that both councils of parliament plan to address during the coming session.
		http://www.parlament.ch/e/homepage.htm Federal Authorities and Federal Council: There were two websites, one for the bureaucracy of the Swiss executive and one for the seven member Federal Council.
	www.mnstate.edu /baumannp/Pol350/Assign/oshea.doc (282 words)

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