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Topic: Syllable length

Related Topics

foot unit of length

Orders of magnitude length

lengths of other orders of magnitude

focal length

Planck length

run length encoding

key lengths

Variable Length Intake Manifold

Cryptographic key length

coherence length

Optical path length

Unit of length

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	Syllable - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The syllable onset is the sound(s) occurring before the nucleus, and the syllable coda is the sound(s) occurring after the nucleus.
		A heavy syllable is one with a branching rime or a branching nucleus.
		Sometimes syllable length is also counted as a suprasegmental feature; for example, in most Germanic languages, long vowels may only exist with short consonants and vice versa.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Syllable (925 words)

	Vowel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		However, some languages allow sounds that wouldn't normally be classified as vowels to form the nucleus of a syllable, such as the sound of m in the English word prism, or the sound of r in the Czech word vrba (meaning "willow").
		In tonal languages, in most cases the tone of a syllable is carried by the vowel, meaning that the relative pitch or the pitch contour that marks the tone is superimposed on the vowel.
		Length or quantity refers to the abstracted duration of the vowel.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Vowel (2726 words)

	HLW: Word Forms: Units: Syllables
		Syllables are distinguished from one another in terms of the consonants and vowels that they consist of.
		Another property of syllables is their length (though this may amount to the same thing as vowel length).
		Finally syllables may differ from one another in their pitch, that is, the dimension that distinguishes musical notes from one another.
	www.indiana.edu /~hlw/PhonUnits/syllables.html (2917 words)

	Language and poetic metre
		The alternation of long and short syllables has been supported by the principle of isochrony, supposedly existing already in the Baltic-Finnic proto-language according to Kalevi Wiik, which declares all disyllabic feet to be of equal length, therefore the short syllable is generally followed by a long syllable and vice versa (Wiik 1995: 84).
		The distribution of syllables in line-end words in verses of standard length, and in lines restored as original forms of shortened lines (in shortened lines the occurring number of syllables is usually smaller by one).
		The results of the comparison of syllable duration (Ross, Lehiste 1996: 120-122) in at least one song confirm the hypothesis that duration in regilaul serves exclusively the function of expressing metrical accent, and even in a song where the deviance from quantity rules, which were originally organically connected with the metrical rhythm, is rather frequent.
	haldjas.folklore.ee /folklore/vol7/maripar.htm (5102 words)

	The relevance of a nonword repetition task to assess phonological short-term memory in individuals with Down syndrome
		Mean percentages of correct repetitions and standard deviations according to the nonword length and the consonant complexity in the sub-group of DS adolescents.
		Once the variance due to the nonwords' length has been controlled, the degree of wordlikeness still explains 39.69% of the variance of the repetition scores in the whole group (32.04% in the children sub-group, 29.94% in the adolescents sub-group and 33.87% in the adults sub-group).
		Nevertheless, repetition scores for three syllable nonwords are higher than repetition scores for four syllable nonwords (+7.30% for the whole group, +8.89% for the children, +8.57% for the adolescents and +5.00% for the adults).
	www.down-syndrome.info /library/periodicals/dsrp/06/2/076/DSRP-06-2-076-EN-GB.htm (3753 words)

	E-Intro to Old English - 2. Pronunciation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In class 1 weak verbs, the root syllable had formerly been followed by [i], which either disappeared or came to be spelled e, or [j], which usually disappeared; so c and g should generally be dotted at the ends of those syllables.
		In class 2 weak verbs, the root syllable had formerly been followed by a back vowel, even though that vowel often disappeared; so c and g at the ends of those root syllables should not be dotted.
		When the vowel of any syllable has undergone i-mutation, that is a sign that [i] or [j] once followed, and so c or g at the end of such a syllable should be dotted.
	www.wmich.edu /medieval/research/rawl/IOE/pronunciation.html (3575 words)

	now it is friday the tenth
		syllable poetry - one die determines how many words per line as well as maximum syllable length
		syllable poetry - the poet rolls a number X between one and six.
		if the poet rolls a six then there will be six words in every line: one one-syllable word, one two-syllable, one three, four, five, and one six-syllable word (in any order).
	www.spinelessbooks.com /teaching/1993assignment.html (1396 words)

	Pro Nunciation
		Accent falls on the penultimate syllable unless that syllable is short otherwise on the antepenultimate.
		The length of the antepenultimate syllable is irrelevant.
		Syllables are long if they contain a long vowel or a double vowel (diphthong) or if the vowel precedes two consonant sounds (including doubled consonants).
	members.fortunecity.com /kwhitefoot/ProNunciation.html (102 words)

	Mandarin Diphone Synthesis - Prosody (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Some method is required to determine word boundaries, so that syllable strings can be properly concatenated together to form words, and a TTS system can insert pauses of appropriate duration between words.
		The duration of each phoneme in Mandarin is related to its position in the syllable; whether is it initial, medial, or final.
		Syllable and word duration are affected by the number of syllables in a word, and the position of a given syllable in a word.
	www.shlrc.mq.edu.au /masters/students/raltwarg/di_pros.htm (775 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Remember: The syllable can be long even when its vowel is short: ar- gû- MEN -tum's second-to-last syllable is long because its vowel is followed by two consonants, N and T.
		The length of the third-to-last syllable does not matter since it receives the accent whether it is short or long, only on the basis of a short second-to-last syllable.
		Syllables are long if they contain a long vowel (often indicated by a macron or a circumflex mark above the letter): ser-vâ-re.
	www.harding.edu /USER/jmfortner/WWW/HIST385GENAccentLatinWord.htm (416 words)

	NON-NATIVE SPEAKERS AND THE RHYTHM OF ENGLISH (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Apart from Fry's work, some interesting studies have been done on the correlation of syllable length and stress in English, notably by Klatt (1975) who measured the length of segments in stressed and unstressed environments.
		To use syllable-timed rhythm is to give all syllables approximately equal length, as has already been pointed out.
		This failure to make a sufficient difference in length between the vowels in stressed and unstressed syllables is probably the basic cause of syllable-timed rhythm among non-native speakers of English.
	www.dtaylor6.fsnet.co.uk /rhythm.htm (3645 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The average length of syllables in a text is a good measure of performance of a hyphenation system.
		Indeed this length divided by two is the average stretch that will be imposed on a justified line --- with the important proviso that devation from the mean syllable length is negligible.
		The quality of the hyphenation is also dependant on the average word length and this is is chiefly a function of the language and of the nature of the text.
	www.math.utah.edu:8080 /tex-archive/languages/typingtex/tally.sty (1906 words)

	Ohio State University Department of Greek and Latin Summer Latin Workshop
		In other words, vowel length is an accurate term: it refers to the length of time that the vowel sound is held.
		If the next to the last syllable of a word (the "penultimate syllable") is long, then that syllable is accented.
		If the next to the last syllable is short, then you accent the syllable in front of it (the "antepenultimate syllable").
	omega.cohums.ohio-state.edu /latin/workshop/week1/pronunciation.htm (869 words)

	Timothy Steele - Introduction to Meter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A metrically unaccented syllable is conventionally noted with an “x,” a metrically accented syllable with a “/.” Lines are named with reference to their prevailing rhythm and number of feet.
		Hence some iambs may consist of two relatively light syllables (as long as the second still is heavier than the first) and other iambs may consist of two relatively weighty syllables (again, as long as the second still is heavier than the first).
		A third point—it’s related to and implicit in the second—is that we determine whether a syllable is metrically unaccented or accented by comparing it solely to the other syllable or syllables in the foot in which it appears.
	instructional1.calstatela.edu /tsteele/TSpage5/meter.html (3191 words)

	The effects of a short training in the use of a rehearsal strategy on memory for words and pictures in children with ...
		Means for each condition across word length were calculated for pre-training and post-training assessment scores and for the additional post-training measures which used words included in the training.
		Mean word span at each syllable length across conditions of presentation, response mode and time of measurement for each school group.
		Since the word length effect is generally considered as evidence of rehearsal occurring, this result possibly reflects an underlying difference in the levels of rehearsal used.
	www.down-syndrome.info /library/periodicals/dsrp/04/2/070/DSRP-04-2-070-EN-GB.htm (6134 words)

	No. of words in syllable length (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The number of syllables is counted by syllable separation program (written in rule base) which allows some types of final consonant to be a dependent syllable.
		And, the syllable mentioned here is a kind of surface syllable therefore, the compound syllable for a surface is counted as 1 syllable.
		There are a lot of topics for discussion in Thai syllable in the computational area.
	www.links.nectec.or.th /virach/ri2525/syllen.html (75 words)

	Ling 001 Creative Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		They then established a congruence between long and short syllables and patterns of long and short time-units in the musical meters of the period.
		For example, the English word classificatory is close to being ill-formed under the "correct" stress: primary on the first syllable, secondary on the tor syllable.
		Each strong position in the previous line is occupied by the stressed syllable of a content word; each weak position is occupied by a prosodically-weak function word, or by the unstressed syllable of a polysyllabic word.
	www.ling.upenn.edu /courses/Spring_2001/ling001/creative.html (2677 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A rehearsal of the evidence for and against this position lies beyond the scope of this study, but the reader is directed to the discussions in Allen[14] and Frankel,[15] who even asserts the impossibility of a distinctive Latin pitch accent.
		Latin vowels exhibit a property called length, which is partly a matter of duration as the name implies, but also partly a matter of vowel quality or timbre.
		Since syllable quantity was fundamental to its conception, this type of poetry has been called "quantitative." Another type, rhythmic poetry, might proceed according to syllable count (i.e., each line had to have a certain number of syllables), and might also display accent patterns.
	www.music-cog.ohio-state.edu /~jveltman/research/thesis/chapter1.text.html (1009 words)

	Rhythm 2
		Using the variation between long and short syllables can also be a way to create effect in poetry.
		The length of words can be another variation in effect.
		Write an eight-line poem in iambic pentameter, using variations in syllable and word length to vary the rhythm.
	anitraweb.org /kalliope/rhythm2.html (499 words)

	Ancient Greek Accents
		by vowel length (but not syllable length, although syllable length is also partially affected by vowel length) both of the accented syllable and of the final syllable in the word,
		Possible positions of acute accent are restricted by the length of the accented vowel or diphthong and the length of the vowel or diphthong in the final syllable.
		Exceptions: - Infinitives: o Infinitives of the first aorist active and middle are accented on the syllable before the -sa- syllable, including instances s where the sigma vanishes and the preceding vowel is lengthened ("egei~rai" and "egei'rasthai").
	www.his.com /~wigtil/greekaccent.htm (1454 words)

	Stress Accent and Pronunciation
		The length of a given vowel can be checked by looking in any of the larger Latin dictionaries, but it will be simpler to listen to the teacher's pronunciation and learn it by ear, just as you would do if studying French or Italian.
		The Latin system of stressing the third or second syllable from the last is the same as we use in English, so this often helps when in doubt.
		There are still traces of the prose accentuation system in verse, although there it is the length of a vowel and syllable which dominates and gives the lines their characteristic rhythms.
	community.middlebury.edu /~harris/LatinBackground/Stress.Pronunciation.html (702 words)

	Abstract
		While lengthening before sonorants is more consistent in internal than in final syllables in some cakavian dialects, the reverse situation, with lengthening restricted to final syllables, is never found (the same is true of stokavian).
		Patterns of accent retraction that occur in numerous cakavian dialects indicate that CVC syllables are treated as heavy, and the lengthenings illustrated here will be explained as a reinterpretion of a bi-moraic CVC syllable as CVVC.
		The different behavior of final as opposed to medial syllables may then also be attributed to constraints on permissible syllable types.
	aatseel.org /program/aatseel/1999/abstract-182.html (528 words)

	Dalecarlian pronunciation - UniLang Wiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Since Dalecarlian is a Norse language, the first syllable is always stressed, except for some foreign words (mainly French).
		The stress falls on the first syllable in the first word in the compound, and on the first syllable in the second word.
		We define a syllable to be a formal construction of the type C
	home.unilang.org /main/wiki2/wiki.phtml?title=Dalecarlian_pronounciation (1281 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		All Syllables Are Not Created Equal ----------------------------------- Foot and meter are not all there is to rhythm in poetry.
		Exercise : Syllable Length -------- Write an eight-line poem in iambic pentameter, using variations in syllable and word length to vary the rhythm.
		Exercise : Sentence Length -------- Write an eight-line poem in iambic pentameter that either starts with long sentences and accelerates the pace with shorter ones, or starts with short sentences and slows the pace by extending them.
	www.mit.edu /~mbarker/poetry/rhythm2.txt (666 words)

	[No title]
		Kiparsky (1991) argues that it is formally the erasure of a prosodic constituent (mora or syllable) at the edge of a domain, together with all prosodic structure dominating it.
		And in a language with trochaic feet, a right-peripheral catalectic syllable is footed together with a preceding syllable.
		Stress is penultimate in words where the final three syllables are of equal weight, else on the heaviest in the window.}}}{\fs24 (Shukla 1981), Fijian (Sch\'fctz 1978), Hawaiian (Sch\'fc tz 1978), Kilivila}{\cs16\fs24\super \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s15\qj\widctlpar \f4\fs20\lang19 {\cs16\fs22\super \chftn }{\fs22 Diphthongal and closed syllables are heavy.
	www.let.uu.nl /~Rene.Kager/personal/Papers/catalexi.rtf (10675 words)

	Prosody during Disyllable Production of Full-Term and Preterm Infants - Questia Online Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Syllable length, fundamental frequency (F0), and amplitude were compared in nonfinal and final position for each segment in all disyllables recorded on audiotape.
		The preterm infants were significantly less likely to increase final syllable length than infants in the full-term group.
		F0 and amplitude of the preterm infants were also significantly less likely to decrease from nonfinal to final syllables.
	www.questia.com /PM.qst?a=o&d=80935072 (331 words)

	International Computer Science Institute Talks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Incorporating the concept of the syllable into automatic speech recognition may improve recognition accuracy by helping to integrate information over syllable-length time spans.
		Evidence from psychoacoustics and phonology suggests that humans use the syllable as a basic perceptual unit in speech processing.
		Analysis suggested the strategy of combining, which led to the implementation of methods that merged the outputs of syllable-based recognition systems with the phone-oriented baseline system at the frame level, the syllable level and the whole-utterance level.
	www.icsi.berkeley.edu /talks/previous/1998/wu.html (222 words)

	it's not always stressful! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		I've also seen a hypothesis that Welsh poetry was based on neither stress nor syllable length, but pitch accent.
		Some syllables had rising pitch, some had falling pitch, et cetera.
		This is irrelevant to your analysis of poetry in English, because vowel length and pitch just don't matter all that much to how we speak (and syllabic meters, though they exist, are rare), but it's neat to know that not everyone does poetry the same way.
	www2.one-eyed-alien.net /~ayelton/Writing/foreign.html (161 words)

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