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Topic: Symphysis

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	Diastasis of Symphysis
		DSP (Diastasis Symphysis Pubis) means an abnormally wide gap between the two pubic bones at the symphysis pubis joint situated at the front of the pelvis.
		An abnormal gap is considered to be 1cm or more, sometimes with the two bones being slightly out of alignment, and remains evident after the time that the joint should have regained the normal non-pregnant width.
		SPD (Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction) simply means that the joint is apparently not working, as it should be.
	www.e-radiography.net /radpath/d/diastasis_symphysis.htm (814 words)

	The rat's pubic symphysis
		This loosening of the pubic symphysis allows the separation of the pelvic bones, and hence widens the birth canal and provides an easier passage of the infant during birth.
		By eight weeks of age, the pelvis and pubic symphysis have reached the adult condition: the pubic symphysis is a narrow band of cartilage 1.5 to 2 mm wide between ossified pelvic bones (Ruth 1935).
		In aging male and female rats, the cartilage of the pubic symphysis degenerates and is gradually replaced by bone.
	www.ratbehavior.org /PubicSymphysis.htm (637 words)

	Inflammatory Process of the Symphysis Pubis \| Deborah Pate, DC, DACBR
		Initially, the margins of the symphysis appear hazy due to diffuse demineralization of the subchondral bone from hyperemia.
		As this demineralization continues to occur, the symphysis appears to widen.
		In the reparative phase increased density of the subchondral bone occurs with proliferative changes at the symphysis.
	www.chiroweb.com /archives/10/23/16.html (485 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The pubic symphysis is the midline cartilaginous joint uniting the superior rami of the left and right pubic bones (pubis).
		In females, the pubic symphysis is intimately close to the clitoris.
		The symphysis pubis actually separates during the birthing process in some women: this is painful but rare, with reported rates of occurrence ranging from one in 600 to one in 3400 births.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=pubic_symphysis (289 words)

	Chapter 31: The bones, joints and walls of the pelvis
		Inability to palpate the sacral promontory suggests that the conjugate diameter of the inlet is adequate for parturition, whereas palpation indicates a contracted pelvis.
		The symphysial surfaces, each covered by hyaline cartilage, are united by an interpubic disc of fibrocartilage, which may present a cleft.
		31-6 The pubic symphysis is a cartilaginous joint in which the articular surfaces, covered by a thin layer of hyaline cartilage, are united by the interpubic disc, which consists of fibrocartilage and may contain a cavity.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~humananatomy/part_6/chapter_31.html (1884 words)

	Sympysis Pubis Separation - Childbirth.org
		A severe case of separation of the symphysis pubis during labor and delivery is reported, which included severe pain and unusual complications of urinary outflow incontinence and fecal incontinence that gradually resolved with conservative treatment.
		The incidence of symphysis pubis separation is reported to be between 1:600 and 1:3400 obstetric patients.
		Recurrent separation of the symphysis pubis could occur during subsequent deliveries but generally is no worse than the first occurrence.
	www.childbirth.org /articles/pubis.html (562 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Uptake may be unilateral or bilateral for the margins of the symphysis and must be distinguished from stress fracture(s) of a pubic body or pubic ramus in particular.
		While adductor pull on the symphysis was being considered, Williams (in the UK) was examining the role of limitation of hip joint movement as a factor in osteitis pubis in athletes.
		In consideration of normal joint mobility of the symphysis, Walheim and coworkers examined movement of the intact symphysis under traction in cadavers and in volunteers, who were studied at rest in supine position, whilst standing on one leg and whilst walking.
	www.sportsci.org /encyc/drafts/Osteitis_pubis.doc (2667 words)

	Prostatitis website -- Epidydimitis related to pelvic muscle strain
		When there is a dysfunctional symphysis pubis, pain is often referred to the testicle or vagina, and sometimes down the medial thigh toward the knee on the affected side.
		If treating the symphysis, without treating the hernia, abolishes all pain in less than 1 week, one may conclude that the hernia was old and asymptomatic and that the symphysis dysfunction was causing the groin pain.
		The symphysis pubis in the roentgen examination of the sacroiliac joint.
	www.prostatitis.org /pelvicepidydi.html (2051 words)

	symphysis pubis (Site not responding. Last check: )
		DSP (Diastasis Symphysis Pubis) means an abnormally wide gap or separation between the two pubic bones at the symphysis pubis joint situated at the front of the pelvis.
		Symphysis pubis is a non synovial amphiarthrodial joint and comes from the Greek word “symphysis” meaning growing together.
		The symphysis pubis connects these two weight-bearing arches and the ligaments that surround this pelvic region maintain the mechanical integrity.
	www.pelvicdysfunction.com /symphysis-pubis.htm (2288 words)

	Slightly Movable Joint Information on Healthline
		A symphysis is a cartilaginous joint in which the uniting entity is fibrocartilage.
		An example of a symphysis in the human body is the attachment of one vertebral body to another by way of an intervertebral disk.
		As cited previously, a good example of a symphysis in the human body is the attachment of one vertebra to another by a fibrocartilaginous disk.
	www.healthline.com /galecontent/slightly-movable-joint (722 words)

	AMTA > Anatomical and Biochemical considerations related to assessment of Pelvic Dysfunction
		The pubic symphysis is considered to be the most stable joint in the pelvis, and moves in reaction to forces placed across the joint, rather than by direct muscle action.
		However, muscles attaching close to the pubic symphysis still have their affect on the joint and must be considered when there is injury in this region.
		Once the head is engaged, and during labour, a 10mm diastisis of the pubic symphysis is not uncommon.
	www.amta.com.au /article1.html (1799 words)

	On the Lower Jaw of an Anthropoid Ape [Dryopithecus]
		The pattern of the molars and the steepness of the symphysis determine the generic position of the fossil; while the proportions of the bone and the characters of the molar teeth are so closely similar to those of the specimens of D.
		Here it is necessary to remember that the pit on the inner or posterior face of the symphysis is nearly filled by secondary bone developed in the tendon at the origin of the geniohyoid muscles.
		Newton said that he was of opinion that the terms Pliocene and Miocene, or those of any of the other great periods, so frequently applied in palæontological research-work, were inadequate for accuracy, and that it was necessary to quote the particular stage of those rocks which had yielded the material described.
	www.clarku.edu /~piltdown/map_report_finds/lower_jaw.html (1522 words)

	Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction
		In every pregnancy there is a natural increase in the width of the symphysis pubis - pubic bone joint - due to the softness of tissue under the influence of hormones.
		What often helps identify the symphysis pubis pain is that it can feel quite burning and usually there is some pain specifically in the pubic bone itself.
		Symphysial "clicking" or grinding may be audible and can be felt by the woman.
	www.btinternet.com /~wellmother/symphysis-pubis.htm (939 words)

	Pubic Symphysis
		Ross Hauser, M.D. Pain of the public symphysis area is often overlooked and blamed on abdominal muscles and adductor muscles which attach in this area with the diagnosis of abdominal muscle pull or adductor tendonitis.
		The pubic symphysis joint may be stressed whenever the leg is pulled out from underneath a person, as can occur during a hit or a tackle.
		Prolotherapy for pubic symphysis diathesis entails injections into the fibro-osseous junction of the superior pubic symphysis ligament and injections into the pubic symphysis itself.
	www.prolonews.com /pubic_symphysis.htm (737 words)

	Caring Medical - Symptoms - Pubic Symphysis Injury
		The pubic symphysis is an overlooked joint located in the front of the pelvis that is strongly bonded and rarely injured in isolation.
		Another symptom of pubic symphysis is unresolved abdominal or inner leg pain, which are part of the referral pain pattern of the ligaments involved.
		Also, a secondary effect of a pubic symphysis injury in men is a constant, painful erection due to nerves experiencing excessive pressure in the groin area.
	www.caringmedical.com /symptoms/condition.asp?condition_id=1015 (611 words)

	Arthritis Research & Therapy \| Full text \| Relaxin and beta-estradiol modulate targeted matrix degradation in ...
		Within the fibrocartilaginous pubic symphysis and cervix, relaxin plays an important role during parturition by mediating the remodeling necessary for the successful delivery and survival of pups [14,15].
		These changes in the characteristics of the pubic symphysis result from a decrease in collagen content caused by relaxin, which in some species is potentiated by the prior or concurrent administration of estrogen [12,13,18].
		Changes in collagen concentrations in the pubic symphysis after ovariectomies with or without administration of various hormones were very similar to those reported previously [12], validating the use of this tissue as an appropriate positive control for our studies.
	arthritis-research.com /content/8/4/R98 (5359 words)

	Runner's & Triathlete's Web Health and Fitness: Osteitis Pubis
		Osteitis Pubis is the inflammation of the pubic symphysis; the point where the left and right pubic bones meet at the front of the pelvic girdle.
		The pubic symphysis is a disc of cartilage located between the left and right pubic bones and can be seen at the bottom of the picture to the right.
		The pubic symphysis is the point where several muscles from the abdomen and groin attach and contract quite vigorously during exercise.
	www.runnersweb.com /running/news/rw_news_20060704_TSH_Osteitis_Pubis.html (1312 words)

	Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology \| Full text \| Guinea-pig interpubic joint (symphysis pubica) relaxation at ...
		In adult female guinea-pigs, the interpubic joint is a nonsynovial joint of the cartilaginous type that is movable and connected to the pubic bones by fibrous (symphysis) cartilage [4].
		The present study was conducted to establish the temporal pattern of leukocyte infiltration in the pubic symphysis along gestation, parturition and postpartum, and to investigate multiple correlations of this leukocyte infiltration with collagen remodeling, pubic separation and hormonal steroid levels.
		The cells that infiltrate human, guinea-pig and sheep cervical tissue at term are neutrophils [10,21,27-29] whereas eosinophils are responsible for the infiltration of the rat cervix [11,22,30].
	www.rbej.com /content/1/1/113 (4647 words)

	Pregnancy week by week - pregnancy calendar - pregnancy stages trimesters - pregnancy websites - motherhood maternity - ...
		The Symphysis pubis is a joint at the front of the two large pelvic bones.
		The symphysis joint is like a hard bump under the pubic hair and just above the woman's clitoris.
		Some women will experience pain or discomfort in the Symphysis during their pregnancy, in labour and / or after the birth (if the symphysis joint is very loosened).
	www.birth.com.au /class.asp?class=6829&page=1 (347 words)

	Medcyclopaedia - Symphysis
		The symphysis pubis, manubriosternal joint and intervertebral disc are typical examples.
		In some instances the symphysis may have a small cleftlike central cavity demonstrable radiographically because of the presence of gas, termed the vacuum phenomenon.
		Subluxation or dislocation may also occur, as in the manubriosternal joint in automobile accidents in which the chest strikes the steering wheel or in the symphysis pubis, in which a single break in the pelvic ring may occur but is commonly combined with a second injury, such as a Fracture
	www.medcyclopaedia.com /library/topics/volume_iii_1/s/symphysis.aspx (432 words)

	The Physician and Sportsmedicine: Osteitis Pubis
		Osteitis pubis, a painful condition involving the pubic symphysis and surrounding tendinous attachments, was first described in 1924 by Beer, a urologist, who reported on a patient who had undergone suprapubic surgery (1).
		Musculoskeletal examination revealed pain in the pubic symphysis area with lateral compression over the iliac wing while the patient was in the lateral decubitus position.
		They often reveal symmetric involvement of the pubic symphysis, in contrast to tumors, tendinitis, strains, or pelvic stress fractures, which are usually asymmetric (2-7,9-12,16,17,19).
	www.physsportsmed.com /issues/2001/07_01/vitanzo.htm (2175 words)

	Meralgia Paresthetica Is Related to Degenerative Pubic Symphysis (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A case-control study of patients aged 40 years and older with meralgia paresthetica who underwent surgical release of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve; cases were included only when a pelvic radiograph was available.
		Radiological degeneration of the pubic symphysis was defined as present when 2 of 3 independent observers noted degeneration on the radiograph.
		This study confirmed a positive relationship between radiological degeneration of the pubic symphysis and meralgia paresthetica.
	www.jrheum.com /abstracts/abstracts00/2242.html (230 words)

	Performance evaluation of pelvic symphyseal implants (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The pubic symphysis is essential in the stability of the pelvic ring.
		Pubic symphysis tearing is typically associated with all three modes of failure.
		The displacement characteristics across pubic joint with intact pubic symphysis in reaction to load through femur is first measured using micron-resolution LVDTs.
	www.me.ttu.edu /biomech/pelvisimp.htm (418 words)

	Groin Injuries
		A common cause of injury to the pubic symphysis is Osteitis Pubis.
		The pubis symphysis is a slightly movable joint that is constrained by three structure: Superior and Arcuate Pubic ligament and the Interpubic disk.
		Out of the 26 professional players surveyed one third had instability of the symphysis, 19 had marginal irregularity, 17 displayed stress sclerosis in the iliac portion of one or both sacroilial joints.
	www.portfolio.mvm.ed.ac.uk /studentwebs/session2/group45/groin.htm (1000 words)

	eMedicine - Osteitis Pubis : Article Excerpt by Vincent N Disabella, DO FAOASM
		Batt et al postulated that osteitis pubis is a result of muscle injury to the hip adductors or abdominal musculature causing muscle spasm, which in turn produces increased shearing forces across the pubic symphysis.
		Exact frequency is difficult to estimate; however, in a study performed by Lloyd-Smith et al in Canada, osteitis pubis comprised 6.3% of the 222 overuse injuries studied.
		Many times the athlete is not well balanced when planting their foot to kick, placing a great deal of strain on the muscles stabilizing them to perform the kick.
	www.emedicine.com /SPORTS/byname/Osteitis-Pubis.htm (740 words)

	The Pelvis
		The pelvis is divided by an oblique plane passing through the prominence of the sacrum, the arcuate and pectineal lines, and the upper margin of the symphysis pubis, into the greater and the lesser pelvis.
		The antero-posterior diameter extends from the tip of the coccyx to the lower part of the pubic symphysis; its measurement is from 90 to 115 mm.
		The pubic symphysis is less deep, and the pubic arch is wider and more rounded than in the male, where it is an angle rather than an arch.
	www.tripdatabase.com /spider.html?itemid=159441 (1605 words)

	Medcyclopaedia - Symphysis pubis
		Subluxation or dislocation of the symphysis pubis causes a single break in the pubic ring but frequently a second injury to the pelvic ring, such as a Fracture
		Diastasis of the symphysis pubis commonly occurs during pregnancy, perhaps related to ligamentous response to the hormones progesterone and relaxin.
		In some cases rupture of the symphysis may occur at the end of pregnancy, especially during labour and delivery.
	www.medcyclopaedia.com /library/topics/volume_iii_1/s/SYMPHYSIS_PUBIS.aspx (236 words)

	Hip Groin Pain Prolotherapy
		In the case of pain reproduced by palpating the pubic symphysis, the cause of the pain is pubic symphysis diathesis.
		The pubic symphysis joint is stressed when the leg is pulled out from underneath, as in the case of the lassoed lady.
		Prolotherapy for pubic symphysis diathesis entails injections into the fibro-osseous junction of the superior pubic symphysis ligament and
	prolonews.com /hip_groin_pain_prolotherapy.htm (725 words)

	RUPTURE OF THE PUBIC SYMPHYSIS
		Lesions of the pubic symphysis are common in patients who have sustained blunt trauma, such as traffic accidents or falls from a large height.
		Measurement of the symphysis migration was done by x-ray and ultrasound.
		After exact reconstruction of the symphysis and the pelvis, most of the patients were free of pain and had excellent results.
	www.kfshrc.edu.sa /annals/196/99-015A.html (1045 words)

	Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction : UK Midwifery Archives
		She has severe symphysis pubis pain, has been to the Physio, has analgesia from GP and support belt etc. She is still in a lot of pain, but does not want to go into hospital for bedrest as has other small children to look after.
		I am very seriously considering a c-section as means of delivery as the post-natal pain was worse than the antenatal pain and nearly drove me to depression and caused serious problems in caring for my child, particularly in the first year, but also in general and certainly now with this next pregnancy.
		In a semi-prone, sitting back position, as the baby's head comes through the pelvis, it is the symphysis pubis which moves.
	www.radmid.demon.co.uk /dsp.htm (3151 words)

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