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	fault \| English \| Dictionary & Translation by Babylon
		Fault (technology), an abnormal condition or defect at the component, equipment, or sub-system level which may lead to a failure.An asymmetric or symmetric fault in an electric power system.
		Such fault may, in some cases, afford a presumption of fraud and in very gross cases it approaches so near as to be almost undistinguishable from it, especially when the facts seem hardly consistent with an honest intention.
		Ordinary faults consist in the omission of that care which mankind generally pay to their own concerns; that is, the want of ordinary diligence.
	www.babylon.com /definition/fault (436 words)

	Fault - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Fault (technology), an abnormal condition or defect at the component, equipment, or sub-system level which may lead to a failure.
		Fault (dog), in animal breeding, is a conformation point whose state or quality falls outside of the acceptable range for the attribute being judged.
		In tennis, a fault could be either a foot fault or a service fault, where an aspect of the server's serve is not in line with the rules of the game.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Fault (180 words)

	stressdrop.nb
		The "fault" is a cut in the medium in which the two sides of the cut are free to move with respect to one another without frictional resistance.
		Traction is applied to the two faces of the fault in one direction (as shown by the arrows in the figure above) on the top face of the fault and in the opposite direction on the bottom fact of the fault.
		For example, for a strike-slip fault the length (horizontal dimension) may be several times greater than the vertical dimension, and the rupture duration is controlled by the time that it takes to propagate from one end of the fault horizontally to the other end of the fault (unidirectional rupture).
	faculty.washington.edu /crosson/COURSES/ESS412/Miscell/stressdrop (1451 words)

	Safety Now April 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The symmetric pull-up relays on the left are a redundant construction while the asymmetric relays (one pull-up, the other pull-down) on the right demonstrate redundancy with diversity.
		Fault (a) is a broken wire at the tongue interlock switch, simulating an open input circuit.
		Fault (d) is a short across the coils of the two contactors.
	www.ab.com /safety/safety_now/april02/rules_road/index.html (1334 words)

	Fault - ToseekA Search Results
		Fault, an abnormal condition or defect at the component, equipment, or sub-system level which may lead to a failure.
		Fault, in animal breeding, is a conformation point whose state or quality falls outside of the acceptable range for the attribute being judged.
		In tennis, a fault could be either a foot fault or a service fault, where an aspect of the server's serve is not in line with the rules of the game.
	www.toseeka.com /search.php?q=Fault (546 words)

	Plate Margins with Faults (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The horizontal motion of faults is consistent with the observation that plate margins migrate.
		The normal velocity on the fault (Figure 3a) indicates that the fault tends to rotate and move toward the symmetry plane of the box.
		Since the fault is aligned with the symmetry plane of the flow system, we expect the fault to have no effect on the flow field.
	www.gps.caltech.edu /~gurnis/Papers/Fault_Conv_GRL/fault_conv.html (3207 words)

	Analog Models of Restraining Stepovers in Strike
		At the center of the stepover in the basement faults, the pop-up is symmetric and bounded on each side by divergent reverse faults (section 30 in Figure 4).
		The cross pop-up strike-slip faults that are seen on the upper surface of the model (Figure 9a) have sigmoidal traces in the horizontal section (Figure 9b) and link to the main PDZs at either end of the stepover structure.
		In experiments where the width of the stepover was varied from 10 to 2.5 cm (summarized in Figure 17), a decrease in the stepover width produced a proportional decrease in the width of the pop-up and a corresponding increase in the surface relief of the pop-up, as the total displacement remained constant.
	www.searchanddiscovery.net /documents/mcclay02/index.htm (8082 words)

	Symmetric fault (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		With this in mind, symmetric faults can be viewed as somewhat of an abstraction; however, as asymmetric faults are difficult to analyze, analysis of asymmetric faults is built up from a thorough understanding of symmetric faults.
		Symmetric faults can be analyzed via the same methods as any other phenomena in power systems, and in fact many software tools exist to accomplish this type of analysis automatically (see power flow study).
		Next, the location of the fault is considered to be supplied with a negative voltage source, equal to the voltage at that location in the base case, while all other sources are set to zero.
	www.centipedia.com /articles/Symmetric_fault (306 words)

	Symmetric algebra Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		In mathematics, the symmetric algebra S(V) on a vector space V over a field K is a certain commutative unital associative K-algebra containing V.
		It is possible to use the tensor algebra T(V) to describe the symmetric algebra S(V).
		In fact we pass from the tensor algebra to the symmetric algebra by forcing it to be commutative; if elements of V commute, then tensors in them must, so that we should take the quotient ring of T(V) by the ideal generated by all differences of products
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /topic/Symmetric_algebra.html (472 words)

	Beware of Simplistic Fault Current Calculations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Fault current calculations are a critical piece of the electrical design/engineering puzzle for electrical distribution systems in commercial and industrial installations.
		A fault current calculation determines the maximum available current that will be available at a given node, or location, in the system.
		Assuming that the simplistic form of fault current calculations was initially used to size and install the main switchboard, the switchgear would have a fault current rating lower than the maximum available short circuit current and would therefore have to be replaced.
	www.ecmweb.com /mag/electric_beware_simplistic_fault/index.html (1358 words)

	Crustal Structures and Landforms
		The actual topography may be controlled by the symmetric patterns of the exposed strata, but the highs and lows are determined by which sedimentary units are more and which are less resistant to weathering (differential weathering).
		Fault offset in an earthquake may be very small (millimeters or centimeters) in scores of small earthquakes.
		Normal faults, which form in crustal extension, are high-angle (~60°) faults where the block lying on top of the steeply-dipping fault surface (the hanging wall block) slides down the fault surface.
	www.columbia.edu /~vjd1/structure_landforms_basic.htm (1220 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		An interesting fault model of this kind is the hybrid model introduced by Thambidurai and Park [TP88]: in addition to arbitrary (i.e., Byzantine) faults, they consider manifest and symmetric faults.
		A manifest fault is one that is reliably detected by all nonfaulty components (e.g., a missing message or one with an incorrect checksum), while a symmetric fault is one that is not detectable (i.e., it is a wrong rather than invalid or missing value) but that has the same manifestations to all receivers.
		The hybrid fault model is attractive in the larger context for which the example developed here was originally developed because that context is concerned with systems running on the Time Triggered Architecture (TTA) [KB03], where Byzantine faults are strongly contained [BKS02] and message loss (i.e., manifest faults) is the main concern.
	www.csl.sri.com /cgi-bin/rushby/ps2ascii?~rushby/papers/om1 (5681 words)

	Multiple choice
		A fault plane strikes north-south and dips steeply to the west.
		Geologic observations indicate that most of the fault movement was vertical and that Mesozoic rocks occur east of the fault and Paleozoic rocks occur west of the fault.
		The sedimentary rocks are cut by a fault, indicated by the dark line, that dips 60 degrees to the northwest.
	www.uh.edu /~jbutler/physical/chap10mult.html (860 words)

	Fric2d Chapter 4: data input (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Since the frictional slip on the fault elements is inleastic the resulting deformation will depend on the loading path.
		The first line of each fault has the word "fault" followed by the fault's name and three flags which state if and where secondary opening-mode fractures are allowed to develop.
		These faults and joint are subjected to vertical compression at the boundaries of the problem.
	www.geo.umass.edu /faculty/cooke/fric2d/chapter4.html (2123 words)

	FAULT DIAGNOSTICS
		The research objective of this project is the development of fault diagnostic systems that can monitor the health of the sensors and actuators on an automated vehicle and identify the source of any fault that occurs.
		The LMI formulation provides for explicit calculation of the fault detection filter matrix and can be used for sensor health monitoring in all systems in which the state is observable through any one of the sensor measurements.
		Experimental results show that the lateral diagnostic system is able to monitor the health of the GPS, gyroscope and lateral accelerometer on the truck, detect a failure in any of these 3 sensors and accurately identify the source of the failure.
	www.me.umn.edu /labs/advcontrols/fault.html (722 words)

	Presentations
		We classify salt-related faults and fault welds in the northern Gulf of Mexico on the basis of the three-dimensional geometry of the faults, welds, deformed strata, and associated salt bodies.
		Extensional faults comprising symmetric arrays include peripheral faults at the landward margin of the original salt basin; crestal faults, which are growth faults rooted in reactive diapirs; and keystone faults at the crests of anticlines.
		Those that dip primarily basinward include roller faults, which are listric growth faults that sole into a subhorizontal salt layer; ramp faults, which extend upward from the landward margin of bulb-shaped salt stocks; and shale-detachment faults, which sole into a shale décollement that merges laterally into a salt layer.
	www.beg.utexas.edu /techrvw/abstracts/mjackson-nworlns.htm (447 words)

	[No title]
		The resulting five-mode hybrid fault model is a superset of previous hybrid fault models.
		The proposed degradable agreement approach achieves traditional agreement up to m faults and a degraded form of agreement up to u faults (u>or=m), which allows fault-free receivers to agree on at most two different values (one of which is necessarily the default value).
		The objective is to provide, for all considered fault classes, protocols that are cost-effective for those classes in terms of message traffic, speed, and complexity.
	www.ece.cmu.edu /~ece849/bibtex/byzantinep2.bib.txt (744 words)

	lecture notes - strike-slip structures
		A corollary of this is that this model may explain the early formational history of a transcurrent zone well, but not the 90% or so of the activity afterwards.
		Basically the block movement vector is at an angle to the slip plane/fault zone so that there is a material gap or overlap to be accommodated, translating to an extensional or contractional component to deformation.
		faults are predominantly strike-slip, but with a consistent dip-slip component.
	maps.unomaha.edu /Maher/GEOL3300/week15/transcurrent.html (883 words)

	Beware of Simplistic Fault Current Calculations
		Fault current calculations are a critical piece of the electrical design/engineering puzzle for electrical distribution systems in commercial and industrial installations.
		A fault current calculation determines the maximum available current that will be available at a given node, or location, in the system.
		Assuming that the simplistic form of fault current calculations was initially used to size and install the main switchboard, the switchgear would have a fault current rating lower than the maximum available short circuit current and would therefore have to be replaced.
	ecmweb.com /mag/electric_beware_simplistic_fault/index.html (1405 words)

	Hive - SOSP'95
		Fault containment: The effects of faults must be confined to the cell in which they occur.
		Either type of sharing would cause fault containment problems on current multiprocessors, since a hardware fault in memory or in a processor caching the data could halt some other processor that tries to access that memory.
		In all of 49 experiments where we injected a fail-stop hardware fault, the effects were confined to the cell where the fault occurred.
	www-flash.stanford.edu /OS/sosp95-hive/hivei.html (867 words)

	[No title]
		The fault hypothesis of the membership algorithm is a benign one: faults must arrive two or more rounds apart, and must be symmetric in their manifestations: either all or exactly one node may fail to receive a broadcast message (the former is called a send fault, the latter a receive fault).
		Transmission faults are detected as follows: each broadcaster listens for the mes sage from its first successor (roughly speaking, this will be the next node to broadcast) 8 to check whether it suffered a transmission fault: this will be indicated by its exclusion from the membership list of the message from its first successor.
		Principled fault tolerance requires not only that redundant sensor values are fused effectively, but that all redundant consumers agree on exactly the same values; this is the notion of replica determinism [46] that provides the foundation for state machine replication [67] and other methods for applicationindependent fault tolerance based on exactmatch voting.
	www.csl.sri.com /cgi-bin/rushby/ps2ascii.pl?~rushby/papers/ftrtft02 (8895 words)

	Direct interconnection networks I+II
		Intuitively, a symmetric network is easy to understand and the design of parallel and communication algorithms is very much easier, since it is irrelevant where the computation and/or communication starts or in which directions it will evolve.
		Fault diameter nearly the same as non faulty one, similarly for fault average distances.
		Therefore, the neighborhood of a vertex in a SE digraph depends on its periodicity and the SE topology is not vertex symmetric.
	www.cs.wisc.edu /~tvrdik/5/html/Section5.html (4618 words)

	W&B Scientific - A Case for Symmetric Encryption (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The constant-time cryptography method to interrupts [12] is defined not only by the development of lambda calculus, but also by the confirmed need for digital-to-analog converters.
		These applications typically require that the little-known "fuzzy" algorithm for the visualization of checksums [11] runs in O(n + n) time [5], and we verified in this position paper that this, indeed, is the case.
		While we are the first to construct the compelling unification of model checking and e-business in this light, much previous work has been devoted to the private unification of Byzantine fault tolerance and redundancy [4].
	wbsci.org /Encryption/99/A-Case-for-Symmetric-Encryption.html (1866 words)

	earth fault - deranjament prin punere accidentala la pamant/ defect de punere la pamant (English to Romanian ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		In power engineering, specifically three phase power, an asymmetric or unbalanced fault is a fault which does not affect each of the three phases equally.
		This is in contrast to a symmetric fault, where each of the phases is affected equally.
		In practice, most faults in power systems are unbalanced; however, as asymmetric faults are difficult to analyze, analysis of asymmetric faults is built up from a thorough understanding of symmetric faults.
	www.proz.com /kudoz/1813694 (794 words)

	EETimes.com - Dependable auto systems emerge
		There are two common configurations: When two identical microprocessors are used, the configuration is known as symmetric redundancy; with a smaller, less powerful watchdog microprocessor the configuration is known as asymmetric redundancy.
		The symmetric single-chip solution is popular because of decreased size, increased reliability (fewer system interconnections) and better electromagnetic compatibility performance.
		In the event that a fault is detected, an interrupt can be generated that will indicate that the system should go into its fail-safe state.
	www.eetimes.com /story/OEG20000728S0023 (1952 words)

	[No title]
		Then the stabilization of a synchronous generator with speed control, after the occurrence of a symmetric fault is investigated.
		It turns out that the symmetric torque profile, which is a necessary condition for the rest-to-rest maneuver of generic structural systems, does not apply to gyroscopic systems.
		Nonlinear state feedback control laws and output/observer feedback control laws are designed such that the eigenvalues of the family of closed-loop linearizations have specified, analytically-scheduled values with respect to the family of closed-loop operating points.
	www.ee.byu.edu /faculty/beard/papers/library/refs.bib (5355 words)

	Step Start Systems
		Most faults will be interrupted in less than 1 cycle (17 milliseconds).
		In addition to the high speed ½ to 1 cycle load side fault tripping, instantaneous line side trip contact parting times can be deliberately delayed approximately 1 to 2 cycles, depending on the requirements, and as a result, backup tripping is in the order of 20 to 40 milliseconds.
		Operations counters are supplied, with fault trips and total operations counted separately.
	www.rossengineeringcorp.com /step_start_systems.htm (441 words)

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