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Topic: Systemic bias

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	Systemic bias - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Systemic bias is the inherent tendency of a process to favor particular outcomes.
		In this case, the bias could arise from either conscious or unconscious defense of gender and racial interests or simply from their shared point of view; in either case, it results in a biased representation of the reality they are describing in terms of quality of poets and poetry.
		Because cognitive bias is inherent in the experiences, loyalties, and relationships of people in their daily lives, it cannot be eliminated by education or training, but awareness of biases can be enhanced, allowing for the adoption of compensating correction mechanisms.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Systemic_bias (536 words)

	Bias
		A bias is a prejudice in a general or specific sense, usually in the sense for having a predilection to one particular point of view or ideology.
		For example, a bias voltage is applied to a transistor in an electronic amplifier to allow the transistor to operate in a particular region of its transconductance curve.
		Bias is used in direct broadcast satellites such as DirecTV and Dish Network, the IRD box actually powers the feedhorn or LNB receiver mounted on the dish arm.
	www.askfactmaster.com /Bias (584 words)

	Wikipedia:WikiProject Countering systemic bias - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This leads to a bias against decent coverage of topics related to such things as blue collar employment and practical skills, while obscure academic theories and subcultures with few adherents have excessive coverage.
		The other kind of bias is internal to articles that are universal in aspect.
		However, the effects of systemic bias may be mitigated through conscious effort.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias (2339 words)

	Systemic Bias of Wikipedia - Meta
		I expect the ideological bias goes significantly beyond the articles mentioned, but thankfully most of his material is regarding mathematics, not politics...
		Your belief that one level is regulated by a lower level is a bias called w:reductionism...
		Another serious problem in systemic bias of wikipedia is that women are under-represented - most of the world's seriously useful knowledge is in poor mothers of children who are forced to be ingenious.
	meta.wikimedia.org /wiki/Systemic_Bias_of_Wikipedia (9311 words)

	Systemic bias - Meta
		Systemic bias is any (generally) unintentional bias arising from constraints.
		Examples of experimental systemic bias include observer bias, selection bias and diagnostic bias.
		Examples of personal systemic bias are cultural, notational and infrastructural.
	meta.wikimedia.org /wiki/Systemic_bias (114 words)

	Systemic bias - Voyager, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		"Systemic bias" refers to the inherent tendency of a process to favor particular outcomes.
		For example, a poetry competition that was consistently won by white men could be subject to suspicion of a bias if there was no inherent reason that white men would consistently be the best poets.
		However, it might be that in addition to choosing for poetic skill, they are also inclined to choose people with whom they have values in common, either about poetry or about other matters, resulting in a continuous stream of prizewinning white male poets.
	voyager.in /Systemic_bias (554 words)

	The real bias in Wikipedia: a response to David Shariatmadari Robert McHenry - openDemocracy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Shariatmadari's article praises the work of a group calling itself by the unfortunately self-congratulatory label Wikiproject: Countering Systemic Bias and ends with a call for more such efforts to improve the coverage of the encyclopedia.
		I would suggest that it needs to begin with a clear distinction between "bias" and "imbalance", terms that Shariatmadari uses interchangeably but that to an editor mean quite different things.
		"Bias" denotes a lack of objectivity or fairness in the treatment of topics.
	www.opendemocracy.net /media-edemocracy/wikipedia_bias_3621.jsp (1218 words)

	Systemic bias of cytokine production toward cell-mediated immune regulation in IDDM and toward humoral immunity in ...
		Systemic bias of cytokine production toward cell-mediated immune regulation in IDDM and toward humoral immunity in Graves' disease.
		We therefore tested the hypothesis of a general bias in the peripheral immune system in patients with recent-onset IDDM or Graves' disease in comparison to healthy control subjects by studying whole blood cultures stimulated with phytohemagglutinin.
		This study provides first evidence of a systemic bias in the immune regulation of humans, which might be either toward cell-mediated immunity (Th1) in IDDM or humoral immunity (Th2) in Graves' disease.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1997/apr/M9740886.html (539 words)

	Article - The evaluation and Grading of Student Work [7 of 8]
		Fairness is in part the absence of bias, be it individual or systemic bias.
		Bias rarely occurs as the result of the purposive unethical actions of assessors.
		To avoid bias resulting from expectations generated by previous experience, assessors attempt to grade without knowledge of the identities of students whenever that is possible.
	www.uottawa.ca /academic/cut/options/oct_04/ENG/article2_6.htm (598 words)

	Schoolboy's bias suit - The Boston Globe
		Girls are outperforming boys because the school system favors them, said Anglin, who has filed a federal civil rights complaint contending that his school discriminates against boys.
		At the high school, 64 percent of the teachers are women, and 36 percent are men, according to the school system.
		Gerry Anglin, Doug Anglin's father, said the school system should compensate boys for the discrimination by boosting their grades retroactively.
	www.boston.com /news/local/articles/2006/01/26/schoolboys_bias_suit (1035 words)

	mechanistic bias - Anarchopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A mechanistic bias is what arises from an unquestioned acceptance of the mechanistic paradigm in one's own life.
		It may lead inexorably to authoritarian bias via God's Eye View imposed by technological escalation along a typical command hierarchy.
		To anarchize is to overcome both mechanistic and authoritarian bias, and so achieve an anarchization, which in turn prevents arbitrary organization beyond body limits.
	meta.anarchopedia.org /index.php/mechanistic_bias (140 words)

	Bias - SourceWatch
		cultural bias derived from our social surroundings, family and customs, well understood in pluralistic societies, e.g.
		Media bias consists of all of these and more related to journalism practices accepted professionally in different countries or traditions, and pressures applied by advertiser, government, regulator, owner and reader/viewer, each of which perceives themselves as "unbiased" - laughably.
		See also systemic bias and point of view.
	www.sourcewatch.org /index.php?title=Bias (296 words)

	Media bias - dKosopedia
		The systemic bias of the mass news media is usually called media bias.
		From the point of view of impoversihed majority in less developed countries, the powerful news media in the developed countries on which they still partially depend is strongly biased towards the interests of rich industrialized countries.
		One of the most extreme examples of media bias is the Sinclair Broadcast Group of which a boycott is currently underway.
	www.dkosopedia.com /wiki/Media_bias (625 words)

	The Oz Politics Blog » Opinion polls: pro-Labor bias prior to the 2004 election (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		If two polls had the same systemic bias (to the Coalition or Labor, it does not matter), the expected gain in precision could be entirely misleading.
		Jackman sought to estimate the systemic bias of five polling organisations (Newspoll, ACNielsen, Roy Morgan, Galaxy, and the ANU/NineMSN internet poll) by calibrating their polls in the four months prior to the election with the election result.
		This chart also demonstrates the pro-Labor systemic bias of three of the five the polling organisations in the lead-up to the 2004 election, with most published opinion polls falling on the Labor side of Jackman’s population estimate.
	www.ozpolitics.info /blog?p=84 (988 words)

	Literature Review: Arlin Stoltzfus: On the Possibility of Constructive Neutral Evolution
		In the gene-scrambling and RNA pan-editing cases, and in the fragmentation of introns, the initial state of the system (unscrambled, unedited, unfragmented) is unique or rare with regard to some extensive set of combinatorial possibilities (scrambled, edited, fragmented) that may be reached by mutation and (possibly neutral) fixation.
		In both cases, the biases are systemic and result from a history of selection such that the initial state of the system (genes with highly specific activities, introns with independent splicing ability) is unusual with respect to possible alternative states.
		The more immediately obvious type is a "mutational" bias, an inequality in the rates of mutational change between specific genetic states that arise from specific aspects of the machinery for replication, repair, and transmission of genetic material.
	www.iscid.org /boards/ubb-get_topic-f-18-t-000012.html (1300 words)

	Observing Nonprofits
		The impact of those costs is incalculably greater for organizations that do not reach the scale where there are specialists (accountants, lawyers, development officers, etc.) whose remuneration is routinely included in their GandA expense.
		Of course the ones that don't file at all are left out entirely; I don't know if that's an instance of "bias" or not, but it certainly skews many commentaries on the nonprofit sector in unexamined ways.
		The most important form of bias, though, is in the process by which these systems and standards get established.
	www.tess.org /ON/020125ON.htm (748 words)

	Make My Vote Count: Clowns to the left of me, jokers to the right: the Conservatives and the electoral system: a summary
		The principal means of measuring electoral bias is to consider how the two main parties would fare against each other if there were a uniform swing from the party that won the popular vote to the runner-up, such that they drew level on votes.
		The longer the FPTP system continues, the more the Labour party will be forced to ignore these voters in favour of the 'special' more middle class voters in marginals and the more right wing Labour's policies become as a result, the more turnout will drop in urban areas.
		The reason you are 'smashing your head up a brick wall' with the Tories is not because they don't realise the bias in the system but because they know the lower turnout in urban areas will favour them in the future.
	www.makemyvotecount.org.uk /blog/archives/2005/10/clowns_to_the_l.html (6418 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A religious liberty watchdog group Thursday condemned the Air Force Academy's "pervasive and systemic" bias toward evangelical Christianity as violating the U.S. Constitution.
		Religious bias and intolerance reaches "the highest levels of the academy command structure," Americans United for the Separation of Church and State said in a report issued Thursday.
		Mikey Weinstein, a 1977 graduate who is Jewish and has sent two sons to the academy, has been a critic of the academy's handling of religious bias issues.
	afa.gazette.com /fullstory.php?id=4917 (838 words)

	Wiki spam - Consumerium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Any removal of accurate negative data, or insertion of inaccurate positive data, or any systemic bias in demoting or promoting some commercial service or product over another, would seriously degrade trust in that buying signal and the whole healthy buying infrastructure.
		True trolls are made by troll-formative injustice and maintained by anti-troll bias.
		Tolerating unlimited [funded troll]]s is to permit the systemic bias of "whoever has money to pay them" into the community point of view.
	develop.consumerium.org /wiki/index.php/Wiki_spam (797 words)

	Canadian Jewish News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		That's commendable, Cotler told The CJN, but the "real issue here is the role that Canada can play is getting countries to address and redress the issue of systemic bias within the human rights commission, which in the end, is not only prejudicial to Israel, but is prejudicial to the whole cause of human rights."
		That systemic bias undermines the integrity of the UN."
		Deep-seated anti-Israel bias at international forums is "part of a pattern and process," Cotler said, citing last summer's UN anti-racism conference in Durban, South Africa and last November's meeting of the High Contracting Parties to the Geneva Conventions, which passed several measures condemning Israel's military actions against civilians.
	www.cjnews.com /pastIssues/02/mar27-02/front4.asp (718 words)

	Political Animal: Comment on Problems with Polling
		The systemic bias in polling from weighting voter samples, etc. is not the same as in measuring electrical current with a meter that gives the minimum current in a period of time.
		More generally, eliminating sampling bias would allow a variety of potential biases to be identified, by comparing polling results whenever possible with known demographic or other data.
		Republicans seem to think that this is the ideal system, but I think that if Bush was at the other end of the voting ordeal of 2000 the Republicans would have another opinion on this ancient system.
	www.washingtonmonthly.com /mt/mt-comments.cgi?entry_id=4754 (13831 words)

	CUPA-HR Knowledge Center
		The directors of three federal agencies have renewed their commitments to investigate and prosecute systemic employment discrimination and to coordinate their efforts with other agencies.
		The OFCCP is increasing its emphasis on systemic discrimination cases by directing agency resources toward such cases and involving the DOL’s Solicitor’s Office in the process at an earlier stage.
		In the past year, more systemic bias cases have been filed by the DOJ than in any year since 1996, almost reaching the all-time record.
	www.cupahr.org /publicpolicy/publicpolicynews_template.asp?id=451 (1470 words)

	A Study on Media Bias (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		To the average citizen, bias in all of its forms is obvious, but the real question is whether or not the bias is systemic or incidental.
		Among them: That the Drudge Report's coverage of events is much closer to the center than most media outlets and that there does exist an actual, quantifiable slant in the media.
		The study also provides some interesting measures of the personal political bias of various think thanks, politicians, and assorted organizations.
	www.etalkinghead.com /archives/a-study-on-media-bias-2004-06-22.html (285 words)

	MonkeyFilter \| Correcting bias in the Wikipedia
		As noted on qwghlm, it's got a strong bias within articles towards recent news events.
		In the community's attempt to avoid one form of bias, political bias, it too often takes the approach of simply adding every piece of information on recent debating points.
		There is (roughly) twice as much written on events surrounding him in the 9 months of 2004 than there is for his entire career up to 1997 or his first term in charge.
	monkeyfilter.com /link.php/4877 (768 words)

	Media Lens Alert: Chaining The Watchdog, Part 3 - Mainstream Credibility Is Dead - Long Live The 'Netizens'!
		In the first two parts of this 3-part series, we showed how systemic media bias constitutes one of many "dangerous ideas" excluded from the media as a result of "collusion between the press and the powerful".
		We suggested that watered down versions of dissent are used to give the impression of open and honest debate on media bias where in fact there is almost none.
		Global society may, for example, thrust its collective hand into the flame of climate change and, thanks to the systemic bias of the corporate mass media and corporate politics, leave it there.
	www.medialens.org /alerts/03/030507_Chaining_Watchdog_3.html (2651 words)

	Systemic Bias
		Please look for Systemic Bias, High School Math Textbook and College Preparatory Math to find more Systemic Bias information.
		Systemic bias Subject: Systemic bias From: Herbert Rubin (hrubin@niu.edu) Date: Fri Sep 13 2002 - 09:29:34 CDT
		MARKET NON-NEUTRALITY: SYSTEMIC BIAS IN SPONTANEOUS ORDERS The following three pages are excerpts.
	www.systemicbias.info (250 words)

	MEDIA BIAS » Outside The Beltway \| OTB
		Spend an hour at the AIM and FAIR web sites, and then ask yourself how each can find evidence of dreaded liberal or conservative bias if the news media is so overwhelmingly one way or the other.
		While I tend to see more liberal bias than Cline in the “mainstream” press, I agree with his overall point.
		I think for the media to be convicted of having a “systemic media bias” you would have to prove that the mainstream media was considerably more liberal then the nation as a whole.
	www.outsidethebeltway.com /archives/2003/07/media_bias (522 words)

	OJR article: Balancing Act: How News Portals Serve Up Political Stories
		In newspaper newsrooms, editors often go to great lengths to achieve a semblance of balance in coverage of the two major candidates for president.
		The automated system is far from perfect, as legions of bloggers and journalists have observed when Google News places the wrong photo next to an accompanying story, or when it misses major breaking news, such as the space shuttle Columbia disaster, which received no mention for more than an hour.
		Thomas Krafft, a Web site developer, said he began working with the conservative news site ChronWatch nearly three years ago when it was averaging 100 visits a day.
	ojr.org /ojr/technology/1095977436.php (2245 words)

	Criticism of Wikipedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Even the site's proponents admit to this unavoidable flaw.
		By March 28, 2005, without counting subarticles, the Chinese art article had become three times as large as the article on Hurricane Frances, while the article on Tony Blair was 50% larger than the article on Coronation Street.
		A more difficult problem to address is that Even when topics are covered, they are covered only from What seems to be a neutral point of view to the current participants, which is not the same as:
	criticism-of-wikipedia.iqnaut.net (1340 words)

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