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Topic: Table Mountain Pine

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	Betula spp
		Table mountain pine is one of the southern pines.
		Distribution: Table mountain pine is native to the Appalachian Mountain region from Pennsylvania southwest to eastern West Virginia, Virginia, northwestern South Carolina, northeastern Georgia and eastern Tennessee.
		Table mountain pine is used for pulpwood, low grade saw timber and firewood.
	www2.fpl.fs.fed.us /TechSheets/SoftwoodNA/htmlDocs/pinuspungens.html (492 words)

	Table Mountain Pine -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		This pine prefers dry conditions and is mostly found on rocky slopes, preferring higher elevations, from 300-1760 m altitude.
		Several "Lonesome Pine" hiking trails have been waymarked in the (A range of the Appalachians extending from Pennsylvania to northern Georgia) Blue Ridge Mountains and elsewhere in the Appalachians.
		Table Mountain pine is also called Hickory Pine or Mountain Pine, though the latter name usually refers to the European species (additional info and facts about Pinus mugo) Pinus mugo.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/t/ta/table_mountain_pine.htm (236 words)

	Table Mountain Pine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Table Mountain Pine (Pinus pungens) is a small pine native to the Appalachian Mountains in the United States.
		Several "Lonesome Pine" hiking trails have been waymarked in the Blue Ridge Mountains and elsewhere in the Appalachians.
		Table Mountain pine is also called Hickory Pine or Mountain Pine, though the latter name usually refers to the European species Pinus mugo.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pinus_pungens (265 words)

	botany/pinus
		Pine trees are also tapped in several parts of the world, such as western France, the southeastern U.S., and the Himalayas, for the purpose of their resin, which when distilled provides turpentine and resin.
		Pines intended to grow in the forest should be set in their positions when quite small, from 9 to 12 inches high.
		Pines usually form straggly roots and it's difficult to dig them up with a good soil ball, but this is very important to successful transplanting of all but very small plants.
	www.botany.com /pinus.html (1351 words)

	WildWNC.org : Trees : Table Mountain Pine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Table Mountain pine is unevenly distributed; its range extends from the Northern Appalachians in central Pennsylvania southwest to eastern West Virginia and southward into the Southern Appalachians, ending on the steep western edge of the mountains of North Carolina and east Tennessee (1,2,6,9,10,11,19,25,29).
		The staminate cones of Table Mountain pine are a reddish purple (31).
		Table Mountain pines are intermediate in fire resistance and bark thickness.
	www.wildwnc.org /trees/Pinus_pungens.html (4426 words)

	WildWNC.org : Trees : Table Mountain Pine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Table Mountain pine is unevenly distributed; its range extends from the Northern Appalachians in central Pennsylvania southwest to eastern West Virginia and southward into the Southern Appalachians, ending on the steep western edge of the mountains of North Carolina and east Tennessee (1,2,6,9,10,11,19,25,29).
		Of the three dry-site pines, Table Mountain pine roots are most affected by temperature; it grows a longer root than Virginia pine only between 16° to 28° C (61° to 82° F); pitch pine seedlings have the shortest roots at all temperatures (31).
		The often gnarly Table Mountain pines are a welcome sight on rocky, cliff-like areas of the Appalachians, but perhaps the most important use of the species is as protection forest; it stabilizes soil, minimizing erosion and runoff from the vast shale barrens and other rugged topographic features within its natural range (17).
	wildwnc.org /trees/Pinus_pungens.html (4426 words)

	Botanical and ecological characteristics
		Table Mountain pine prefers the southern and southwestern aspect of steep, exposed ridges [2,11,15,22].
		Because Table Mountain pine is susceptible to frost, the species' distribution is limited by low temperatures [22].
		Table Mountain pine sheds pollen earlier than other pine species in the region, and it also has the earliest growth of new needles [22].
	www.fs.fed.us /database/feis/plants/tree/pinpun/botanical_and_ecological_characteristics.html (850 words)

	Nearctica - Native Conifers of North America - Pinus pungens
		The apical spines of the cone scales are not as well developed in Virginia Pine as in Table Mountain Pine and the cones of Virginia Pine are symmetric, not oblique at the base.
		Table Mountain Pine is unevenly distributed; its range extends from the Northern Appalachians in central Pennsylvania southwest to eastern West Virginia and southward into the Southern Appalachians, ending on the steep western edge of the mountains of North Carolina and east Tennessee.
		There are numerous outlying populations of Table Mountain pine to the east and a few to the west of the Appalachians; many outliers are associated with monadnocks which rise considerably higher than the surrounding Piedmont.
	www.nearctica.com /trees/conifer/pinus/Ppung.htm (426 words)

	John Bailey: Table Mountain Pine
		Table Mountain pine is unevenly distributed; its range extends from the northern Appalachians in central Pennsylvania southwest to eastern West Virginia and southward into the southern Appalachians, ending on the steep western edge of the mountains of North Carolina and Tennessee.
		Although surface rock varies in Table Mountain pine stands in the Great Smoky Mountains, it is often less than 15 percent of total surface cover; however, on narrow ridges, surface rocks can range from 35 to 55 percent or more.
		Above 3,480 feet Table Mountain pine pine-pitch pine stands were mostly restricted to south-facing ridges; with increasing elevation, pitch pine decreased in abundance.
	www.runet.edu /~jbailey2/bio335project/tablemountainpine.html (631 words)

	John Bailey: Table Mountain Pine
		Table Mountain pine is unevenly distributed; its range extends from the northern Appalachians in central Pennsylvania southwest to eastern West Virginia and southward into the southern Appalachians, ending on the steep western edge of the mountains of North Carolina and Tennessee.
		Although surface rock varies in Table Mountain pine stands in the Great Smoky Mountains, it is often less than 15 percent of total surface cover; however, on narrow ridges, surface rocks can range from 35 to 55 percent or more.
		Above 3,480 feet Table Mountain pine pine-pitch pine stands were mostly restricted to south-facing ridges; with increasing elevation, pitch pine decreased in abundance.
	www.radford.edu /~jbailey2/bio335project/tablemountainpine.html (631 words)

	Natural Communities of Virginia - Terrestrial System - Low-elevation Dry & Dry-Mesic Forests & Woodlands: Pine ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Pine — Oak / Heath woodlands are widespread throughout both the Ridge and Valley and Blue Ridge provinces in western Virginia.
		Short-statured table-mountain pine (Pinus pungens) and pitch pine (Pinus rigida) are usually the dominants forming an open overstory, often with co-dominant chestnut oak (Quercus montana, = Quercus prinus).
		Fire reduction and the native insect pest, southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis) are the most serious threats to communities of this group, although historically, pine beetle-induced mortality followed by stand-replacing fire was a principal mechanism for pine regeneration.
	www.dcr.virginia.gov /dnh/ncTIIIi.htm (838 words)

	Management Considerations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Table Mountain pine seedlings often constitute 80 percent of the reproduction on logged-over areas [2].
		The southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis) and the European pine sawfly (Neodiprion sertifer) attack Table Mountain pine, as does Diorytria yatesi, a cone-boring insect, which can destroy the entire seed crop [2,22].
		Table Mountain pine shows an increasing percentage of needle chlorosis with increasing ozone concentrations [15].
	www.fs.fed.us /database/feis/plants/tree/pinpun/management_considerations.html (296 words)

	Ecology: The adaptive significance of spines on pine cones
		Ecology: The adaptive significance of spines on pine cones
		The adaptive significance of spines on pine cones
		This indicates that pines that retain seeds for extended periods in open cones tend to have spines (13 of 15 species), whereas those species that retain seeds for brief periods in open cones tend to lose spines (4 of 6 species).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2120/is_4_80/ai_54994053/pg_3 (1529 words)

	Table Mountain Pine
		Table Mountain Pine(Pinus pungens), Pine eNature.com is a free searchable nature and wildlife database...
		Table Mountain pine is unevenly distributed; its range extends from the Northern...
		The mountain laurel and...pitch and Table Mountain pine.
	www.cape-town-walks.com /walks/table-mountain-pine.htm (358 words)

	WildWNC.org : Trees : Table Mountain Pine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Above 1060 m (3,480 ft) Table Mountain pine-pitch pine stands were mostly restricted to south-facing ridges; with increasing elevation, pitch pine decreased in abundance.
		The staminate cones of Table Mountain pine are a reddish purple (31).
		Table Mountain pines are intermediate in fire resistance and bark thickness.
	www.wildwnc.com /trees/Pinus_pungens.html (4426 words)

	TABLE MOUNTAIN
		Table Mountain is located approximately 8 kilometers northeast of Stephenville, Newfoundland.
		All references to Table Mountain are from Canadian 1:50 000 topographic map "Stephenville 12B/10", universal transverse Mercator grid zone 21, square identification UD, mean declination 1985 (center of map) 23º 34' W, annual change decreasing 6.1'.
		It may be downloaded and printed to be used as a trail guide to Table Mountain and may not be published for sale, or otherwise distributed in any form or used for any other purpose.
	www.wecormack.ca /pine01.html (1128 words)

	Great Smoky Mountains National Park - Nature & Science
		Fire recycled the nutrients of dead wood for use by growing plants and conditioned the forest floor for the regeneration of species that are dependent on disturbance.
		Table Mountain pine is a prime example of a species that benefits from fire.
		Many stands of Table Mountain pine in the park are failing to regenerate due to past fire control practices.
	www.nps.gov /grsm/pphtml/subenvironmentalfactors12.html (1141 words)

	Table Mountain Pine (Pinus pungens) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Endemic to the southern Appalachians, Table Mountain Pine is fairly common on dry, rocky ridges in the Mountain province of North Carolina.
		Tending towards being short and squat, the tree's form is usually rounded with many arching branches.
		Like the more common and widespread Virginia Pine, the leaves are short and come two in a fascicle, but the large, stout, ovoid female cones are quite different from the smaller cones of Virginia Pine.
	www.duke.edu /~cwcook/trees/pipu.html (119 words)

	flora (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Mountain laurel, rhododendron, and flame azalea are the flowers most visitors come to see in the summer.
		The pine trees are distinguished from one another by the number of needles per "cluster"- the white pine has 5 needles per cluster, while the table mountain pine has only 2.
		The table mountain pine has been in serious decline lately due to the absence of wildfires, which it needs for reproduction.
	www.blountweb.com /cadescove/flora.htm (1005 words)

	Nearctica - Native Conifers of North America - Pinus virginiana
		Identifying Characters: Virginia Pine is identifiable by its relatively short, twisted needles in bundles of 2.
		Measurements: Virginia Pine is a small to medium size tree and is about 30 to 40 feet in height and 1 to 1.5 feet in diameter.
		Native Range: Virginia Pine generally grows throughout the Piedmont and at lower elevations in the mountains from central Pennsylvania southwestward to northeastern Mississippi, Alabama, and northern Georgia.
	www.nearctica.com /trees/conifer/pinus/Pvirgin.htm (298 words)

	Table Mountain Pine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Table Mountain pine is endemic to the Appalachian Mountains.
		This tree was first collected around 1794 near Tablerock Mountain in Burke County, North Carolina, hence the common name `Table Mountain pine'.
		Restricted to rocky, dry ridges and slopes, it is scattered throughout its range and sometimes forms small populations in suitable areas.
	www2.ncsu.edu /unity/lockers/project/dendrology/index/plantae/vascular/seedplants/gymnosperms/conifers/pine/pinus/australes/tablemountain/pungens.html (171 words)

	House Mountain - RACC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Actually the mountain has two peaks with a gentle meadowland between known as "the saddle." Once a pasture and apple orchard, the saddle sits at the base of the cliffs of Big House Mountain (3,645 feet) to the west and the laurel thickets of Little House Mountain (3,386 feet) to the east.
		There are large stands of scarlet and chestnut oak, tulip poplar, and table mountain pine and many saplings of American chestnut sprouting from stumps of this once donimant tree.
		The two-mile trail to the saddle is a mountain road heading west from the end of the state road.
	organizations.rockbridge.net /racc/housem.htm (463 words)

	Hiker's Notebook: Table Mountain Pine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		It was first harvested for use in 1794 from Tablerock Mountain in Burke County, North Carolina from which it gets its name.
		The cones of the Table Mountain Pine are serotinous, meaning late in development.
		Table Mountain Pine wood is of low density and strength and has limited use as a building material.
	www.mwrop.org /W_Needham/TableMtnPine_041205.htm (256 words)

	Pennsylvania State Parks - Joseph E. Ibberson - PA DCNR
		The common tree species of Joseph E. Ibberson Conservation Area are red, fl, scarlet and chestnut oak, white, Virginia, and table mountain pine, tulip popular, eastern hemlock, fl gum, basswood, fl walnut, fl locust, wild fl cherry, fl birch, red maple, sassafras, American beech and hickories.
		The conservation area is in the Ridge and Valley Province of the Appalachian Mountains, which is characterized by long parallel mountain ridges and wide, flat valleys.
		The Appalachian Mountains were once very tall, but 220 million years of erosion have worn away the tops of the mountains, leaving behind wide, flat valleys and short, steep mountains of hard rock.
	www.dcnr.state.pa.us /stateparks/parks/josepheibberson_wildlife.aspx (409 words)

	Proposed Colorado Wilderness: Table Mountain
		Table Mountain is part of the Royal Gorge Bureau of Land Management Resource Area in the Arkansas River Canyon 15 miles west of Canon City.
		Table Mountain offers remote and challenging terrain in canyons and on the high plateau.
		Table Mountain terrain ranges from 6,000 ft. to 9,400 ft. The dramatic high plateau that forms the north side of the area drops through canyons to the Arkansas River on the south side.
	www.ccwcwilderness.org /wilderness/table.html (292 words)

	Plant Information Center - NC Trees - Table Mountain Pine
		Table mountain pine usually grows along with hardwoods and other pines or in small pure stands on dry, rocky slopes and ridges in the mountains and upper Piedmont.
		The cones of this pine are 2 1/2 to 3 inches long and in clusters of three or four (sometimes more).
		It is used for rough lumber, pulpwood and fuel wood.
	www.ibiblio.org /pic/NCTrees/tablemountainpine.htm (237 words)

	Malcolm 1993 Report (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The low pine LW signal-to-noise ratios relative to pine EW (Table 1) may indicate that a certain lack of precision occurred when measuring the point of transition, especially when climate accounted for 10% more variance in pine LW response functions than in EW (23.8% vs. 13.2%, respectively; Figure 3b,c).
		We graphed Pandapas Pond pitch pine EW and LW against Virginia division 6 (Southwestern Mountain) the August Palmer drought severity index (PDSI; Palmer 1965) from the National Climatic Data Center (1990) (Figure 4).
		Both pitch pine and white oak definitely showed EW and LW to be dependent on moisture supply.
	web.utk.edu /~grissino/nadef/reports/1993malcolm.htm (1662 words)

	Pine-heath Forests (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Pine heath forests are common along the Blue Ridge Escarpment in the Carolinas and along the south and western borders of the Blue Ridge Province in Tennessee and Georgia.
		The pine-heath forests are dominated by pine overstory consisting of Table Mountain, Virginia, and pitch pines.
		Table Mountain pine has serotinous cones that remain unopened until exposed to intense heat of a fire.
	biology.mhc.edu /forests/Communities/Pine_heath.htm (302 words)

	Sherpa Guides \| Georgia \| Mountains \| Highlands, North Carolina
		Often on other outcrops, the niche of the pitch pine is filled by the rarer table mountain pine, and hemlocks might include the rare Carolina hemlock.
		Luxury Resort on Lake Chatuge in the North Georgia Mountains - Cradled on the tranquil shores of beautiful Lake Chatuge, in the Heart of Towns County and Hiawassee in the North Georgia Mountains is the picturesque Fieldstone Resort.
		Mountain River Cabins - Lakeview Lodge is a two-bedroom, two-bath cabin with a sleeping loft, outdoor hot tub, and screened porch.
	sherpaguides.com /georgia/mountains/blue_ridge/eastern/highlands_nc.html (10123 words)

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