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Topic: System time


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In the News (Sun 20 Dec 09)

  
 LTI system theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Time invariance means that whether we apply an input to the system now or t seconds from now, the output will be identical, except a time delay of the t seconds.
Due to the simplicity offered by the impulse response in describing the input/output relationship of the system, linear time invariant systems are often convenient models for a wide range of applications including: communication channels that model the propagation media in communications, and all circuits involving resistors, capacitors and inductors, among many others.
The output of the system is simply the convolution of the input to the system and the system's impulse response.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/LTI_system_theory   (969 words)

  
 76079.010208&ELEMENT_SET=DECL
A system according to claim 23, wherein a transfer function of the covering module is determined by a code vector, the elements of the code vector comprising a sequence of the angles corresponding to each of the plurality of lattice sections in the covering module.
A system according to claim 40, wherein the covering module is configured and arranged to output a signal having a complex amplitude with substantially Gaussian statistics in response to input streams of data that are uncorrelated white random sequences.
A system according to claim 19, wherein compensation for the estimated offset is performed by combining at least an output of the uncovering module and an output of the second uncovering module.
www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=00/76079.010208&ELEMENT_SET=DECL   (1298 words)

  
 PlanetMath: linear time invariant systems
This is version 6 of linear time invariant systems, born on 2004-05-20, modified 2004-05-21.
Linear time invariant (LTI) system is a linear dynamical system
State-space equations, which is commonly used in modern control theory and mechanical systems.
planetmath.org /encyclopedia/LinearTimeInvariantLTISystems.html   (185 words)

  
 Time-invariant system - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
System A: System B: Since system A explicitly depends on t outside of x ( t) and y ( t) then it is time-variant.
A time-invariant system is one whose output does not depend explicitly on time.
System B, however, does not depend explicitly on t so it is time-invariant.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Time-invariant_system   (185 words)

  
 Continuous-time to discrete-time system con- version
a continuous-time LTI system are the impulse invariance and the bilinear trans-
of the discrete-time system is the periodic replication of the frequency response
the continuous-time system, rescaled by the width of the sampling interval T, according to
www.faqs.org /docs/sp/sp-20.html   (185 words)

  
 Linear Dynamical Systems and Convolution
Commutativity implies that the response of a system with impulse response h(t) to the input signal x(t) is identical to the response of a system with impulse response x(t) to the input h(t).
Associativity implies that in a cascade of LTI systems, where the output of one system is the input to the next, the ordering of the systems does not affect the overall input-output behavior.
The signal h(t) that describes the behavior of the LTI system is called the impulse response of the system, because it is the output of the system when the input signal is the unit-impulse, x(t) =
www.jhu.edu /~signals/lecture1/main.html   (893 words)

  
 Transfer function - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
It is mainly used in linear, time-invariant system theory, signal processing, communication theory, and control theory.
A transfer function is a mathematical representation of the relation between the input and output of a linear time-invariant system.
Let x(t) be the input to a general linear time-invariant system, and y(t) be the output, and the Laplace transform of x(t) and y(t) be
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Transfer_function   (505 words)

  
 Linear Systems in LabVIEW - Tutorial - Developer Zone - National Instruments
is the system input at the kth time interval,
is the system output at the kth time interval,
The Z-Transform is an important mathematical tool for studying discrete-time linear systems.
zone.ni.com /devzone/conceptd.nsf/webmain/2F266590B802FEFD8625686500609588?opendocument&node=dz00000_us   (1727 words)

  
 LTISystems.nb
This means the system is nonlinear, and therefor is not a linear time invariant system.
A LTI system is one that follows both the superposition rule and is time invariant.
x(t) is the input to the system and y(t) is the output it causes.
www.d.umn.edu /ece/lis/wireless/classes/ece2111/LTISystems.html   (444 words)

  
 ELEMENTS OF CONTROL SYSTEMS
If continuous time systems are to be discretized, the minimum sampling frequency that is necessary to preserve the information in the sampled signal and to avoid aliasing effects is twice the highest frequency occurring in the signal spectrum.
System: A system is a set of components, physical or otherwise, which are connected in such a manner as to form and act as an entire unit.
Energy from certain sources enters a system schematically as shown in Figure 1 and is manipulated within the system by the various components and subsystems in accordance with their inherent properties and depending on the manner in which they are connected inside the system.
www.eolss.com /eolss/47a.htm   (4736 words)

  
 Time-variant system - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The human vocal tract is a time variant system, with its transfer function at any given time dependent on the shape of the vocal organs.
The system can be characterized by an impulse response except the impulse response must be known at each and every time instant.
See time-invariant system for examples and how to prove if a system is time-variant or time-invariant.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Time-variant_system   (4736 words)

  
 Method and system for automatically caching dynamic content based on a cacheability determination - US Patent 6351767
whereby the system serves the candidate cached response if the cached response analyzer determines that the candidate cached response is valid, wherein the validity of the candidate of the cache response is determined based on at least one of a time variance setting of dynamic content, a user's identity, and a location of dynamic content.
If it is earlier than the present system time/date, the response is "stale" and the procedure moves to "F" which continues at 608.
The system of claim 62 wherein the request has request properties, one of the request properties being a requester identity, wherein the applicability analyzer determines whether the candidate cached response is applicable for serving to the request based upon the requester identity.
www.patentstorm.us /patents/6351767.html   (4736 words)

  
 DSP: Back to basics
Time Variant and Time Invariant System : A time variant system varies with the passage of time and a time invariant system is not concerned with the passage of time.
The Superposition principle states that the response of the system to sum of the dicrete time signals is equal to the corresponding sum of the system to each of the individual input discrete time signal.
Various operations like time shifting, folding operation or reflexation operation may be performed on the sequence to obtain the necessary output.
www.ciol.com /content/flavour/dsp/101020502.asp   (4736 words)

  
 Time [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
Spacetime is four-dimensional and a continuum, with time being a distinguished, one-dimensional sub-space of this continuum.
Proper time along a worldline in 4-d spacetime is the time elapsed by an object having that worldline, as shown on an ideal clock having the same worldline.
A dynamic system is a system defined by the values of the positions and velocities of all the system's particles--such as the places and speeds of the atoms in a cup of coffee.
www.iep.utm.edu /t/time.htm   (4736 words)

  
 System Classifications and Properties
A time invariant system is one that does not depend on when it occurs: the shape of the output does not change with a delay of the input.
Note that the BIBO stability of a linear time-invariant system (LTI) is neatly described in terms of whether or not its impulse response is absolutely integrable.
Once a set of systems can be identified as sharing particular properties, one no longer has to deal with proving a certain characteristic of a system each time, but it can simply be accepted do the the systems classification.
cnx.org /content/m10084/latest   (788 words)

  
 [music-dsp] Saturation vs Distortion
That is, for upsample it doesn't matter where in time you start the input, the output follows at the same offset without variation, always (again, unlike other non-time-invariant processes).
I know that upsampling doesn't pass the time invariance test in the classic sense (a different number of samples out than in kills any chance of that).
Put another way, if something is not time invariant, it must be considered time varying; "time varying" seems like a poor description of upsampling (to me).
shoko.calarts.edu /pipermail/music-dsp/2003-March/022668.html   (1244 words)

  
 Lyapunov Stability
A Lyapunov stable system is a system for which the states will remain bounded for all time, for any finite initial condition.
A continuous-time linear time-invariant system is Lyapunov stable (internally stable) if and only if all the eigenvalues of A have real parts less than or equal to 0, and those with real parts equal to 0 are nonrepeated.
(t) approaches infinity with time, which proves that the system is Lyapunov unstable.
academic.csuohio.edu /simond/linearsystems/stability/lyapunov   (351 words)

  
 Fourier Tutorial Definitions
A Linear Time Invariant System is one that:
That is, if you perform an experiment on Monday to find the systems response to a sine wave, you will get the same result if you do the experiment again on Wednesday.
Given two input signals (ax, cx) and that they produce two output signals (by, dy), the system is linear if, and only if, the input signal ax + cx produces the output signal by + dy
astron.berkeley.edu /~jrg/ngst/fft/lti.html   (76 words)

  
 Time Invariance
A time-invariant system is one whose behavior (its response to inputs) does not change with time.
However, it proves to be a very convenient mathematical fiction, and is a reasonable approximation for many systems if their behavior is constant over a relatively long period of time (relative to whatever phenomenon we are studying).
Consider the set of all systems that map functions of time into functions of time.
ptolemy.eecs.berkeley.edu /eecs20/week9/timeinvariance.html   (402 words)

  
 Web-Based Control System Analysis and Design
The output of a linear time-invariant system to a sinusoidal input is a sinusoid of the same frequency but with a different magnitude and phase.
The frequency response is the system's response to sinusoidal inputs.
Plot the Nichols frequency response of a system.
www.softintegration.com /chhtml/toolkit/control/FDAnaly.html   (203 words)

  
 4D6 Lecture Notes/II - Chapter 10
Thus the properties of a linear time invariant system may be summarized by the fact that the output is the convolution of the input with the impulse response function, written in short form as
The class of transforms describing linear time invariant systems have a kernel depending only on the difference between the two variables, so that the transform is given the specific name of convolution.
Since the time domain representation of this same output is the impulse response function h(t), it follows that the transfer function and impulse response functions are Fourier transform pairs.
www.physics.mcmaster.ca /phy4d6/Lecture/note10b.htm   (1116 words)

  
 CTSS - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Although CTSS was not an influential operating system in its technical detail, it was very influential in showing that time-sharing was viable, in the new applications for computers which were first instantiated there, and because of its successor, Multics, which all modern operating systems are intellectually descended from.
CTSS may also stand for the Cray Time Sharing System, a separate system developed for Cray supercomputers or the Cambridge Time Sharing System developed for IBM mainframes.
CTSS, which stood for the Compatible Time-Sharing System, was one of the first time-sharing operating systems; it was developed at MIT's Computation Center.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/CTSS   (705 words)

  
 System Classifications and Properties
A time invariant system is one that does not depend on when it occurs: the shape of the output does not change with a delay of the input.
Once a set of systems can be identified as sharing particular properties, one no longer has to deal with proving a certain characteristic of a system each time, but it can simply be accepted do the the systems classification.
That is to say that for a system H where H ( f ( t)) = y ( t), H is time invariant if for all T
cnx.rice.edu /content/m10084/latest   (705 words)

  
 VRML History -- Concepts
It is independent of the system time and may be another property of objects defined in VRML worlds.
Viewpoint nodes exist in their parent's coordinate system, and both the viewpoint and the coordinate system may be changed to affect the view of the world presented by the browser.
In VRML97 the passage of time in a world is caused by the time sensor generating events as time passes.
www-winfo.uni-siegen.de /vrmlHistory/docs/partVH/concepts.html   (705 words)

  
 Patent 5615229: Short range inductively coupled communication system employing time variant modulation
In particular, relative to a base band inductively coupled system, the time variant modulated pulse transmission system of the present invention eliminates the strong dependence of the received signal on orientation or distance of the receiving magnetic element from the transmitting loop.
There are thus several serious limitations associated with base band systems: signal fading with varying distance and orientation of the receiver with respect to the loop; signal to noise ratio deterioration with distance; restrictions on the signal bandwidth by parameters of the circuit elements; and presence of high background noise due to common electrical devices.
A communication system as set out in claim 27, wherein said receiver unit is configured in a headset and wherein said receiver unit further comprises first and second speakers at respective ear portions of the headset and means for driving said speakers with said reproduced input signal.
www.freepatentsonline.com /5615229.html   (705 words)

  
 David Griesingcr
Time delay in a digital system is quantized in units of the inverse sample rate, so interpolation must be performed on each moving delay or the output will he unacceptably full of noise and clicks.
As you can see from the block diagram (figure 12) the system depends on a small number of microphones located as close as is conveniently possible to the source, at least 4 speaker banks, and a large number of independent time varying reverberators, which form the connections between the microphones and the speaker banks.
As I understand it, this is a non-linear system, where automatic gates are used to connect the microphone to the input of a delay line only when the acoustic level is rising or constant, and to connect the output of the delay line to the speakers when the level is failing.
world.std.com /~griesngr/AES90DG.html   (705 words)

  
 MLS
Be also aware of that if the system you are measuring is somewhat time-variant, a long measurement time is not good.
The measured distortion of the system is spread throughout the computed impulse response as spurious peaks.
For each time the number of averages is doubled, the signal-to-noise ratio is theoretically increased with 3 dB.
www.winmls.com /hjelpfiler/mls2.htm   (705 words)

  
 Patent 4442491: Training evaluation process
The process and system of the present invention is autonomous and when employed in connection with aircraft, does not require the complex real-time ground-based tracking and data acquisition systems of the prior art to follow the aircraft during flight.
These functions and the known time variant drift characteristics of position and velocity of the INS are employed to derive position and velocity correction functions during the time of the engagement.
These functions and the known general time variant drift characteristics of the INS are evaluated post-flight to derive specific position and velocity correction functions, which are then employed to correct the INS data on position and velocity obtained during the flight.
www.freepatentsonline.com /4442491.html   (705 words)

  
 Impulse Response of a Linear Discrete Time System
Impulse Response of a Linear Discrete Time System.
"Impulse Response of a Linear Discrete Time System." Connexions.
Impulse Response of a Linear Discrete Time System
cnx.rice.edu /content/m11524/latest/history   (705 words)

  
 IngentaConnect On the impulse response of a discrete-time linear IIR system
On the impulse response of a discrete-time linear IIR system
IngentaConnect On the impulse response of a discrete-time linear IIR system
An explicit formula for the impulse response of a discrete-time causal linear time-varying infinite-impulse-response system in terms of the system parameters is obtained from the solution of a linear difference equation with variable coefficients.
www.ingentaconnect.com /content/ap/sp/2003/00000013/00000001/art00010   (705 words)

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