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	Syngas Production and Fermentation
		Syngas (from synthesis gas) is the name given to a gas mixture that contains varying amounts of carbon monoxide and hydrogen generated by the gasification of a carbon-containing fuel to a gaseous product with a heating value.
		Syngas is also used as an intermediate in producing synthetic petroleum for use as a fuel or lubricant via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and previously the Mobil methanol to gasoline process.
		Syngas consists primarily of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and has less than half the energy density of natural gas.
	www.juliantrubin.com /encyclopedia/renewable_energy/syngas.html (700 words)

	What is Syngas - BioFuel Information
		Some of the examples of syngas are as follows – gasification of coal, waste to energy gasification, steam reforming of natural gas to generate hydrogen.
		Syngas is also an intermediate in creating synthetic petroleum to use as a lubricant or fuel.
		The use of syngas as a fuel is accomplished by the gasification of coal or municipal waste.
	biofuel.org.uk /what-is-syngas.html (488 words)

	Syngas - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Syngas (from synthesised gas) is the name given to gases of varying composition that are generated in coal gasification and some types of waste-to-energy facilities.
		The name comes from their use in creating synthetic petroleum for use as a fuel or lubricant via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.
		Syngas consists primarily of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and has less than half the energy density of natural gas.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Syngas (213 words)

	Energy Business Daily » What is Syngas?
		Syngas for use as a fuel is most often produced by gasification of coal or municipal waste.
		Syngas can also be converted to methane, methanol, ammonia and other chemicals.
		In conclusion, the syngas produced in large waste to energy gasification facilities is used as fuel to generate Electricity.
	energybusinessdaily.com /oil__gas/what-is-syngas (607 words)

	SYNGAS International • News
		January 11, 2006 – Las Vegas NV, Edmonton AB – Syngas International Corp. (OTCBB:SYNI), www.syngasinternational.com is pleased to announce that the Company’s project to supply gasification technology for a medical waste plant in Alberta has achieved a new milestone.
		Syngas was to receive roughly $2 million per annum as its percentage of revenues under this scenario.
		The project now calls for Syngas to be an equal joint venture partner in the project which has estimated revenues of $7.0 million plus per annum.
	www.syngasinternational.com /01112006.html (438 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Syngas generation involves converting natural gas, which is mostly methane, to synthesis or syngas gas, which is a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
		Syngas may be used as a feedstock for producing a wide range of chemicals, including combustible liquid fuels, methanol, acetic acid, dimethyl ether, oxo alcohols, and isocyanates.
		Before passing the second syngas to a second Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor, it is desirable to decrease the H2/CO ratio in the second syngas to a desired ratio appropriate for the catalyst and conditions of the second Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=04/00772.031231&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (10315 words)

	A Reverse Flow Catalytic Membrane Reactor for the Production of Syngas: An Experimental Study
		is fed distributively to the syngas compartment, thereby avoiding possibly explosive feed mixtures and hot spots.
		To demonstrate the RFCMR concept an experimental set-up was constructed with a single shell-and-tube design, from which axial temperature profiles and the composition of the produced syngas could be measured.
		This set-up was first operated as a conventional reverse flow reactor and it was found that radial heat losses have a major influence on the axial temperature profiles as expected, but that suitable temperature profiles could be established.
	www.bepress.com /ijcre/vol3/A12 (486 words)

	Wood gas - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Wood gasifier on a Ford truck converted to a tractor (an EPA tractor).
		Wood gas, also known as producer gas, syngas, water gas, holzgas, air gas or blue gas, is the product of thermal gasification of biomass or other carbon containing materials such as coal in a gasifier.
		It is the result of a high temperature reaction (>700 °C), where carbon reacts with steam or a limited amount of air or oxygen producing carbon monoxide (CO), molecular hydrogen (H
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Producer_gas (905 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The choice of technology for syngas generation is strongly influenced by the available feedstock as well as the gas composition best suited to the downstream consuming process.
		Syngas technology selection depends heavily on a number of factors, including the quality of feedstock available and availability of other raw materials such as oxygen, and the decision of which technology is most appropriate for a particular plant must be assessed on a case-by-case basis.
		For completeness of understanding, end use processes utilizing syngas are presented in moderate detail so as to familiarize the reader with the technologies offered by the top providers and highlight interactions between syngas and end use processes.
	www.chemsystems.com /newsletters/perp/May05_N03S4.cfm (1842 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		CO, and upgrading the synthesized hydrocarbons, wherein the hydrogen is used for at least one of (a) hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst rejuvenation and (b) upgrading at least a portion of the synthesized hydrocarbons by at least one hydroconversion operation.
		The hydrocarbon synthesis is accomplished by reacting the syngas in an HCS reaction zone or reactor, in the presence of a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst, at
		In this embodiment, at least one of (a) a portion of the syngas and (b) the CO rich offgas resulting from physically separating hydrogen from the syngas, are fed into a water gas shift reactor in the presence of steam and a water gas shift catalyst to form a mixture
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=99/41217.990819&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (5036 words)

	Login - SYNGAS Refiner
		Thus, Syngas Refiner fills a niche specific to the gasification and syngas-to-products industries.
		Coal gasification for power generation has been under development for some time now; however, the new twist is using the syngas in fertilizer and methanol plants that have been shutdown because of high gas prices, especially in the United States.
		Syngas Refiner Newsletter is dedicated and committed to finding and reporting new applications across a wide variety of feedstocks and end products.
	www.syngasrefiner.com /login_start.asp (410 words)

	Offsite Thermal Treatment of Low-level Mixed Waste, DOE/RL-1135
		The system byproduct is a fuel gas, referred to as synthesis gas or 'syngas', that is treated and converted to a stabilized form, water and carbon dioxide, before being discharged to the atmosphere.
		The syngas byproduct discharged from the process chamber would be a mix of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, steam, acid gases, particulates, and low-temperature vaporized metals.
		Syngas would be converted to carbon dioxide and water vapor in an insulated chamber filled with a heat-exchange media such as silica/alumina pebbles.
	www.hanford.gov /rl/uploadfiles/ea/ea1135/section-2.html (4389 words)

	Hydrogen Separations in Syngas Processes - Membrane Technology and Research, Inc.
		When syngas is used to produce chemicals such as methanol and ammonia, the synthesis loop must be purged continuously to avoid buildup of inert gases such as argon and methane.
		These purge streams are mainly syngas – if the hydrogen in the purge stream can be purified, it has significant value for recycle to the process or for reuse in a nearby refinery or chemical plant.
		Efficient syngas and hydrogen recovery: membrane systems typically recover 90% to 98% of feed CO and produce a hydrogen product at 85 to 95 vol% purity.
	www.mtrinc.com /hydrogen_separation_in_syngas_processes.html (415 words)

	:: Welcome To Jeruz Energy ::
		The Syngas proprietary technology represents the culmination of years of persistent research to provide an environmentally sound alternative to current energy generation programs.
		Each Syngas System, is independently tested, ensuring that it meets and exceeds the requirements of the newest EPA regulations, the newest European Union regulations and all appropiate operations and the most stringent emissions standards of any of Syngas' client's jurisdictions.
		Syngas International Corp. believes that our obligation to the environment arises not only from an ethical responsibility to our fellow stakeholders on the planet, but also from our responsibility to safeguard the trust of our shareholders and employees.
	www.jeruzenergy.com /jeruz_syngas.php (241 words)

	SOFCo-EFS: Bench Brat(TM) Portable Syngas Generator for SOFCs and hydrogen separation (Site not responding. Last check: )
		portable syngas generator is a useful tool for researchers conducting work in the area of solid oxide fuel cells as well as other hydrogen and syngas technologies, such as hydrogen separation and advanced combustion.
		portable syngas generator provide the user with flexibility in selecting the amount of syngas to be produced and the oxygen-to-carbon ratio of the reformed gas.
		portable syngas generator will be a useful tool for universities, government and private laboratories conducting research on solid oxide fuel cells and related hydrogen and synthesis gas technologies.
	www.sofco-efs.com /solutions/BenchBrat (448 words)

	Syngas Production and Conversion to Products
		Syngas derived from the gasification of coal, biomass, petcoke, resid and heavy oils is proving to be a versatile pathway with numerous environmental and economic advantages.
		Syngas producers need to understand the challenges and opportunities as they pertain to feedstock costs and flexibilities.
		Syngas converters (i.e., producers of ammonia, methanol, oxochemicals and alternative fuels) need to assess recent technological improvements and the roles to be played by catalyst producers and licensors.
	www.catalystgrp.com /SyngasProduction.html (338 words)

	Intermittent application of syngas to NOx trap and/or diesel engine - Patent 6964156
		In a first embodiment, the syngas is diverted into the EGR during the time when the syngas is not needed for its principal application, such as NOx trap regeneration.
		When syngas is not required, the controller 40, via the signal 39, will cause the setting of the two-way valve 33 to apply syngas to an EGR line 43 that receives exhaust through a conventional EGR valve 44 from the exhaust line 23.
		When syngas is not required by the NOx traps, the valves 50, 51 are closed off by a signal 53 from the controller 40 so that the major flows of exhaust and fuel are no longer provided to the CPO 30.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6964156.html (1846 words)

	Syngas 101 - Biomass Magazine
		At the moment, the former is the glitzy star at the center of the renewable fuels stage, while the latter—the understudy to these microbial wonders—is gaining a reputation for robust consistency and efficiency.
		The principal components of syngas are carbon monoxide and hydrogen but the concentrations of these and the presence of other minor molecules can be tailored by using different thermochemical reaction conditions.
		Although producer gas doesn’t have as high a concentration of carbon monoxide and hydrogen as syngas, it can be made very clean with appropriate gas conditioning and as such it can be used as a replacement for natural gas and burned to fuel equipment like fired boilers and direct-fired dryers, Smeenk explains.
	www.biomassmagazine.com /article.jsp?article_id=1399 (1020 words)

	Syngas International’s Innovative PyStR Technology Sequesters CO2; Expected to Substantially Increase Oil ...
		CALGARY, AB (PRWEB) February 25, 2006 -- Syngas International (BB: SYNI) is proud to announce that its carbon dioxide sequestration technology, a component of its innovative PyStR technology, is complete.
		Syngas, through its PyStR hydrogen production process, can capture CO2 that is produced either as a primary or bi-product.
		Syngas International Corp. (SYNI), through its subsidiary, Syngas Energy Corp., is an emerging leader in the development and marketing of low-cost alternate fuels worldwide.
	www.prweb.com /releases/2006/2/prweb350860.htm (761 words)

	Green Car Congress: Canadian Project to Field Test New Syngas-Based Diesel Emission Reduction System
		The syngas technology also has the potential to enable manufacturers to increase fuel economy by reducing fuel requirements for regeneration of diesel particulate filters, according to the company.
		The Syngas Generator is the core of the system, and uses partial oxidation reactions to convert the diesel fuel and engine exhaust into hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
		Syngas can be used in a gas turbine to generate electricity or run a powerful turbo to boost the engine.
	www.greencarcongress.com /2008/03/canadian-projec.html (1110 words)

	Comparing Syngas with hydrogen-rich TrueFuel
		Syngas is primarily made up of carbon monoxide and hydrogen gases.
		Syngas can be produced from almost any kind of hydrocarbon, including coal, oil and natural gas, by the application of high temperature and steam.
		Burning Syngas can also produce other polluting emissions, including NO We believe that TrueFuel is a superior fuel to Syngas.
	www.advancedenergyresearch.com /syngas.htm (193 words)

	Controlling syngas H2:CO ratio by controlling feed hydrocarbon composition - Patent 6773691
		In addition, syngas may be used for the manufacture of ammonia, hydrogen, methanol, and other chemicals.
		Less traditional uses of syngas continue to be developed and have increased in importance in recent years, such as in the production of acetic acid and acetic anhydride manufacture.
		As noted above, one method of producing syngas with a molar ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide of between about 2:1 and about 1:1 is by the partial oxidation of methane followed by the CO reforming of methane.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6773691.html (3854 words)

	Syngas - BioenergyWiki
		Syngas, or synthesis gas, refers to a gas mixture that contains different amounts of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen, produced from the gasification of biomass or fossil fuels.
		Syngas can be burned directly to produce heat or power.
		Syngas can be converted into a wide range of liquid biofuels including synthetic diesel, methanol, DME, and others.
	www.bioenergywiki.net /index.php/Syngas (153 words)

	Theoretical Analysis of Fluidized-Bed Reactor for Dimethyl Ether Synthesis from Syngas
		As the reactions are highly exothermic and the temperature window of the catalyst is very narrow, the fixed-bed reactor provides a limited heat removal capability and a low conversion of the syngas.
		In this paper, a two-phase model is used to theoretically analyze the DME synthesis in a fluidized bed reactor, with both phases assumed to be in plug flow and taking into account the changes in bubble diameter resulting from the reaction.
		Therefore, the fluidized-bed is the most promising candidate reactor for conducting the DME synthesis from syngas.
	www.bepress.com /ijcre/vol1/S2 (374 words)

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