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Synthetic biology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In the same tradition, some aspects of synthetic biology can be viewed as an extension and application of synthetic chemistry to biology, and include work ranging from the creation of useful new biochemicals to studying the origins of life. Synthetic Biology includes the broad redefinition and expansion of biotechnology, with the ultimate goals of being able to design and build engineered biological systems that process information, manipulate chemicals, fabricate materials, produce energy, provide food, and maintain and enhance human health and our environment. The study of synthetic biology can lead to cures for malaria, which kills millions annually, but also could lead to a redesign of the smallpox organism to be used as a weapon for which there would be no current immunological defense. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Synthetic_biology   (999 words)

synthetic genomics, inc. - about synthetic genomics Genome composition, regulatory circuits, signaling pathways and numerous other aspects of organism gene and protein function will be better understood through construction of a synthetic genome. Synthetic Genomics, Inc. is developing new scientific processes to enable industry to design and test desired genetic modifications. Synthetic Genomics, Inc. intends to synthesize the proposed minimal genome, add the desired biological capabilities, and insert it into an environment that allows metabolic activity and replication – the creation of a synthetic cell. www.syntheticgenomics.com /about.htm   (1065 words)

The New Atlantis - The Promise and Perils of Synthetic Biology - Jonathan B. Tucker and Raymond A. Zilinskas Synthetic biology is another transformative innovation that will make it possible to build living machines from off-the-shelf chemical ingredients, employing many of the same strategies that electrical engineers use to make computer chips. Although synthetic biology is chiefly an engineering discipline, the ability to design and construct simplified biological systems offers life scientists a useful way to test their understanding of the complex functional networks of genes and biomolecules that mediate life processes. The main difference between genetic engineering and synthetic biology is that whereas the former involves the transfer of individual genes from one species to another, the latter envisions the assembly of novel microbial genomes from a set of standardized genetic parts. www.thenewatlantis.com /archive/12/tuckerzilinskas.htm   (7359 words)

Study to explore risks, benefits of synthetic genomics - MIT News Office "The field of synthetic genomics has the potential for groundbreaking scientific advances, including the development of alternative energy sources, and the production of new vaccines and pharmaceuticals," said J. Craig Venter, founder and president of the Venter Institute. "Synthetic genomics has the potential to enable significant societal, environmental and medical benefits, and with this study we are trying to help ensure that outcome." Engineering biology - The first international meeting on synthetic biology, bringing together biologists and computer scientists from around the world, was held at MIT last month. web.mit.edu /newsoffice/2005/syntheticbio.html   (352 words)

Pharmalicensing.com Synthetic biology is a new discipline that brings together engineering, biology, chemistry, and information technology to take genetics and genomics to the next level. CODA Genomics was the third synthetic biology company to receive venture funding in 2005: In October, it raised about $0.8 million in Series A funding from the Tech Coast Angels, which claims to be the largest U.S.-based angel investor network. According to CODA Genomics, optimizing codon usage is really insufficient to overcome this protein expression problem, so the company goes one step further to control the translation kinetics, i.e., regulating the speed of protein elongation during translation. pharmalicensing.com /features/disp/1139322935_43e8b037544cc   (2369 words)

Synthetic Biology: FAQ Biologists are interested in synthetic biology because it provides a complementary perspective from which to consider, analyze, and ultimately understand the living world. Physicists, chemists and others are interested in synthetic biology as an approach with which to probe the behavior of molecules and their activity inside living cells. Imaginable hazards associated with synthetic biology include (a) the accidental release of an unintentionally harmful organism or system, (b) the purposeful design and release of an intentionally harmful organism or system, (c) a future over-reliance on our ability to design and maintain engineered biological systems in an otherwise natural world. syntheticbiology.org /FAQ.html   (1092 words)

Synthetic Genomics, Inc. :: Synthetic Genomics, Inc. Launched to Develop New Approaches to Biological Energy   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11) Synthetic Genomics, Inc.'s initial focus will be on ethanol and hydrogen production. Synthetic Genomics, Inc. will collaborate with and sponsor research at the J. Craig Venter Institute, a non-profit institution with approximately 200 staff and scientists with expertise in genomics, microbiology, human and evolutionary biology, bioinformatics, high throughput DNA sequencing, environmental biology, information technology, biological energy research, and synthetic biology. Synthetic Genomics, Inc. was founded in 2005 to develop and commercialize synthetic biology. sev.prnewswire.com /biotechnology/20050629/NYW06829062005-1.html   (543 words)

Eberly College of Science | Genomics Expert Venter to Present 2006 Eberly Family Distinguished Lecture in Science on 28 ... Venter and his team recently have published several important papers outlining advances in genomics research, including environmental-genomics advances resulting from the characterization of more than one million new genes discovered using the whole-genome shotgun-sequencing technique on large populations of microbes collected from samples of seawater from the Sargasso Sea near Bermuda. They also have outlined advances in synthetic biology as a result of their development of a synthetic version of the virus PhiX-174-a first step toward the goal of creating a synthetic bacterium from the ground up, using genes as building blocks. Venter also is president of the J. Craig Venter Institute-a non-profit research institute devoted to advancing the science of genomics; understanding the implications of genomics-research on society; and communicating research results to the scientific community, the public, and policy makers. www.science.psu.edu /alert/Eberly4-2006.htm   (765 words)

BBC NEWS | Science/Nature | Venter revives synthetic bug talk Synthetic Genomics intends to construct an organism with a "minimal genome" that can then be inserted into the shell of a bacterium. Once that has been done Synthetic Genomics will attempt to synthesise the genome and then "add the desired biological capabilities", before inserting the genetic construct into an environment "that allows metabolic activity and replication", the company says. The first synthetic virus was assembled in 2002 by a team from the University of New York at Stony Brook. news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/science/nature/4636121.stm   (764 words)

GRAIN | Home | Global Coalition Sounds the Alarm on Synthetic Biology Synthetic biologists are meeting this weekend in Berkeley, California where they plan to announce a voluntary code of self-regulation for their work (1). The organizations signing the Open Letter are calling on synthetic biologists to abandon their proposals for self-governance and to engage in an inclusive process of global societal debate on the implications of their work (see attached Open Letter). Meanwhile, genomics mogul Craig Venter, whose former company, Celera, led the commercial race to sequence the human genome, now heads a new company, Synthetic Genomics (4), that aims to commercialize artificial microbes for use in energy, agriculture and climate change remediation. www.grain.org /front/?id=89   (1433 words)

Designer organisms could be world's next fuel source - Print this article - CNET.co.uk Craig Venter, who gained worldwide fame in 2000 when he mapped the human genetic code, is behind a new start-up called Synthetic Genomics, which plans to create new types of organisms that, ideally, would produce hydrogen, secrete nonpolluting heating oil or be able to break down greenhouse gases. Both Stanford and Synthetic Genomics have said they are aware of the potential ethical and environmental issues of their work and will take actions to prevent unwanted consequences. Launched quietly in June, Synthetic Genomics emerged out of Venter's voyage around the globe in the Sorcerer II, his combination of luxury yacht and floating laboratory. www.cnet.co.uk /misc/print/0,39030763,39193960,00.htm   (837 words)

HealthNex: Clinical Genomics Genomics is the study of the genome and its use of genes. In 2003, the human genome sequence was completed, and thus began an era known as the Genomic Era. One discovery made through the Human Genome Project is that the genomic sequence for any two humans is 99.9% identical. healthnex.typepad.com /web_log/clinical_genomics   (5005 words)

Biosingularity » Blog Archive » First synthetic biology company is launched Synthetic Genomics, Inc., a company founded by the genome sequencing pioneer Dr. J. Codon Devices and Synthetic Genomics together are the first companies advertising themselves with a strict focus on synthetic biology. Drew is known for his work on BioBricks, an opensource parts-based approach to synthetic biology. biosingularity.wordpress.com /2006/01/01/first-synthetic-biology-company-is-launched   (891 words)

LiveScience.com - Making Life from Scratch Already, synthetic biologists have created a polio virus and another smaller virus by stitching together individual genes purchased from biotechnology companies. With a $42.6 million grant that originated at the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Berkeley researchers are creating a new malaria drug by removing genetic material of the E. coli bacterium and replacing it with genes from wormwood and yeast. Venter, meanwhile, has launched Synthetic Genomics Inc. with Nobel laureate Hamilton Smith and will compete with Codon and several other recent startups to commercialize the technology. www.livescience.com /othernews/ap_050819_make_life.html   (943 words)

Dr. Aristides Patrinos Named President of Synthetic Genomics, Inc. Dr. Patrinos joins Synthetic Genomics from the Department of Energy (DOE)'s Office of Science where he was the associate director of the Office of Biological and Environmental Research. Dr. Patrinos is well known for his leading role in the development of the United States government-funded Human Genome Project helping to guide the historic sequencing of the human genome to completion, a feat which was announced in a White House ceremony in 2000. Synthetic Genomics, Inc.'s initial focus will be on new approaches to biological energy production. www.prnewswire.com /cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=/www/story/02-03-2006/0004274185&EDATE=   (658 words)

SiliconBeat: Synthetic Genomics to create new forms of life Start-up Synthetic Genomics launched in June, and wants to create new forms of life. While Synthetic Genomics is one of the few firms seeking to create entirely synthetic organisms, other start-ups are looking at adapting existing organisms to business applications. His company provides the genetic materials, which companies like Synthetic Genomics would use to build their single-celled microbes. www.siliconbeat.com /entries/2005/12/30/synthetic_genomics_to_create_new_forms_of_life.html   (276 words)

Synthetic Biology Synthetic Biology - as I use the term - is an emerging engineering discipline aimed at designing and building biological systems using standard engineering techniques, rather than the usual approach of searching nature for existing "devices" that accomplish the desired task. Slicker scientific tools, like the AJAX genome browser mentioned in the linked article, are a necessary step in making genomics and synthetic biology available to the masses. Synthetic Biology as an engineering discipline needs to represent the complete OSI network model, as well as a traditional in-silico computational hardware model. www.squidoo.com /syntheticbiology   (544 words)

News and Announcements related to Genomics : GTL The use of bacteria to precipitate uranium out of groundwater, the potential for a synthetic genome to provide organisms with selected characteristics that address DOE needs, and the use of the DNA sequence of the Populus tree to create opportunities for enhancing biomass potential were cited as examples of biotechnology’s promise for DOE needs. The development of a synthetic bacterium from "off-the-shelf" parts in the laboratories of J. Craig Venter and George Church offers the promise of synthetic biology to form the basis of important and possibly revolutionary technology. The Joint Genome Institute (JGI) announced the publication of a high-quality draft genome sequence of the white rot fungus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium. www.doegenomestolife.org /news   (2823 words)

MSB - Bio Business   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11) Venter's pioneering contribution to human genomics cannot be over-stated.  He is a leader of global stature and continues to pave the way in many areas of genomic research. He helped pioneer the field of human genomics and computational biology and has helped change the way we view the life sciences as well as BioBusiness. Dr. Venter is the founder and president of the Venter Institute, a non-profit research organization dedicated to human genomic research and the exploration of the social and ethical issues surrounding genomic science. In 1998 Dr. Venter founded Celera Genomics, a company whose major goal was to sequence the human genome. Using his shotgun method in combination with automated DNA sequencing machines and advanced mathematical algorithms, Celera successfully completed the human genome in 2001. www.marshall.usc.edu /web/biobusiness.cfm?doc_id=7149   (546 words)

Davidson Students Are Standouts at MIT Synthetic Biology Competition Genomics, Campbell continued, builds on the understandings of genetics to delve more deeply into the study of large collections of genes and their synergistic functions. In lectures at Davidson, Endy forecast that the rapid development of the field will be akin to the exponential expansion of personal computing in recent decades—and that there will be a corollary strain on legal systems to contain the progress, from university research labs to hacker garages. As for using the fruits of synthetic biology for the good of the planet, Endy said, that’s a question that must play out in the human realm. www.collegenews.org /x5092.xml   (1015 words)

genomics genomics The research strategy that uses molecular characterization and cloning of whole genomes to understand the structure, function and evolution of genes and to answer fundamental biological questions. The large genomics award is a commitment by the DOE to Microbial and biotechnology research, which could provide solutions to energy challenges like the... Genomics study highlights the importance of "junk" DNA in higher... www.mongabay.com /igapo/biotech/genomics.html   (3600 words)

The next little thing: replacing oil | ZDNet Government Blog | ZDNet.com   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11) Craig Venter, the mecurial founder of Celera who can at least take credit for speeding up the pace of progress on the Human Genome, is back with a new project, the Washington Post reports: designing a bioengineered microbe that will allow sea plants to generate ethanol. Perhaps Venter's biggest personnel coup to date was the hiring earlier this month of Aristides Patrinos, who directed the Energy Department's biological and environmental research and launched its efforts to solve energy and environmental problems using microbes. Patrinos thinks Synthetic Genomics can reduce costs even further by using either a soup of microbes or genetically designed ones to perform, in essentially one place, all of the biological functions needed to break down the plant material and turn it into ethanol. government.zdnet.com /index.php?p=2065   (569 words)

Omar’s Blog » Custom Designed Organisms Power Our Future A new company called Synthetic Genomics is “developing new scientific processes to enable industry to design and test desired genetic modifications. With the very likely possibility of us running out of oil in the near future, Synthetic Genomics hopes to create organisms that can provide us with ethanol and hydrogen that are very efficient to produce. P.S. The founder of Synthetic Genomics was founded by Craig Venter, who had a large role to play in the Human Genome Project. ganai.com /archives/2006/03/13/custom-designed-organisms-power-our-future   (392 words)

BREITBART.COM - Researchers Creating Life From Scratch   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11) They're called "synthetic biologists" and they boldly claim the ability to make never-before-seen living things, one genetic molecule at a time. Keasling, who doubles as a chemical engineering professor at the University of California, Berkeley, hopes to create never-before-seen living molecules by fusing genes from the three species _ a new breed of bacteria capable of spitting out malaria-fighting artemisinin, a chemical now found only in small traces in the wormwood plant. For example, national security experts and even synthetic biologists themselves fret that rogue scientists or "biohackers" could create new biological weapons _ like deadly viruses that lack natural foes. www.breitbart.com /news/2005/08/18/D8C2G7P01.html   (821 words)

Synthetic Genomics Study - OpenWetWare Most researchers involved with the technology believe that it is now possible to build 200,000 base pair fragments of DNA and expect that a ~1,000,000 base pair bacterial genome will be constructed within the next two years. The Sloan Foundation recently provided a grant to study the technical and societal consequences of the further development of DNA synthesis technology (aka "synthetic genomics"). We are tentatively planning on two or three more gatherings of the same group in the course of the academic year, but the final decisions re: how often to meet will depend on the interest and energy level of those who attend the first gathering. openwetware.org /wiki/Synthetic_Genomics_Study   (522 words)

The Office of Science - Dr. Aristides Patrinos Craig Venter founded the company in 2005 to develop and commercialize synthetic biology (http://www.syntheticgenomics.com). Synthetic Genomics is using diverse sets of genes, including those from over 300 fully-sequenced genomes, to develop synthetic organisms for specific industrial applications. He played an historic role in the successful Human Genome Project, the founding of the DOE Joint Genome Institute and the design and launch of DOE’s visionary genomics (GTL) program. www.er.doe.gov /Sub/Newsroom/News_Releases/DOE-SC/2006/Patrinos   (409 words)

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