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	Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
		TSH is produced when the hypothalamus releases a substance called thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH).
		TSH levels can help determine whether hypothyroidism is due to a damaged thyroid gland or some other cause (such as a problem with the pituitary gland or the hypothalamus).
		TSH levels that do not rise after the injection can indicate the presence of conditions such as a damaged pituitary gland (secondary hypothyroidism), Graves' disease, or any condition that causes an overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism).
	my.webmd.com /hw/health_guide_atoz/hw28656.asp (1084 words)

	TSH
		Serum TSH concentrations determined in normal euthyroid subjects are skewed with a relatively long "tail" towards the higher values of the distribution.
		TSH tests, due to their high degree of sensitivity, enable physicians to detect even the mildest abnormalities of thyroid function.
		TSH testing offers a marked improvement over simply measuring T4 and T3 by taking advantage of the “wisdom” of the pituitary gland, the organ that first recognizes thyroid dysfunction, and therefore provides a more exact measure of thyroid function.
	www.denvernaturopathic.com /news/TSH.html (1832 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: TSH
		TSH is a test that measures the amount of the hormone TSH in the blood.
		TSH is measured as a screening test for abnormal thyroid function.
		Some people with a TSH value over 2.5 mIU/L who have no signs (that is, no other abnormal thyroid function tests) or symptoms suggestive of an under-active thyroid may develop hypothyroidism sometime in the future.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/003684.htm (713 words)

	IMMULITE® 2000 CANINE TSH (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		TSH is a glycoprotein produced by the anterior pituitary gland.
		The TSH molecule is composed of two nonidentical subunits, α and β, that are bound together in a noncovalent manner.
		Within a species, the TSH α subunit is structurally identical to the α subunits of the related glycoprotein hormones (luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone and chorionic gonadotropin).
	vetmed.compasmsds.com /cvpdocs/docs_htm/12/1262/12620021.htm (1198 words)

	Neonatal TSH (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The ELEGANCE NEONATAL TSH ELISA is an enzyme-linked immunoassay incorporating a biotinylated anti-TSH polyclonal antibody (Antibody Reagent) and an anti-TSH monoclonal antibody bound to the microwells.
		The TSH is first eluted from the blood spot and at the same time the eluted TSH binds to the anti-TSH antibody on the microwell.
		The function of TSH is to regulate the release and to control the synthesis of the major thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).
	www.bioclone.com.au /bweb008.html (609 words)

	Levoxyl® - TSH Test Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The frequency of TSH monitoring during levothyroxine dose titration depends on the clinical situation but it is generally recommended at 6–8 week intervals until normalization.
		For patients who have recently initiated levothyroxine therapy and whose serum TSH has normalized or in patients who have had their dosage or brand of levothyroxine changed, the serum TSH concentration should be measured after 8–12 weeks.
		TSH may not normalize due to a resetting of the pituitary-thyroid feedback threshold as a result of in utero hypothyroidism.
	www.levoxyl.com /tsh.htm (642 words)

	Major Reversal at American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Regarding TSH Levels and Diagnosing Hypothyroidism ...
		This is the first time a conventional U.S. medical organization has acknowledged that the upper half of the TSH test's normal range may not in fact be normal, but rather, evidence of developing hypothyroidism, or a level that is potentially able to cause hypothyroidism symptoms in patients.
		The conventional endocrinology doctrine has, for several decades, dictated that a TSH level that is in the so-called "normal range" indicate a "euthyroid" -- or normal -- state for the thyroid, and thus does not warrant treatment, despite clinical symptoms.
		The current TSH levels used by laboratories to define the "normal" range of thyroid function, and the use of the TSH test as primary means of diagnosis need to be significantly reevaluated.
	www.thyroid-info.com /articles/aacereversal.htm (1138 words)

	TSH: The Test
		TSH screening is routinely performed in the United States on newborns as part of each state’s newborn screening program.
		A high TSH result often means an underactive thyroid gland that is not responding adequately to the stimulation of TSH due to some type of acute or chronic thyroid dysfunction.
		A high TSH value can also occur when patients with a known thyroid disorder (or those who have had their thyroid gland removed) are receiving too little thyroid hormone medication.
	www.labtestsonline.org /understanding/analytes/tsh/test.html (629 words)

	Physiological Control of TSH in Man (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The maximal serum TSH is reached between 21:00 and 02:00 hours and the difference between the afternoon nadir and peak TSH concentrations is 1 to 3 mU/L. Sleep prevents the further rise in TSH as reflected in the presence of increases in TSH to 5-10 mU/ml during sleep deprivation
		The diurnal rythmicity of serum TSH concentration is maintained in mild hyper- and hypothyroidism, but is abolished in severe short-term primary hypothyroidism, suggesting that the complete lack of negative feedback to the hypothalamus or pituitary or both may override the central influences on TSH secretion.
		There is a marked increase in serum TSH in neonates which peaks within the first few hours of delivery, returning towards normal over the next few days (see Chapter 15).
	www.thyroidmanager.org /Chapter4/Ch-4-3.htm (808 words)

	Medical Conditions - Thyroid
		TSH assays have been classified by "generation" based on the functional sensitivity of the assay, i.e., the lowest concentration at which the assay is able to maintain an interassay precision, expressed in terms of percent coefficient of variation (%CV), of 20% or less.
		Virtually all TSH assays currently in use are either second or third generation, with functional sensitivities of 0.1 to 0.2 µIU/mL and 0.01 to 0.02 µIU/mL, respectively.
		TSH results may be misleading during the several months required for full equilibration of thyroid physiology following initiation or significant alteration of a treatment regimen.
	www.dpcweb.com /medical/thyroid/thyroid_tests_tsh.html (489 words)

	CLV Lab Manual - TSH LEVELS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This is an RIA or chemiluminescence procedure using canine specific antibody to TSH.
		As well there are some animals that have discordant results, with high TSH and high T4, this may relate to antibody to thyroxine.
		TSH levels along with T4 or Free T4 are considered the best tests of thyroid function.
	www.centralvetlab.com /Lab/D10_1932.htm (267 words)

	Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
		TSH binds with membrane bound TSH receptors on the cells of the thyroid gland.
		TSH also increases the transcription of mRNA for thyroglobulin and thyroidal peroxidase (TPO), and increases the formation and activity of lysosomes which will hydrolyze the iodinated thyroglobulin to form thyroid hormones.
		TSH promotes thyroid cell growth, leading to the formation of a goiter if the thyroid gland is overstimulated by TSH.
	macromolonline.8m.com /endo/hormones/tsh.htm (486 words)

	IMMULITE® CANINE TSH (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The production and secretion of TSH is controlled by negative feedback from circulating T4 and T3, and by the hypothalamic hormone TRH (thyrotropin releasing hormone.) The TSH molecule is composed of two nonidentical subunits, a and b, that are bound together in a noncovalent manner.
		Within a species, the TSH a subunit is structurally identical to the a subunits of the related glycoprotein hormones (luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone and chorionic gonadotropin.) The b subunit of TSH and the b subunits of the related hormones are structurally hormone-specific, and confer upon them their unique biological activities.
		Canine TSH procedure are highly specific for canine TSH, with negligible crossreactivity to related canine pituitary glycoprotein hormones such as FSH, HCG and LH.
	vetmed.compasmsds.com /cvpdocs/docs_htm/12/1262/12620010.htm (1161 words)

	Control of TSH by Drugs and Disease (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A further contributing cause of the decreased TSH release in fasting may be an abrupt increase in the free fraction of T4 due to the inhibition of hormone binding by free fatty acids
		However, if the illness is severe and/or prolonged, serum TSH will decrease and both serum T4 (and of course T3) decrease during the course of the illness (see Chapter 5).
		Serum cytokine concentration is directly correlated with the severity of the underlying disease and to the extent of TSH and thyroid hormone abnormalities observed in these patients.
	www.thyroidmanager.org /Chapter4/Ch-4-4.htm (1753 words)

	TSH Test: Thyrotropin Hormone Level Hypothyroidism TSH TEST Diagnosis Testing of TSH Levels
		Summary: Thyroid stimulating hormone (thyrotropin, TSH) is a pituitary hormone which, through its action on the thyroid gland, plays a major role in maintaining normal circulating levels of the iodothyronines, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).
		TSH is controlled by negative feedback from circulating T4 and T3, and by the hypothalamic hormone TRH (thyrotropin releasing hormone).
		TSH levels exit the euthyroid reference range in the very early phases of developing thyroid disease, while the patient's disease is still subclinical and thyroid hormone levels remain within their euthyroid reference ranges.
	www.liposcience.com /control.cfm?id=21 (432 words)

	TSH References / Alt.Support.Thyroid Newsgroup Website
		Hypothyroidism and the TSH Range: See The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists' recommendation to consider 3.0 the high end of the TSH range, along with other references indicating that a TSH level above 2 should be questioned.
		In around 1975, however, the also-imperfect TSH test was proclaimed as "the gold standard." No studies were done to see if TSH test results correlated with the conditions of a large number of patients, or with actual thyroid hormone levels, yet the TSH test now rules the world of thyroid diagnosis.
		They are taught that the TSH test is "highly sensitive" and is usually the only test needed to diagnose thyroid conditions, but they are not, apparently (according to what they tell patients), told about its multitudinous documented shortcomings.
	www.altsupportthyroid.org /tsh/tshrefs.php (994 words)

	[No title]
		Introduction The determination of serum or plasma levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) is recognized as a sensitive method in the diagnosis of primary and secondary hypothyroidism.
		Although the concentration of TSH in the blood is extremely low, it is essential for the maintenance of normal thyroid function.
		TSH and the pituitary glycoproteins: luteinizing hormonee (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), have identical alpha chains.
	www.rapidtest.com /TSH_3122.doc (1250 words)

	Thyroid TSH results :: The Doctors Lounge(TM)
		However, another TSH test a few weeks later showed myy TSH was 1.57 with normal being 4.0 to 5.50.
		tsh is secreted by the pituitary gland and is not only affected by the synthroid you are taking but is also affected by another organ called the hypothalamus that secretes another substance that controls the release of tsh.
		This is not a common occurrence and when it happens the only way to know whether a patient is getting enough synthroid is to check their thyroid hormone level in the blood directly.
	www.thedoctorslounge.net /forums/viewtopic.php?t=1966 (622 words)

	Relationship between the Tsh Autotransporter and Pathogenicity of Avian Escherichia coli and Localization and Analysis ...
		Tsh contributes to the pathogenesis of APEC infection.
		of tsh in the pathogenesis of avian respiratory
		Proximity of tsh to the ColV gene cluster in APEC isolates.
	iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/68/7/4145 (6453 words)

	The TSH Test
		TSH is also low in central hypothyroidism, a condition caused when the hypothalamus or pituitary gland don’t respond to low thyroid hormone levels in the usual way.
		TSH levels are also low during pregnancy and they are low in people who have TSH receptor antibodies, including people who have Graves’ disease.
		For instance, a patient who usually runs a TSH of 1.0 can show symptoms of hyperthyroidism when his or her TSH is 0.4 mu/L. Likewise, he or she could have symptoms of hypothyroidism with a TSH of 1.6 mu/L. Writing in the journal Thyroid, Stig Andersen et al.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/graves_disease/108504 (639 words)

	Interpretation of Thyroid Tests
		This rise in TSH represents the pituitary gland's response to a drop in circulating thyroid hormone; it is usually the first indication of thyroid gland failure.
		Since TSH is normally low when the thyroid gland is functioning properly, the failure of TSH to rise when circulating thyroid hormones are low is an indication of impaired pituitary function.
		The new "sensitive" TSH test will show very low levels of TSH when the thyroid is overactive (as a normal response of the pituitary to try to decrease thyroid stimulation).
	www.endocrineweb.com /tests.html (2040 words)

	Lab Analysis for adrenal and thyroid dysfunction
		Thus a ‘high TSH level’ is like the pituitary saying it has a ‘high need for thyroid hormone’.
		An optimal value of TSH means the thyroid hormone levels match the body’s energy needs and/or ability to utilize the energy.
		In the case of TSH, the optimal zone is skewed far toward the low end of the standard lab Low-High range.
	www.drrind.com /thyroidscale.asp (2125 words)

	TSH Levels / Alt.Support.Thyroid Newsgroup Website
		TSH is a pituitary hormone, not a thyroid hormone.
		The main problem with the TSH test is that the reference range for it is too wide at most labs.
		In addition, a TSH level at the higher end of the range (but within many reference ranges) may correlate with other health conditions — depression, heart disease, and high cholesterol, for example.
	www.altsupportthyroid.org /tsh.php (884 words)

	Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Receptor Structure-Function Relationships -- Szkudlinski et ...
		TSH synthesis in the anterior pituitary is stimulated by thyrotropin-releasing
		TSH is a member of the glycoprotein hormone family (155), structurally classified as part of the CKGF superfamily of structurally
		Recently, a family was described with a resistance to TSH responsible for euthyroid hyperthyrotropinemia in two siblings (165).
	physrev.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/82/2/473 (8280 words)

	Hormones of the Pituitary
		TSH (also known as thyrotropin) is a glycoprotein consisting of:
		The alpha chain is identical to that found in two other pituitary hormones, FSH and LH as well as in the hormone chorionic gonadotropin.
		A deficiency of TSH, or mutant TSH receptors, have also been implicated as a cause of osteoporosis.
	users.rcn.com /jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/P/Pituitary.html (1333 words)

	Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
		Unsuspected increase in the level of serum TSH is not uncommon in elderly subjects.
		TSH is the single most sensitive test for primary hypothyroidism.
		TSH levels have been elevated or inappropriately detectable for high thyroid hormone levels in some patients with thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas.
	www.labcorp.com /datasets/labcorp/html/chapter/mono/ri010700.htm (914 words)

	TSH References / alt.support.thyroid website
		Even though a TSH level between 3.0 and 5.0 uU/ml is in the normal range, it should be considered suspect since it may signal a case of evolving thyroid underactivity.
		The maxim of the day before the TSH arrived was you gave enough thyroid until the patient was bettermedical students are taught to treat a lab test and not the patient.
		A TSH ranging between 2.0 and 4.5 may mean some thyroid hormone deficiency.Often all it takes to restore normal thyroid status is a small increase in the dose, which might have significant effects on the way you feel.
	thyroid.bravepages.com /tsh/tshrefs.html (2532 words)

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