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	Wild Mountain Hungarians
		Even before the Szeklers’ Land came to form part of Romania the Hungarians from outside their territory were referred to as "the Hungarians" with a certain disdain and distrust.
		Also, among the the Szeklers the women had similiar rights in holding property as the men, and the sexes were treated equally in questions of inheritance – perhaps something they preserved from the times of their migrations from the eastern steppes.
		The Szeklers were renown fighters and so the Hungarian, Transylvanian and Habsburg rulers always followed a similiar policy: Whenever they needed an army they promised to the Szeklers to grant them their old privileges again and to free them from serfdom.
	www.alanier.at /Szekelyfold.html (2301 words)

	[No title]
		The Szeklers inhabit an area in the southeastern corner of Transyl- vania, covering approximately 13,000 square kilometers and consisting of the three counties of Háromszék (Trei Scaune), Udvarhely (Odorhei) and Csík (Ciuc), together with a part of the county of Marostorda (Mure).
		The Szeklers occupy the upper valleys of the Maros (Mure), Nagy Küküllõ (Trnava Mare) and Aluta (Olt) Rivers.
		The Szekler districts were included in a special "cultural zone", in which many new Rumanian schools were created, although in general the Szeklers enjoyed the use of their language in school and church and in village administration.
	www.hungarian-history.hu /lib/romsics/w26.htm (835 words)

	Historical retrospection
		The history of the county was shaped by the Szeklers in the period of when its constituting parts were independent administrative units as well as when these belonged to somewhere else, up to the last section of the modern era.
		The Szeklers of Gheorgheni and Ciuc, led by István, priest of Joseni fought the army of the prince on Whit Saturday.
		The unsaid purpose was the deployment of the Szekler army in the western wars of the empire.
	www.cchr.ro /jud/turism/eng/1/12/12tortenelem.html (1214 words)

	Transylvanian Saxons - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Although the primary reason for Géza II's invitation was border defense with the Szeklers against invaders, Germans were also sought for their mining expertise and ability to develop the region's economy.
		The Kingdom of Hungary's medieval eastern borders were therefore defended in the northeast by the Nösnerland Saxons, in the east by the non-German Szeklers, in the southeast by the castles built by the Teutonic Knights and Burzenland Saxons, and in the south by the Altland Saxons.
		Along with the (largely Hungarian) Transylvanian nobility and the Szeklers, the Transylvanian Saxons were members of the Unio Trium Nationum, or "Union of the Three Nations", signed in 1438.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Transylvanian_Saxons (1334 words)

	The Presentation of County Harghita
		The Szeklers had a special contribution to the wars of independence led by Ferenc Rakoczi the 2nd, to the revolution from 1848-1849 when the Szeklers gathered at Lutita where they decided the joint to the revolution making peace with the other peoples from Transylvania.
		The churches, the chapels, the wood steeples and the perish houses on the one hand and the mansions, farms, houses, the water mills and saw mills on the other hand are the most attractive architectural values of the settlements of the county.
		The female Szekler folk costume: the women wear scarf tied under the chin and girls knit their hair in one or two pigtails and they put a long ribbon or a bow and on their neck they wear beads in one colour.
	www.fao.org /Regional/SEUR/ClujWS/hargita.htm (6441 words)

	BUCHAREST DAILY NEWS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Szeklers' intention to hold a rally and declare autonomy stirs up conflicting statements on the political stage and is likely to reignite the conflict between the Hungarian minority and Romanians.
		In relation to the Szeklers' planned rally, Prime Minister Calin Popescu Tariceanu said the March 15 event will be one of the moments of free expression in Romania.
		Underlining that the authorities are prepared to defend the law, Tariceanu expressed his hope that the Szeklers are mature enough to celebrate March 15 as it should be celebrated.
	www.daily-news.ro /print_preview.php?idarticle=23826 (580 words)

	The Unsettled Szeklers
		BUCHAREST, Romania--The Szekler National Council, a small Hungarian minority organization, has announced that it will hand in a legislative initiative that would, in the unlikely event that it is approved, create an autonomous Hungarian region in the center of the country.
		Named Szekler Land, the region would merge three counties, Covasna (whose ethnic structure is 74 percent Hungarian and 23 percent Romanian), Harghita (85 percent Hungarian and 14 percent Romanian) and Mures (53 percent Romanian and 39 percent Hungarian).
		Originally, the Szeklers were a Turkish group, brought in by Hungary's kings around 1200 to guard Transylvania's eastern borders.
	www.tol.cz /look/BRR/article.tpl?IdLanguage=1&IdPublication=9&NrIssue=1&NrSection=1&NrArticle=11495 (1429 words)

	Transitions Online: The Szeklers’ Tortured History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Razvan Amariei’s article “Shelving the Szekler Land” (27 March) surprised me with its sweeping generalizations about the history of the Szeklers’ pursuit of autonomy and its erroneous assertions about their origins and life in Transylvania.
		Szekler Land has existed as a cultural, legal, and administrative region for more than 800 years with varying levels of autonomy, first as part of the Kingdom of Hungary, then as part of the Province of Transylvania, and finally under the Habsburgs until 1867, when its legal status was abolished.
		The renewed Szekler movement for territorial autonomy has been gaining momentum since April 2005, when the Szekler National Council (CNS) submitted to the Romanian parliament its second legislative proposal for the legal framework to re-establish the Szeklers’ county, comprising Covasna, Harghita, and a part of Mures counties.
	www.tol.cz /look/TOL/article.tpl?IdLanguage=1&IdPublication=4&NrIssue=161&NrSection=2&NrArticle=16394 (655 words)

	The Diplomat Bucharest
		They are not entitled to found any republic and reason that the Szeklers did not proclaim their independence at Odorheiu Secuiesc on 15 March is to the merit of the Greater Romania Party (PRM), because we threatened a counter-demonstration of 100,000 patriots.
		The demand of the Szeklers is a matter of extremism, of the radicalism of some of the exponents of the Hungarian minority.
		In my opinion, the Szeklers are not entitled to ask for autonomy, because the present legal and constitutional framework already gives them enough rights.
	www.thediplomat.ro /opinion_0406.htm (473 words)

	The Szeklers’ National Council (CNS) is readying to celebrate at Odorheiu Secuiesc (Székelyudvarhely
		The Szeklers’ National Council (CNS) is readying to celebrate at Odorheiu Secuiesc (Székelyudvarhely in hungarian, Sklermarketplace town, in english) the autonomy of the Szeklers Land, on March 15.
		Hungary’s government shall not prevent the territorial autonomy that guarantees the survival of the Szeklers, but, according to the constitutional provisions, to assume the status of protective power and also support the Szeklers’ struggle at international forums,” the flyers also say.
		Szeklers is a peaceful manifestation, the only thing that CNS wants is to fight through democratic means for the autonomy of the
	journals.aol.com /mikeskenyere/TerritorialAutonomyforSzeklerlan/entries/2006/03/11/the-szeklers-national-council-cns-is-readying-to-celebrate-at-odorheiu-secuiesc-szekelyudvarhely/551 (471 words)

	Romania Historical and Geographical Distribution - Flags, Maps, Economy, History, Climate, Natural Resources, Current ...
		The Magyars arrived in 896, and shortly thereafter the Szeklers were settled in southeastern Transylvania.
		The Szeklers are regarded as the best of the Hungarian nation; the form of Hungarian they speak is considered to be the purest and most pleasant.
		Although the Saxons and Szeklers were permitted local administrative autonomy, the Hungarian nobility filled the main political and administrative positions.
	www.photius.com /countries/romania/society/romania_society_historical_and_geogr~1193.html (1256 words)

	Szeklers - Székely - History Forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Székely or Szeklers (Hungarian: Székely, Romanian: Secui, German: Szekler) are a Hungarian ethnic group, mostly living in Transylvania in Romania with a significant population living across the border in Vojvodina, Serbia and Montenegro.
		By that time Szeklers already spoke Hungarian (and from that time onward the differences grew, today Szeklers have some archaisms Hungarians don't, had different influences, have a different syntax etc.), so the ethnic difference was as I told you many times already not because of the language.
		By that time Szeklers already spoke Hungarian (and from that time onward the differences grew, today Szeklers have some archaisms Hungarians don't, had different inIn 15th century's Transylvania, the most villages were Hungarian, Saxon, Romanian or Szekler (smaller numbers were of Greeks, Bulgarians, Armenians).
	www.simaqianstudio.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=5174 (5100 words)

	Felsősófalva in Space and Time
		The case of Aranyosszék is the same: although beside Szeklers Romanians were settled who have since increased in number, that land, too, is Szekler.
		The special position of Szeklers within the Hungarian state resulted from the fact that the Szeklers, as at the Hungarian conquest a population already existing in the Carpathian basin, they played an important role in the foundation and later in the defence of the Hungarian state.
		The military force of the Szeklers was the first important criteria for which in the course of history most of the Szeklers managed to avoid serfhood; according to the Hungarian laws nobles had the same legal status.
	www.zalamedia.hu /sovidek/monogr_eng.htm (809 words)

	Székely - Definition, explanation
		The Székely or Szeklers (Hungarian: Székely; Romanian; Secui; German: Szekler) are a Hungarian ethnic group living in Transylvania in Romania.
		The Szeklers are of uncertain origins, subject to much debate among themselves and among scholars.
		In medieval times, the Szeklers were part of the Unio Trium Nationum ("Union of Three Nations") a coalition of the three Transylvanian Estates, the other two nations being the (predominantly Hungarian) nobility and the Saxon (ie ethnic German) burghers.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/s/sz/szekely.php (509 words)

	swissinfo - Hungarian minority wants autonomy vote in Romania
		The so-called Szeklers, who make up about a third of Romania's 1.4 million Hungarian minority, have demanded loosely defined autonomy for years even though tensions between Romanians and ethnic Hungarians have eased in recent years.
		Earlier this year, several thousand Szeklers held a rally in a town in Transylvania, where the majority of ethnic Hungarians in Romania live, to demand autonomy and ask the EU to make it a condition of Romania's accession.
		But the Szeklers argue that a decentralised administration that could come with some degree of autonomy would boost economic development in the region, which is already wealthier than other parts of Romania.
	www.swissinfo.org /eng/swissinfo.html?siteSect=43&sid=7141278 (422 words)

	Transylvania Castle
		Unlike the Saxons, the Hungarian-speaking Szeklers still populate their ancestral region.
		They had to defend Transylvania's and Europe's eastern border for a millennium and all Szeklers had the status and privileges of nobility.
		Meet a family of woodcarvers and furniture painters who have been handing down their profession from father to son since the 1500s (oldest in Europe), and visit kilns where limestone and wood-coal is still being burned like in the middle ages.
	www.transylvaniancastle.com /Cultureactivities.html (403 words)

	Romania - ETHNIC STRUCTURE
		The Magyars arrived in 896, and shortly thereafter the Szeklers were settled in southeastern Transylvania.
		The Szeklers are regarded as the best of the Hungarian nation; the form of Hungarian they speak is considered to be the purest and most pleasant.
		Although the Saxons and Szeklers were permitted local administrative autonomy, the Hungarian nobility filled the main political and administrative positions.
	countrystudies.us /romania/40.htm (1373 words)

	BUCHAREST DAILY NEWS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Initially, Tudor had said he was going to call some 100,000 Greater Romania sympathizers to the city of Odorheiu Secuiesc, where the Szeklers said they planned to declare territorial autonomy on March 15 - Hungary's national holiday.
		Tudor also criticized the lack of reaction from Romanian authorities to what he said was an illegal move by the Szeklers, a small ethnic Hungarian group.
		Yesterday, Tudor said his party was satisfied that it managed to awaken the authorities "to reality," but criticized that Prime Minister Calin Popescu Tariceanu did not express his opinion regarding the Szeklers' intention until Sunday.
	www.daily-news.ro /article_detail.php?idarticle=23901 (273 words)

	Vilmos Tánczos: Népszámlálások a jelenkori Erdély területén (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Due to the processes of assimilation and acculturation, differences between the traditional folk culture, language, historical consciousness etc. of the two groups are disappearing to such an extent that the Szekler population whose ancestors never considered themselves Csángós now seem to accept this designation.
		The population of Szekler villages was generally smaller than that of the medieval Moldavian Hungarian ones.
		In many cases, this population was made up of sporadic groups within a multi-ethnic and multi-religious environment, another factor which helped to further their linguistic assimilation to the Romanians.
	mek.oszk.hu /00900/00983/html/moldvang.htm (6902 words)

	SZEKLERS, or SZEKELS (... - Online Information article about SZEKLERS, or SZEKELS (...
		Szeklers were the descendants of the Huns who stayed in Transylvania till the return of their kinsmen under Arpad; the See also:
		SCRIBE, AUGUSTIN EUGENE (1791-1860, French dramatist, was born in Paris on the 24th of December 1791.
		End of Article: SZEKLERS, or SZEKELS (Szekely, Lat.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /SUS_TAV/SZEKLERS_or_SZEKELS_Szekely_Lat.html (395 words)

	Nine O'Clock
		The Szeklers’ National Council (CNS) sent a new letter to Justice Minister, asking her to review its stand towards the autonomy of the Szeklers’ County, considering that the Szeklers have the right to internal self-determination because they are the majority in the region.
		In the letter, CNS appealed to Monica Macovei to analyse the judicial decisions which prevent the organisation of local referendums, and, if it is the case, to initiate the modification of the law regarding the organisation and running of the referendum.
		Moreover, in retort to the letter received from Monica Macovei, CNS states that “the Szeklers, being the majority and native in the Szeklers’ County, are entitled to self-determination, and subject to this right they require to re-establish by law the Szeklers’ County as a historical autonomous territory.”
	www.nineoclock.ro /index.php?page=detalii&categorie=homenews&id=20060221-4860 (349 words)

	The szeklers
		We are szeklers, east hungarian people, we hate oppression, we need Freedom!
		of the Szekler National Council (SzNC) is the investigation of the
		The Szeklers, according to the Webster’s Dictionary, are: “the Transylvanian
	journals.aol.com /mikeskenyere/TerritorialAutonomyforSzeklerlan/entries/2006/03/11/the-szeklers/552 (462 words)

	The Mihai Eminescu Trust
		The village lies northwest of Rupea and can be reached through Dacia on a 7 km unpaved road.
		The origins of the fortified church date from 1100 when the Szeklers built a small church with a single hall and semicircular apse.
		To this day, the church is surrounded by a cemetery with gravestones dating back to the Bjielo-Brdo culture.
	www.mihaieminescutrust.org /content/nd_village.asp?n=102 (569 words)

	Romania Real Estate & Property Investment
		Initially, the core areas of these states were centred in the foothills of the Carpathians; only later, as the Romanian lands on the plains were gradually consolidated, were the major settlements transferred from the mountains, first to Târgoviste and Suceava and later to Bucharest and Iasi.
		Transylvania was affected during the Middle Ages by colonization by Hungarian-speaking Szeklers and German-speaking Saxons.
		More German speakers, known as Swabians, arrived in the Banat in the 18th century along with various Slav groups, mainly Serbs.
	www.factbook.net /population.php (337 words)

	Transylvania Holidays
		Set in a lovely valley, this is a perfect starting point to visit Meschendorf, Roades and other Saxon villages with fortified churches.
		The church is UNESCO designated and its origins date from 1100 when the Hungarian Szeklers first settled in the village.
		The church was taken over by Saxon colonists in 1185, its first fortifications and towers added in 1525, and a second defence wall in the 18th century.
	www.transylvaniaholidays.com /houses/Viscri.html (204 words)

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