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Topic: Syllable onset

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	syllable Information Center - syllable
		A word that consists 100 syllable mantra of a single syllable (like English cat) is called a monosyllable (such a word is monosyllabic), while a word consisting of two teaching syllables syllables (like monkey) is called a disyllable (such a word is disyllabic).
		The syllable onset is the sound(s) occurring before the nucleus, and the syllable coda is the sound(s) occurring after the nucleus.
		In some languages, syllable counter including English, breaking words into syllables a consonant may be analyzed as acting simultaneously as the coda of one syllable syllable activities and the onset spanish syllable of the next, kodaly baby names one syllable rhythm syllables a phenomenon known breaking syllables as ambisyllabicity.
	www.scipeeps.com /Sci-Linguistic_Topics_R_-_T/syllable.html (1049 words)

	English blend structure (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Syllable number could not be examined by using blends whose constituents were equal in frequency because there were very few blends of this type.
		Syllable boundaries for components in the remaining 165 blends were determined by consulting the electronic version of the American Heritage Dictionary (1991).
		The integrity of the onset is shown by the fact that breakpoints occurred immediately after consonant clusters in 23 blends (e.g., "flurry" from "flaw" and "hurry"), but only occurred within consonant clusters in 5 blends (e.g., "thwack" from "thrash" and "whack").
	www.sas.upenn.edu /~kellym/blend.html (4059 words)

	Syllable onset - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In phonetics and phonology, a syllable onset is the part of a syllable that precedes the syllable nucleus.
		The segmental structure of a syllable begins with an optional onset, followed by a compulsory rime or final (yunmu).
		If a syllable begins with a vowel or another syllabic sonorant, then the syllable is said to have no onset, or a null onset.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Syllable_onset (234 words)

	Syllable Structure in English
		Syllables have internal structure: they can be divided into parts.
		Syllable nuclei are most often highly 'sonorant' or resonant sounds, that can be relatively loud and carry a clear pitch level.
		syllables: a syllable is a rhythmic unit of speech.
	cla.calpoly.edu /~jrubba/phon/syllables.html (1099 words)

	Syllable - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The syllable nucleus is typically a sonorant, usually a vowel sound, in the form of a monophthong, diphthong, or triphthong, but sometimes sonorant consonants like [l] or [r].
		The syllable onset is the sound or sounds occurring before the nucleus, and the syllable coda (literally 'tail') is the sound or sounds that follow the nucleus.
		A heavy syllable is one with a branching rime or a branching nucleus — this is a metaphor, based on the nucleus or coda having lines that branch in a tree diagram.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Syllable (1231 words)

	Onset Clusters and the Sonority Sequencing Principle in Acehnese
		The examination of the role of sonority in the construction of Acehnese complex onsets reveals that the structure of onsets is controlled by universal principles, notably by the Sonority Sequencing Principle, which holds that within an onset sonority must rise towards the syllable nucleus.
		This principle is referred to in the phonological literature as Sonority Sequenc-ing Principle and requires onset clusters to have an ascending sonority pattern toward the syllable peak and coda clusters to have a descending pattern of sonority away from the nucleus.
		the syllable in which sonority of the demisyllable (onset plus peak and peak plus coda) is maximized as we move from onset to nucleus and then minimized from nucleus to coda.
	www.uqu.edu.sa /majalat/humanities/2vol14/b10.htm (2366 words)

	Phonology
		A syllable consists of an onset and a rhyme.
		Syllable: == "" == "onset>" "" == "" "" <> == Null.
		The focussed syllable of words whose inflection involves a stem alternation will normally be the syllable in which the alternation occurs.
	www.ccl.kuleuven.ac.be /LKR/html/detsnode3.html (990 words)

	Syllable structure (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A syllable consists of an onset and a rhyme; a rhyme consists of a stress value, a peak and a coda; and a coda consists of a body and a tail.
		She does not class this latter as a separate syllable at all, but rather as a ``coda extension''.
		Syllable: == "onset>" "" == Stress "" "" == "" "" == <> == Null.
	www.cogs.susx.ac.uk /research/nlp/polylex/polynode40.html (743 words)

	Syllable (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		For the computer operating system, see Syllable (operating system).'' A syllable (ancient Greek: &963;&965;&955;&955;&945;&946;&942;) is a unit of speech that is made up of nucleus (most often a vowel) with one or more optional phones (single sounds or "phonetic segments").
		The Syllable nucleus is typically a sonorant, usually a vowel sound, in the form of a monophthong, diphthong, or triphthong, but sometimes including consonants like and.
		In some languages, including English, a consonant may be analyzed as acting simultaneously as the coda of one Syllable and the onset of the next, a phenomenon known as ambisyllabicity.
	syllable.iqnaut.net.cob-web.org:8888 (594 words)

	SWAP Abstract: Hawkins / Nguyen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In some circumstances, listeners are sensitive to these coda-dependent acoustic differences in onset /l/s as a cue to coda voicing in word recognition.
		The present experiment further explores the effects of the acoustic characteristics of an onset /l/ on the perception of coda voicing.
		Each stimulus was truncated 80 ms after vowel onset, and 300 ms of white noise appended to it, so that the end of the stimulus seemed to be obliterated by noise.
	www.isca-speech.org /archive/swap/swap_167.html (499 words)

	Procedure: Test syllable labels
		It should be noted that singleton test syllable coda consonants could also be regarded as ambisyllabic or as unstressed syllable onsets in left-headed disyllables and trisyllables: for example mason and masonry.
		The right-headed port, compose, dispose and suppose, and the left-headed ten, cap and part all have voiceless stops as their syllable onset: these all have an additional label placed at the point of stop release, corresponding to the start of aspiration, as well as the onset label corresponding to the start of consonant closure.
		Firstly, the period of stop closure in the syllable onsets for the right-headed keywords compose, dispose, port, suppose and juice does not have an acoustic correlate in utterance-initial position, and thus the ``onset'' label is missing in these cases.
	www.cstr.ed.ac.uk /projects/eustace/proc/testsyllable.html (599 words)

	Phonology, reading development, and dyslexia: A cross-linguistic perspective Annals of Dyslexia - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		There is evidence from a number of languages that children's ability to recognize syllables, onsets, and rimes precedes learning a particular spelling system.
		Syllable awareness is usually present by about age three, and onset-rime awareness by about age four to five.
		Performance with the onset version of the task was around 56% correct whereas performance with the rime version of the task was around 71% correct.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3809/is_200201/ai_n9067699 (997 words)

	The Ultimate Mora (linguistics) - American History Information Guide and Reference (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The syllable nucleus represents one mora in the case of a short vowel, and two moras in the case of a long vowel or diphthong.
		In English, it is clear that the codas of stressed syllables represent a mora (thus, the word cat is bimoraic), but it is not clear whether the codas of unstressed syllables do (the second syllable of the word rabbit might be monomoraic).
		In general, monomoraic syllables are said to be light, bimoraic syllables are said to be heavy, and trimoraic syllables (in languages that have them) are said to be superheavy.
	www.historymania.com /american_history/Mora_(linguistics) (310 words)

	CCamelOT - An OT-CC implementation
		If two syllables are adjacent (no intervening segments), and the second syllable is mono-moraic, and its nucleus is less sonorous than the preceding nucleus, then the two syllables are merged — so long as this merger improves harmony.
		Syllables look for onsets and codas: each syllable looks to its left and to its right for a single consonant that is less sonorous than the segment the syllable currently has at the relevant edge.
		Assign one violation mark for every syllable whose final segment is a consonant, unless that segment is the most sonorous segment in the syllable (in which case it is the nucleus rather than the coda).
	wwwx.oit.umass.edu /~linguist/CCamelOT/help.cgi (2718 words)

	Study - Unit 3 Page 2: Dividing Words into Syllables
		Syllables are units that consist--in most cases--of a vowel surrounded by one or more consonants.
		The syllable unit generally plays a role in a number of patterns within each language, including the patterns for the placement of stress.
		In principle, English would have allowed us to put the [n] into the coda of the first syllable ([ən] is a well-formed English syllable); however, because of the general principle of maximizing onsets, the [n] instead goes into the onset of syllable 2.
	ling75.arts.ubc.ca /ling200/study/unit3/page2.php (667 words)

	Articles at SpeechPathology.com: How to Plan Phonemic Awareness Therapy
		Syllable structure impacts the ease with which children manipulate the sounds within the syllable.
		Onset and rime are two components of syllable structure.
		The onset consists of all the consonants in a syllable before the vowel.
	www.speechpathology.com /articles/article_detail.asp?article_id=294 (1841 words)

	Sensitivity to Sonority for Print Processing in Normal Readers and Dyslexic Children
		Optimum onset cluster is described as progressively growing in sonority toward the vowel, whereas optimum coda must be close in sonority to the preceding vowel (Clements, 1990).
		Since dyslexic children systematically associated the post-vocalic obstruent consonant with the onset of the subsequent syllable, they seem to be strongly guided by the phonetic quality of the coda to the detriment of phonetic quality of the onset (i.e., clusters of obstruent consonants do not progressively grow in sonority toward the vowel).
		This is in contrast with the syllable onset hypothesis (Content, Kearns and Frauenfelder, 2001), that claims the prominence of the onset in speech processing, whereas dyslexic children give greater importance to syllable offset.
	cpl.revues.org /document93.html (3061 words)

	[No title]
		German allows voiced obstruents in the onset to surface phonetically while obstruents in the coda or in the appendix are obligatorily voiceless.
		The former ranking ensures devoicing in positions outside the onset lo[s] ‘loose’ (3b) and the latter allows for clusters that disagree in voicing, such as the [sb] in lö[s]bar ‘solvable’ REF _Ref502909897 \h (3c).
		It derives the cross-linguistic predominance of regressive (as opposed to progressive) voicing assimilation from the positional licensing of [voice] in the onset of the syllable.
	web.mit.edu /linguistics/www/kenstowicz/laryngeal_licensing.doc (4991 words)

	Re: semivowels (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This increased voice of /r/ at the end of a syllable is one main reason for the NBC dialect is so soft and flowing, and should be spotted easily when its sounds are recorded on paper with Ig.
		The syllable has one major vowel called the nucleus, but can have any of the semivowels before (called the syllable’s onset), and at least one of the semivowels after the nucleus in other dialects, called the syllable’s coda.
		Thus, if the Ig symbol for a vowel element used as a semivowel is not alone in a syllable, there could be a semivowel before in all dialects and /r/ after the main vowel in other dialects.
	www.lafn.org /~bj957/use.htm (2050 words)

	Syllable Structure and the Distribution of Phonemes in English Syllables
		For CVC syllables, the main concern is whether the vowel is grouped with the prior consonant (called the onset), with the posterior consonant (the coda), or with neither.
		Because all words had exactly one onset and one coda consonant, this means that each consonant should occur half the time in an onset, and half the time in a coda.
		If our results generalize to the vocabulary as a whole, then from the standpoint of temporal processing, the first two thirds of the syllable (onset and vowel) are largely unpredictable, that is, informative and distinctive, and the last third (the coda) is largely predictable, that is, redundant.
	www.artsci.wustl.edu /~bkessler/SyllStructDistPhon/CVC.html (8182 words)

	What is a syllable?
		Syllable structure, which is the combination of allowable segments and typical sound sequences, is language specific.
		All syllables with a branching nucleus (long vowels) are considered heavy.
		Some languages treat syllables with a short vowel(nucleus) followed by a consonant (coda) as light.
	www.sil.org /linguistics/GlossaryOfLinguisticTerms/WhatIsASyllable.htm (147 words)

	Pattern of Interhemispheric Synchronization in HVc During Singing Correlates With Key Transitions in the Song Pattern ...
		Even though this syllable was aligned at acoustic offset of syllable, activity is strongly correlated with onset of syllable (Peak 1) as well as with note transition (Peak 2).
		After syllable's acoustic offset, a large burst of neural activity is observed in both hemispheres (fl arrow).
		Dotted lines are aligned respectively to syllable onset and offset and shifted by a 45-ms premotor delay.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/90/6/3931 (9933 words)

	B07 Sound patterns in Human Language: Syllables revisited
		In this latter case, the /t/ occurs at the end of one syllable, and the /l/ occurs at the start of the next.
		The nucleus is the energy rich middle of the syllable, usually occupied by a vowel.
		The onset may be absent, may be a sonorant, an obstruent, an obstruent followed by a sonorant, or any of the above preceded by an /s/.
	cspeech.ucd.ie /~fred/teaching/oldcourses/phonetics/syllables2.html (821 words)

	Philip Monahan - UF Journal of Undergraduate Research Paper
		The aim of this paper is to analyze the interlanguage phonology of native speakers of BP learning English, and to determine the effects of these constraints on BP syllable structure, especially on the coda, on the language learner's pronunciation of the target language.
		In phonology, the syllable is divided into three parts, the onset, the nucleus and the rhyme.
		The onset of the syllable is any language-specific permissible string of consonants that precedes the only cross-linguistically obligatory part of the syllable, the nucleus, or the vowel.
	www.clas.ufl.edu /jur/200112/papers/paper_monahan.html (2169 words)

	Fluency Management Techniques (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		For consonant-initial syllables, particularly those beginning with stop consonants, the goal is to "gloss over" the primary point of articulation.
		When the syllable begins with a voiceless sound, gradually increase the intensity of the vowel.
		Read each paragraph aloud, while attempting to prolong each syllable for approximately 1 second each (i.e., you'll be using a rate of approximately 60 syllables per minute).
	www.clas.ufl.edu /users/logan/FluencyManagementTechniques.html (3704 words)

	Temporal Structure in Zebra Finch Song: Implications for Motor Coding -- Glaze and Troyer 26 (3): 991 -- Journal of ...
		Syllable onsets and offsets were recalculated at a finer temporal
		syllables in the first and second motifs were not identical.
		Black, Pairs containing intervals of the same identity (i.d.) (e.g., syllable D in motifs 1 and 3, gap between B and C in motifs 2 and 3).
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/26/3/991 (9426 words)

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