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Topic: Synapsida

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	Sauropsid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sauropsida is an amniote clade that includes all recent and all or almost all extinct reptiles (excluding the Synapsida), and birds.
		He also reinterpreted the Sauropsida and Theropsida to exclude birds and mammals respectively. Sauropsida thus came to refer to the Procolophonia, Eosuchia, Millerosauria, Cheloniana (turtles), Squamata (lizards and snakes), Rhynchocephalia, Crocodilia, Thecodontia, Dinosaurs, Pterosaurs, Ichthyosaurs, and Sauropterygia; while the Theropsida (=Synapsida) included the Pelycosaurs and the Therapsida (mammal-like reptiles).
		The term "Theropsida" is replaced by Synapsida, which now refers to both the old subclass Synapsida and the mammals.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sauropsida (378 words)

	Introduction to the Synapsida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The mammals of today are but one branch of the Synapsida, a great vertebrate group with a 300 million year history.
		Pre-mammalian synapsids -- including the famous "finback" Dimetrodon, shown at the top left -- dominated the land vertebrate fauna of the Permian and early Triassic before losing ground to the diversifying dinosaurs and other archosaurs.
		Visit Jack Conrad's pages on Synapsida for additional information.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /synapsids/synapsida.html (109 words)

	Palaeos Vertebrates 390.000 Synapsida Overview
		Cladistically, the Synapsida are a vertical clade, not a horizontal class.
		Hence the term Synapsida refers to a major monophyletic group in the present cladistic interpretation of tetrapod evolution.
		But confusion can come about because the term Synapsida is also used in the Linnean/Evolutionary system to refer to all theropsids except mammals.
	www.palaeos.com /Vertebrates/Units/Unit390/000.html (1735 words)

	Introduction to the Pelycosaurs
		The "pelycosaurs" are members of the Synapsida, a major branch of the Amniota, or egg-laying tetrapods.
		Visit the Synapsida pages at the Tree of Life, which includes a full discussion of the autapomorphies of the main clades of synapsids, with a focus on the basal (pelycosaur) groups.
		Ghost lineages and "mammalness": Assessing the temporal pattern of character acquisition in the Synapsida.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /synapsids/pelycosaurs.html (1258 words)

	Reptile -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		One group, the (Extinct reptile having a single pair of lateral temporal openings in the skull) Synapsida, had a pair of holes in their skulls behind the eyes, which were used to both lighten the skull and to increase the space for jaw muscles.
		The Synapsida eventually evolved into mammals, while Diapsida split yet again into two lineages, the lepidosaurs (which contain modern snakes, lizards and tuataras, as well as (debatably) the extinct sea reptiles of the Mesozoic) and the archosaurs (modernly represented by only crocodiles and birds, but containing pterosaurs and dinosaurs).
		Reptiles have closed circulation via three-chambered heart, two atria and one ventricle, usually one pair of aortic arches, except for (Extant archosaurian reptile) Crocodilians, which have a four-chambered heart.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/r/re/reptile.htm (1213 words)

	Get information about synapsida at nanopet.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Synapsida: Systematics Synapsid classification has undergone tremendous change in recent years; most of the traditional group...
		Hopson J. Systematics of the nonmammalian Synapsida and implications for patterns of evolution in synapsids.
		The two clades diverged very early in the history of amniote evolution, some time during the late...
	www.nanopet.com /find/synapsida.aspx (235 words)

	Synapsida (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Ghost lineages and mammalness : Assessing the temporal pattern of character acquisition in the Synapsida.
		Sidor and J.A. Hopson's Ghost Lineages and `Mammalnes': Assessing the Temporal Pattern of Character Acquisition in the Synapsida (Paleontology, 24 (2), 1998, Appendix 2, pp.
		The reptilian subclasses Diapsida and Synapsida and the early history of the Diaptosauria (Memoirs of the American Museu...
	enciclopedia.cc /Synapsida (132 words)

	Synapsid Reptiles
		This is the firstpage of the lecture notes on the evolutionary trends of the synapsida.
		These animals started to diminishin terms of diversity, and then through the sequence of evolutionarychanges that I'll be telling you about, they were transformedinto these mammals which ended up being important to us in hindsight.
		This is theorder that arose from the captorhinomorphs.
	www.csupomona.edu /~dfhoyt/classes/zoo138/SYNAPSID.HTML (4532 words)

	Field Trip Report (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		First, there is the Synapsida, mammal-like reptiles which later evolved into mammals.
		This was all very interesting, but I could not figure out why Synapsida are believed to have evolved into mammals.
		Not much was given as evidence of this except for the comparison of the eye socket in some Synapsida and mammals.
	www.wam.umd.edu /~johnnyb1/fieldtrip[1].html (522 words)

	iqexpand.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Synapsida: Systematics Synapsid classification has undergone tremendous change in recent years; most of the traditional groupings have been discovered to be paraphyletic.
		of the lower Permian (partial) Phylogenetic Relationships Content updated September 26, 2005 SYNAPSIDA Synapsida is a group of amniotes characterized by the presence of a lower temporal fenestration...
		Synapsida Synapsida (synapsids) Pictures Specimens Sounds Classification What do these icons mean?
	synapsida.iqexpand.com (626 words)

	Abebooks Search Results - Synapsida
		Reinterpretation of vertebral structure in the Early Permian Pelycosaur Varanosaurus acutirostris (Amniota, Synapsida).
		Aerosaurus wellesi, new species, a varnopseid mammal-like reptile (Synapsida: Pelycosauria) from the Lower Permian of New Mexico.
		Synapsida : A New Look into the Origin of Mammals
	www.abebooks.co.uk /search/sortby/3/kn/Synapsida (1054 words)

	Synapsida
		Langston, W. and Reisz, R. Aerosaurus wellesi, new species, a varanopseid mammal-like reptile (Synapsida: Pelycosauria) from the Lower Permian of New Mexico.
		Laurin, M. and Reisz, R. R., 1996: The osteology and relationships of Tetraceratops insignis, the oldest known therapsid.
		Laurin, M. and Reisz, R. R., 1997-: Synapsida - Mammals and their extinct relatives.
	www.fmnh.helsinki.fi /users/haaramo/Metazoa/Deuterostoma/Chordata/Synapsida/Synapsida_1.htm (202 words)

	synapsida - OneLook Dictionary Search
		We found 6 dictionaries with English definitions that include the word synapsida:
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "synapsida" is defined.
		synapsida : WordNet 1.7 Vocabulary Helper [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /?w=synapsida (88 words)

	Resource of the American Scientific Affiliation: Taxonomy, Transitional Forms, and the Fossil Record by Keith B. Miller
		(A through D from "Systematics of the nonmammalian Synapsida and implications for patterns of evolution in synapsids" by J.A. Hopson [1991], published in Origins of the Higher Groups of Tetrapods: Controversy and Consensus edited by H.-P. Schultze and L. Trueb.
		Used by permission of the publisher, Cornell University Press.
		Hopson, J.A., 1991, Systematics of the nonmammalian Synapsida and implications for patterns of evolution in synapsids.
	www.asa3.org /ASA/resources/Miller.html (6672 words)

	subclass Synapsida - Definition of subclass Synapsida by Webster's Online Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		subclass Synapsida - Definition of subclass Synapsida by Webster's Online Dictionary
		subclass Synapsida - extinct reptiles of the Permian to Jurassic considered ancestral to mammals
		class, class Reptilia, Ictodosauria, order Ictodosauria, order Pelycosauria, order Therapsida, Pelycosauria, Reptilia, Synapsida, Therapsida
	www.webster-dictionary.org /definition/subclass%20Synapsida (49 words)

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