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	John F. Kennedy Space Center - TDRS: Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System
		The TDRS concept was conceived following early 1970s studies which showed that a system of orbiting telecommunications satellites, operated from a single ground terminal link, could more effectively support Space Shuttle, scientific and other NASA mission requirements than the nearly 25-year-old tracking and communications network of ground stations located worldwide.
		The full TDRS constellation enables spacecraft to communicate with Earth for about 85 to 100 percent of the orbit, depending on their altitude.
		A fifth TDRS spacecraft, TDRS-F, is slated for launch in early 1993.
	www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov /kscpao/nasafact/tdrsmain.htm (417 words)

	COMMUNICATIONS
		The TDRS system was developed after studies in the early 1970s showed that a telecommunication satellite system could support the projected scientific and application mission requirements better than ground stations and also could halt the spiraling cost of upgrading and operating a worldwide network of tracking and communication ground stations.
		TDRS-A and its IUS were carried aboard the space shuttle Challenger on the April 1983 STS-6 mission.
		TDRS-B, C and D are identical to TDRS-A except for modifications to correct the malfunctions that occurred in TDRS-A and a modification of the C-band antenna feeds.
	science.ksc.nasa.gov /shuttle/technology/sts-newsref/sts-jsc-comm.html (3945 words)

	COMMUNICATIONS
		The TDRS system was developed after studies in the early 1970s showed that a telecommunication satellite system could support the projected scientific and application mission requirements better than ground stations and also could halt the spiraling cost of upgrading and operating a worldwide network of tracking and communication ground stations.
		TDRS-A and its IUS were carried aboard the space shuttle Challenger on the April 1983 STS-6 mission.
		TDRS-B, C and D are identical to TDRS-A except for modifications to correct the malfunctions that occurred in TDRS-A and a modification of the C-band antenna feeds.
	www.globalsecurity.org /space/library/report/1988/sts-jsc-comm.html (3956 words)

	TDR Programs;Unproven in rural counties -2000
		In a TDR program, the fee interest of land is divided into parts and a certificate is created for that portion of the fee that allows certain development (usually residential development or "density").
		A TDR certificate is issued regardless of the cost of land, cost of development, the market value of the development right, or the intent of the owner to actually develop the property.
		Yes, if the TDR certificate is a precondition to a permit to construct affordable housing at higher densities or if affordable housing projects are located in "receiving areas." In response to comments from affordable housing advocates in the Seattle area, affordable housing builders were not required to purchase certificates before their development would be approved.
	www.sanjuanislander.com /county/gma/tdrs.html (3574 words)

	Military Communications Satellite
		TDRS-C, known as TDRS 3 in orbit, was launched from Discovery on September 29, 1988 on STS-26.
		The TDRS is three-axis stabilized with the multiple access body fixed antennas pointing constantly at the Earth while the solar arrays track the Sun.
		TDRS was the first communications satellite to offer Ku, S, and C band all in one spacecraft.
	www.globalsecurity.org /space/systems/tdrss.htm (1882 words)

	"Beyond Takings and Givings" by Rick Pruetz, FAICP / About TDR
		TDR can be thought of as a way of encouraging the reduction or elimination of development in areas that a community wants to save and the increase of development in areas that a community wants to grow.
		By selling their TDRs, sending site owners can be fully compensated for the development potential of their property without having to endure the expense and uncertainty of actually trying to develop it.
		When TDRs remain affordable, developers are able to achieve higher profits through the extra development allowed under the TDR option despite the additional cost of the TDRs.
	www.beyondtakingsandgivings.com /tdr.htm (1422 words)

	Transferable Development Rights
		From a political perspective, creating a TDR program is difficult because residents who live near where the additional new homes are to be built are likely to object to this "added density" in their neighborhood.
		From a technical perspective, TDR programs are difficult for many people to understand and can be technically difficult to establish because they require a reasonable match of supply to demand in what is by definition a very limited market to establish a legitimate price and careful rezoning to create the necessary financial incentives.
		For a landowner to sell TDRs from a property, he or she must apply to the County for the Board of County Commissioners to determine the number of TDRs on a property.
	www.patuxent-tidewater.org /TDRs.html (1060 words)

	TDRS 7
		The fully operational TDRS constellation comprises three on-orbit satellites positioned over the equator, with two stationed 130 degrees apart and a third centrally located between them and designated as an on-orbit spare.
		Each TDRS is a three-axis stabilized satellite weighing almost 5,000 pounds (about two and a half tons) and measuring 57 feet across the fully deployed solar panels.
		TDRS was the first telecommunications satellite with simultaneous three-band frequency service capability: S-band, C-band and high data rate Ku-band.
	www.skyrocket.de /space/doc_sdat/tdrs-7.htm (682 words)

	NASA's TDRS Program (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The TDRSS ground segment is located near Las Cruces, New Mexico, known as the White Sands Complex.
		Forward data is uplinked from the ground segment to the TDRS and from the TDRS to the spacecraft.
		Return data is downlinked from the spacecraft via the TDRS to the ground segment and then on to the designated data collection location.
	nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov /multi/tdrs.html (195 words)

	TDRSS (Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System)
		The first TDRS was launched in 1983 on the Space Shuttle Challenger's first flight, STS-6.
		The Inertial Upper Stage intended to lift the satellite to geostationary orbit didn't work properly, as a result of which TDRS 1 had to use its onboard thrusters to reach its correct orbit.
		TDRS 1 through 7 were built by TRW, and TDRS 8(H), 9(I), and 10(J) by Boeing's Satellite Systems.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/T/TDRSS.html (371 words)

	Boeing: NASA To Take Control Of TDRS-H Satellite
		The remaining two, TDRS-I and J, are scheduled to launch on Oct. 29, 2001 and October 2002, respectively.
		TDRS supports spacecraft with research targets ranging from the birth of stars deep in distant galaxies to the subtleties of environmental phenomena on Earth.
		The TDRS fleet is also unique in its ability to follow the motion of fast moving satellites, providing nearly continuous communication with controllers and researchers on Earth.
	www.boeing.com /ids/news/sdc/01_08_10_tdrs.html (749 words)

	FindLaw for Legal Professionals - Case Law, Federal and State Resources, Forms, and Code (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Second, as to her right to transfer her TDRs, the only contingency apart from private market demand turns on the right of the agency or a local regulatory body to deny approval for a specific transfer based on the buyer's intended improper use of the TDRs.
		All three kinds of TDRs may be transferred for the benefit of any eligible property in the Lake Tahoe Region, subject to approval by the agency based on the eligibility of the receiving parcel for development.
		TDRs, of course, have nothing to do with the use or development of the land to which they are (by regulatory decree) "attached." The right to use and develop one's own land is quite distinct from the right to confer upon someone else an increased power to use and develop his land.
	caselaw.lp.findlaw.com /scripts/getcase.pl?navby=search&court=US&case=/us/520/725.html (6204 words)

	Introduction
		While traditional TDR eventually arrives at a dollar value for each TDR, value-based TDR cuts right to the chase because actual dollars are the sole basis for transactions, not intermediaries such as pre-allocated TDR units.
		For parcels classified as Agricultural/Rural Residential, the number of TDRs allocated to a parcel is calculated by dividing the parcel’s number of acres by 10 acres.
		TDRs could be treated as commodities, allowing third parties to buy and sell TDRs before “retiring” them when TDRs are sold to a developer in order to achieve the density bonus.
	co.laplata.co.us /plan/grid/alt.htm (2479 words)

	Atlas 2A Launches TDRS-J to Orbit
		The TDRS satellites are unique in their ability to follow the motion of fast moving spacecraft, providing nearly continuous communication with controllers and researchers on Earth.
		The TDRS H,I,J procurement was the first in which NASA followed a number of commercial practices, such as identifying requirements and letting contractors develop solutions to meet them, versus developing detailed specifications and requiring contractors to follow them.
		The first seven TDRS spacecraft were built by TRW and launched on shuttles, one of which was lost in the 1986 Challenger disaster.
	www.spaceandtech.com /digest/flash2002/flash2002-094.shtml (1037 words)

	TDRs
		TDR and PDR are land use control programs designed to direct development away from protected areas.
		Under a TDR program, the right to develop in the designated protected or sending district, measured by dwelling units per acre, is removed and transferred to a designated receiving district.
		Whereas the development rights under a TDR program are transferred between two private landowners, government purchases the development rights under a PDR program from a private landowner.
	www.brown.twp.franklin.oh.us /tdrs.htm (377 words)

	TDRs and Other Market-Based Land Mechanisms: How They Work and Their Role in Shaping Metropolitan Growth
		TDRs and market-based land mechanisms are established to achieve a wide variety of goals.
		Large scale TDR programs in local jurisdictions may control growth for just that area, but often lead to the leapfrogging of development.
		In order to truly succeed, it is critical for TDRs and mitigation banks to be placed in the context of a larger, comprehensive land use plan that has specific regional goals for urban development and land conservation.
	www.brookings.edu /urban/publications/20040629_fulton.htm (505 words)

	02.20.02 - TDRS-I Satellite Safely Reaches Orbit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		TDRS-I, the second in a series of three advanced Tracking and Data Relay Satellites, launched this afternoon at 5:59 p.m.
		One of the major enhancements for the new TDRS is the addition of a steerable Ka-band single access antenna, which will provide high data-rate support to the International Space Station and Space Shuttle with high-resolution digital television.
		TDRS-I was transported to Pad 36-A in the pre-dawn hours of Feb. 26 and hoisted atop the Atlas II vehicle.
	www.gsfc.nasa.gov /topstory/2002/20020220tdrs_i.html (681 words)

	tdrs
		The TDRS system can provide communications services to orbital spacecraft over 85 percent of each orbit for most satellites, and continuous service for some orbital positions.
		The TDRS system was initiated following studies in the early 1970s which showed that a system of telecommunications satellites, operated from a single ground station, could meet the needs of NASA's mission better and more cost-effectively than the then existing network of tracking and communications ground stations located around the world.
		TDRS control center is in White Sands, New Mexico.
	easyweb.easynet.co.uk /~portwin/ASTRA/Waverider/tdrs.html (276 words)

	Preservation Online: Story of the Week Archives: Selling the Sky
		TDRs work like this: Take a one-story historic building in a zoning area that allows other buildings the same size to be five stories high.
		If TDRs are allowed, the owner of the historic building can sell the air space, which is basically the right to build four more floors on another building, to a developer.
		One problem with urban TDRs, such as the ones used by Penn Central, is that a building zoned for 30 stories could buy a local landmark's 20 stories and zoom up to a total of 50 floors.
	www.nationaltrust.org /Magazine/archives/arch_story/040706.htm (1265 words)

	Boeing consegna il satellite TDRS-I/Boeing ships TDRS-I satellite
		TDRS-I fa parte di un trio di nuovi satelliti destinati ad integrare i TDRS che da quasi vent'anni vengono utilizzati per assistere le missioni dello Space Shuttle e di altre piattaforme orbitali.
		Gli ultimi TDRS dispongono anche di capacità Ka-band e sono dunque più potenti e flessibili potendo lavorare su una banda di frequenze meno utilizzata.
		TDRS-I will be part of a trio of TDRS satellites that will replenish and augment the current TDRS fleet, which has served the Space Shuttle and other orbiting spacecraft for almost two decades.
	www.fly-net.org /aeromedia/tdrs1.html (567 words)

	NASM Space Artifacts: Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) system, a constellation of six spacecraft placed into geosynchronous orbit beginning in 1983, was designed to replace this expensive, far-flung system of tracking, telemetry, and control for space operations.
		Three TDRS are positioned equi-distant in orbit, providing near continuous contact with spacecraft in low-Earth flight--an especially crucial capability for ensuring the safety of astronauts during Shuttle missions.
		The three-axis stablized TDRS is one of the largest, most complex sateliites in use, weighing nearly 5,000 pounds and measuring 57 feet across at the solar panels.
	www.nasm.si.edu /research/dsh/artifacts/CS-TDRS.htm (164 words)

	Boeing: Integrated Defense Systems - Satellite Development Center - Boeing 601 Fleet - TDRS H, I, J
		To support this increased capacity, the contract included the upgrade of the two TDRS stations at White Sands, N.M. The first satellite, TDRS-H, was successfully launched on June 30, 2000.
		The body-stabilized Boeing 601 model on which the new TDRS satellites are based was introduced in 1987 to perform missions demanding flexibility and high power.
		As a safeguard against TDRS service failure, the contract specifies a payback schedule to reimburse NASA for any failures incurred during the first 8 years of the satellites' 11-year operational lifetimes.
	www.boeing.com /defense-space/space/bss/factsheets/601/tdrs_hij/tdrs_hij.html (568 words)

	SPACE.com -- Lockheed Martin launches NASA's Tracking and Data Relay System satellite on an Atlas 2-A rocket
		Today's launch marks thefirst of three missions scheduled during the next four years to replacethe aging constellation of TDRS satellites, the first of which was launchedin 1983 on shuttle Challenger's first flight.
		According to TDRS programmanager Tony Comberiate, the new satellite is critical to the success offuture missions involving the spaceshuttle, the InternationalSpace Station, as well as on science missions such as the HubbleSpace Telescope.
		The seventh TDRS, the secondto be launched, was lost in the 1986 Challenger disaster.
	space.com /missionlaunches/launches/atlas2a_tdrsh_launch_000630.html (618 words)

	SPACE.com -- Boeing Works to Solve Problem with NASA Communications Satellite
		The TDRS system is considered critical to every major NASA spaceborne program from the International Space Station to the Hubble Space Telescope.
		But with a growing demand for more communication services from an aging TDRS fleet that were designed to last seven years, but are on average now more than 12 years old, NASA in 1995 began an effort to orbit three modernized and more capable TDRS.
		TDRS-I was the second and a third, TDRS-J, is to be lofted by an Atlas later this year, perhaps in November.
	www.space.com /missionlaunches/tdrs_problem_020322.html (742 words)

	GRTS - NASA opens ground station for Comptom Gamma-Ray Observatory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Launched in 1983, TDRS-1 was the first satellite in the TDRS system and was operating beyond the end of its design life of 8 years when it was moved over the Indian Ocean.
		Figure 1 depicts the percentage of coverage versus TDRS location in longitude degrees and is the result of a large number of computer runs to develop a reliable statistical result.
		A lower than desirable elevation angle to the optimum TDRS location at 81-degrees east required a shift to the 82-degrees east location (a subsequent shift to 85-degrees east was necessary to accommodate the high inclination excursion of the F1 TDRS throughout the next 10 yeas).
	project-tools.com /pages/grts1.htm (3180 words)

	TDRS Document Codes — Prenatal and Postpartum Women and Tobacco
		The TDRS, in association with a range of partners, produced hundreds of reports, resources and papers.
		Documents from projects that were initiated prior to the TDRS are denoted by an asterisk (*).
		The PTCC, a training and support resource centre for the Ontario Tobacco Strategy, used TDRS funding to expand its services with often under-served francophone and northern communities in Ontario.
	www.hc-sc.gc.ca /hl-vs/pubs/tobac-tabac/prenatale/tdrs-srdt_e.html (1427 words)

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