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Topic: Synovium

Related Topics

Synovial fluid

Joint (disambiguation)

Arthrosis

Rheumatoid arthritis

Tenosynovitis

Tumor necrosis factor

Skin

Endochondral ossification

Bone

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Cytokine

Autoimmune disease

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate

Median nerve

Rheumatoid factor

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	Synovium - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Synovium is the name given to the soft tissue which lines the non-cartilaginous surfaces within joints with cavities.
		The word synovium comes from a Latin word meaning "with egg," because the synovial fluid in joints that have a cavity between the bearing surfaces is like egg white.
		The surface of synovium may be flat or may be covered with finger-like projections or villi, which probably help to allow the soft tissue to change shape as the joint surfaces move one on another.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Synovium (707 words)

	Synovium -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The synovium or synovial membrane is a thin, weak layer of (A soft thin (usually translucent) paper) tissue which lines the non-cartilaginous surfaces within the (Junction by which parts or objects are joined together) joint space, sealing it from the surrounding tissue.
		It can become irritated and thickened in conditions such as (A chronic autoimmune disease with inflammation of the joints and marked deformities; something (possibly a virus) triggers an attack on the synovium by the immune system, which releases cytokines that stimulate an inflammatory reaction that can lead to th) rheumatoid arthritis.
		When this happens, the synovium can become more of a problem for the joint, and sometimes must be removed.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/sy/synovium.htm (136 words)

	Urocortin Expression in Synovium of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis: Relation to Inflammatory ...
		The extent and intensity of staining with anti-urocortin antibody in the synovium from patients with RA and OA was graded 0–4+ by blinded observers on synovial specimens from 19 RA and 16 OA patients.
		The correlation between immunoreactive urocortin expression and mononuclear cell infiltration in the synovium from patients with RA and OA was examined.
		The extent and intensity of staining with anti-CRH receptor antibody in the synovium from patients with RA and OA was graded 0–4+ by blinded observers on synovial specimens from 10 RA and 12 OA patients.
	jcem.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/86/9/4344 (5097 words)

	Optimal condition of in vitro CHONDROGENESIS of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human synovium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		For in vitro chondrogenesis, synovium derived-MSCs were pelleted and cultured in DMEM as previously reported in bone marrow-derived MSCs.
		Larger cartilage pellet can be acquired with synovium MSC than with bone-marrow MSCs, with which it is difficult to make cartilage more than 2 mm diameter using a similar method, according to our intensive study.
		Synovium derived-MSC can be used for cell-based therapeutic approaches for cartilage repair.
	www.celltherapy.org /NMSCAbs03/posterpres/p52_2003.htm (303 words)

	Rheumatoid Arthritis: Symptoms
		Rheumatoid arthritis develops when the immune system's white blood cells attack healthy tissues, a process called an "autoimmune response." The most common target is the lining of a joint, called the synovium, but damage can also occur in organs such as the heart, lungs, and eyes.
		When the joints are targeted, the synovium becomes inflamed during the assault.
		As the disease progresses, the inflamed synovium invades and erodes the cartilage and bone within the joint.
	webmd.com /content/pages/11/1834_50986.htm?3Fz=1834_50984_6430_nd_01 (188 words)

	Expression of the precursor of secretoneurin, secretogranin II, in the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis ...
		Expression of the precursor of secretoneurin, secretogranin II, in the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
		Expression of the precursor of secretoneurin, secretogranin II, in the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.SN protein was also detected by immunohistochemistry.
		As secretogranin II (SGII) is the precursor of SN, we investigated expression of SGII mRNA and SN protein in the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA).
	www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gp/8649724.html (343 words)

	Homing of Mucosal Leukocytes to Joints . Distinct Endothelial Ligands in Synovium Mediate Leukocyte-subtype Specific ...
		Arthritis is characterized by villous hypertrophy, vascular proliferation, and lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of synovium.
		We have shown earlier that inflamed synovium represents a functionally distinct recirculatory entity (6, 7).
		Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression in synovium and on fibroblastlike synoviocytes.
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/99/9/2165 (4486 words)

	[ Member Story - Think Positively, Be Diligent ]
		The deciding test was a sonogram on the knuckles of both hands, showing inflammation in the synovium (a membrane lining the joints).
		RA develops when the immune system's white blood cells attack healthy tissues, a process called an "autoimmune response." The most common target is the lining of a joint, called the synovium, but damage can also occur in organs such as the heart, lungs, and eyes.
		The synovium becomes inflamed during the assault, and the cartilage that cushions the joint starts to expand.
	www.webmd.com /content/pages/13/65798 (988 words)

	Expression of the α Eß7 Integrin by Mast Cells in Rheumatoid Synovium
		Expression of the α Eß7 Integrin by Mast Cells in Rheumatoid Synovium
		Rheumatoid synovitis is characterized by a mast cell response in which tryptase containing mast cells (MC) associate with T lymphocyte infiltration, and tryptase and chymase containing mast cells (MC) correlate more closely with tissue damage or repair events.
		7 integrin and its ligand E-cadherin in rheumatoid and normal synovium and compared this expression to synovial mast cell responses.
	www.jrheum.com /abstracts/abstracts00/2754.html (249 words)

	A Histochemical Study of the Rheumatoid Synovium: Focus on Nitric Oxide, Nerve Growth Factor High Affinity Receptor, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by massive cell proliferation, neoangiogenesis, and apoptosis.
		Synovium of 15 patients with RA in active phase and synovium of 14 patients without synovial inflammation were processed for histochemical (NADPH-diaphorase) and immunohistochemical visualization of different isoforms for the NO synthesis enzyme NO synthase (NOS) and for NGF high affinity receptor trkA.
		We suggest that all elements involved in the transduction pathway that is activated by NGF and that proceeds through NO and tumor suppressor p53 are present in the synovium during RA, controlling cell cycle arrest, cell differentiation, and apoptosis.
	www.jrheum.com /abstracts/abstracts00/1121.html (227 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The synovium, which is the membrane lining the joint, becomes inflamed and represents the target tissue for therapy.
		When a joint is unresponsive to drug treatment, physical removal of the synovium, termed synovectomy, becomes necessary.
		Previous studies have shown that the uptake of{sup 10}B by human arthritic synovium ex vivo is high, ranging from 194 to 545 ppm with an unenriched boron compound.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=552709 (284 words)

	Arthritis Research & Therapy \| Full text \| Chemokine receptors in the rheumatoid synovium: upregulation of CXCR5 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		T cells are reported to be present in the RA synovium and SF, where levels of this marker are elevated compared with controls [42,43].
		There have been several reports of endothelial cells in the RA synovium expressing chemokine receptors, including CXCR3 and CXCR4, in addition to the Duffy antigen that is a non-signalling chemokine receptor [18,47-49].
		In the RA synovium there is increased turnover of blood vessels with enhanced formation of new blood vessels together with enhanced vascular regression [50,51].
	arthritis-research.com /content/7/2/R217 (6315 words)

	Johns Hopkins Arthritis Provides Information on the Pathophysiology of Rheumatoid Arthritis
		The synovium, in normal joints, is a thin delicate lining that serves several important functions.
		The synovium serves as an important source of nutrients for cartilage since cartilage itself is avascular.
		The hypertrophied rheumatoid synovium begins its invasion of bone at these sites of attachment and this is seen radiographically as erosions on either or both sides of the joint.
	www.hopkins-arthritis.som.jhmi.edu /rheumatoid/rheum_clin_path.html (3335 words)

	Model studies directed toward the application of boron neutron capture therapy to rheumatoid arthritis: Boron delivery ...
		synovium was 29 µg of boron per g of tissue.
		Because the synovium is the principal target in RA and behaves much like a local malignancy, the use of boron neutron capture
		The accumulated boron in the synovium increased from
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/95/5/2531 (2409 words)

	Arthritis Research & Therapy \| Full text \| The stressed synovium
		Several pathways of stress signalling molecules are found to be activated in the synovial membrane of rheumatoid arthritis; of these the most important examples are heat shock proteins, mitogen-activated protein kinases, stress-activated protein kinases and molecules involved in the oxidative stress pathways.
		This would be in line with the observation of the low frequency of apoptosis in rheumatoid synovium despite the abundance of apoptosis-inducing factors [35,36].
		Differential activation of MAPK/SAPK in the synovial subcompartments of RA As well as physical stress factors, the synovial membrane is targeted by a number of proinflammatory cytokines, which trigger and fuel the chronic inflammatory process in the synovium by governing a variety of pathophysiological processes including cell activation, cell proliferation, tissue resorption and chemotaxis [39,40,41].
	arthritis-research.com /content/3/2/80 (4714 words)

	Arthritis Research & Therapy \| Full text \| Chemokine receptors in the rheumatoid synovium: upregulation of CXCR5
		Chemokine receptors in the rheumatoid synovium: upregulation of CXCR5
		Bob/GPR15 is an orphan receptor that is a coreceptor for human and simian immunodeficiency viruses, and its expression in the RA synovium is a novel observation that might be worthy of further investigation.
		Since lymphoid neogenesis occurs in the RA synovium it is possible that the CXCR5 expression on T cells as shown in the present study is involved in the positioning of these cells within the synovium and in providing B-cell help, although further studies are required to characterize this synovial T-cell population.
	www.arabmedmag.com /issue-28-02-2005/rheumatology/main02.htm (6402 words)

	A comparative phenotypical analysis of rheumatoid nodules and rheumatoid synovium with special reference to adhesion ...
		vitro adherence to rheumatoid synovium and rheumatoid nodules,
		The endothelial ligands of a number of these molecules were studied in both rheumatoid nodules and synovium of the same patients.
		Lazarovits AI, Karsh J. Differential expression in rheumatoid synovium and synovial fluid of alpha 4 beta 7 integrin.
	ard.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/57/8/480 (3569 words)

	[The abnormalities of the cellular immunity in rheumatoid synovium]
		With the technique of immunohistochemical (ABC) method monoclonal antibodies were used to identify the lymphocyte subsets, macrophage and the expression of class II MHC (HLA-DR, HLA-DQ) antigens in the synovium cells from 18 RA patients and 8 patients with osteoarthritis as control.
		The results showed that the main cellular abnormality at the sublayer of the synovium was the appearance of lymphoid follicles which mainly consisted of the infiltration of T lymphocytes (77.8%).50.6% of them were CD4+, which mainly consisted by of CD45RO+ cells in the rheumatoid synovium on the consecutive sections.
		It is suggested that the activated lymphocytes, macrophages and endothelium cells and their abnormal distribution may indicate the abnormalities of the cellular immunity in rheumatoid synovium.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1995/jul/M9570439.html (516 words)

	Anatomic Localization of Immature and Mature Dendritic Cells in an Ectopic Lymphoid Organ: Correlation with Selective ...
		cells (red) in RA synovium are detected at the periphery of the perivascular or lymphocytic infiltrates in RA synovium (C) and in GC and T cell zone in tonsils (D).
		DC and the expression of CCL20 in RA synovium.
		CCL19 and CCL21 are detected in perivascular infiltrates and vascular endothelium in RA synovium and tonsils.
	www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/168/10/5333 (5516 words)

	[No title]
		The neurons kill the synovium to stop it from growing abnormally and painfully invading cartilage and bone.
		She is testing the technique on rabbits and hopes to test it on humans in a few years.
		Radiation from the decay kills the synovium and vanishes as soon as the neutron beam is turned off, since boron itself is not radioactive.
	www.arthritissupport.com /library/print.cfm?ID=5&t=Arthritis (597 words)

	Synovium as a Source of Increased Amino-terminal Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein Expression in Rheumatoid Arthritis ...
		Synovium as a Source of Increased Amino-terminal Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein Expression in Rheumatoid Arthritis.
		with increased frequency in the rheumatoid synovium (41, 42).
		Yeo, and N.J. Zvaifler (1995) Apoptosis in rheumatoid arthritis synovium.
	www.jci.org /cgi/content/full/101/7/1362 (6597 words)

	Accumulation of iron in rheumatoid arthritis synovium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Since 2001, over 90,000 cyclist's have joined Cycling Forums to discuss topics from general cycling to equipment, training, racing and travel or vacation destinations (especially in europe during the tour de france).
		synovium which may lead to damage to synovial fibroblasts,
		>>in the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis
	www.cyclingforums.com /showthread/t-104407.html (1143 words)

	Human synovium releases a factor which stimulates chondrocyte production of PGE and plasminogen activator (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		have shown that when porcine synovium and cartilage are maintained in the same organ co-culture system, destruction of the cartilage matrix occurs.
		The purpose of our present study was to examine whether this interaction between synovium and cartilage occurs with human tissue and to examine the mechanisms in more detail.
		We have, therefore, investigated the effects of normal and rheumatoid synovial tissue on chondrocytes derived from human articular cartilage.
	www.nature.com /cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/nature/journal/v286/n5776/abs/286891a0.html (412 words)

	Inflammation, Immune Reactivity, and Angiogenesis in a Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis ...
		of the earliest histopathological alterations in the synovium
		synovium was studied in fresh rheumatoid synovium and in grafts.
		vessels in RA synovium and in RA grafts.
	ajp.amjpathol.org /cgi/content/full/160/1/357 (5844 words)

	UpToDate Synovial pathology in rheumatoid arthritis
		An overview of the histologic features of normal synovium and the changes that are characteristic of RA is presented first, which is followed by a discussion of the synovial response to treatment.
		In the normal state, the synovium is a thin membrane that attaches to skeletal tissues at the bone-cartilage interface, and does not encroach upon the surface of articular cartilage.
		The synovial intima (also termed synovial lining cell layer) is the most superficial layer of the normal synovium, and is in contact with the intraarticular cavity.
	patients.uptodate.com /topic.asp?file=rheumart/2196 (613 words)

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