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Topic: Tabun

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Nerve agent

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	Tabun
		Tabun is the name given to the first nerve agent by its inventor.
		The full name of Tabun is given as either ethyl dimethylamidocyanophosphate or ethyl N,N-dimethylphosphoramidocyanidate or ethyl dimethyl- phosphoramidocyanidate or dimethylaminoethoxy-cyanophosphine oxide or dimethylamidoethoxy- phosphoryl cyanide or dimethylphosphoramidocyanidic acid, dimethyl-, ethyl ester.
		During WW II as part of the Grün 3 program a plant for the manufacture of Tabun was established in Dyhernfurth (now Bzerg Dolny, Poland), producing the nerve agent under the codename Trilon-83.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ta/Tabun.html (308 words)

	CDC \| Facts About Tabun
		Tabun is a man-made chemical warfare agent classified as a nerve agent.
		Tabun was originally developed as a pesticide in Germany in 1936.
		Tabun is a clear, colorless, tasteless liquid with a faint fruity odor.
	www.bt.cdc.gov /agent/tabun/basics/facts.asp (1152 words)

	Tabun
		Tabun is essentially absorbed through the skin, although vapours can also be hazardous.
		Tabun was the first nerve agent to be discovered.
		Tabun belongs to the G(erman)-class of nerve agent.
	cbw.sipri.se /docu/cw-agents/tabun.html (326 words)

	Tabun as chemical agent
		Tabun has the same effect as VX or most chemical agents for that matter, but the extent of damage to the victim varies on several factors like temperature, wind, air pressure,concentration,type of chemical compound and method of delivery.
		Symptoms of exposure to low doses of Tabun gas include irritation of intestinal tract and runny nose.As the exposure prolongs and rises, symptoms like intestinal cramps,vomitting and tightening of the diaphragm get worse.Death, of course, is the usual consequence of such a fatal exposure.
		Tabun, like most nerve agents, inhibit the acetylcholinesterase enzyme that allows the neurotransmitter acetylcholine substrate to bind at its active site and form a temporary ES-complex, which normally dissociates into the new product and a free enzyme.
	library.thinkquest.org /27393/dreamwvr/agents/tabun.htm (215 words)

	The Tabun C2 Mandible - Nathan Holton - Chp 2
		Tabun Layer C is characterized by a lower frequency of points and a high frequency of radially prepared Levallois flakes.
		In contrast to the Tabun D assemblage, there is fossil material associated with Mousterian deposits at Tabun C. The early modern hominid remains from Skhul and Qafzeh were excavated from within the context of the Tabun C assemblage as well as the Tabun C2 mandible and the partial remains of the Tabun C1 Neandertal.
		The Tabun C2 mandible (Figure 3) is derived from Layer C of Tabun Cave at Mount Carmel and was originally described by McCown and Keith (1939).
	online.sfsu.edu /~mgriffin/Holton3.htm (4807 words)

	¦ 360ok ¦ Chemical Warfare Agents¦ 3D modeling ¦ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Tabun, also known as “GA”, is a man-made chemical warfare agent classified as a nerve agent (nerve agents the most toxic and rapidly acting of the known chemical warfare agents) and it was originally developed as a pesticide in Germany in 1936.
		Tabun is a clear, colorless, tasteless liquid with a faint fruity odor, it can become a vapor if heated.
		Tabun can be absorbed through any body surface, but vaporized Tabun is absorbed through the respiratory tract and conjunctiva.
	www.360ok.com /chemical-agents-3d-model.html (480 words)

	The Tabun C2 Mandible - Nathan Holton - Chp 5-6
		Tabun C1does exhibit a short, broad ramus when compared to the remainder of the Neandertal sample although the major difference between the Tabun C1 mandible and the remainder of the Neandertal sample is that of size.
		Maintaining that Tabun C1 is derived from Level C, there is evidence that not only were Neandertals present in the Levant at an early date but there is also evidence for the mixture of genes between Neandertal and modern populations at this time.
		Given that Tabun C2 possibly represents the earliest evidence of modern humans in Levant due to the presence of modern features, it can be asserted that the earliest modern occupation of this region was in the form of genes, not population migrations.
	online.sfsu.edu /~mgriffin/Holton6.htm (5649 words)

	Tabun - █ FURTHER READING:
		Tabun (or "GA") is one of a group of synthetic chemicals that were developed in Germany during the 1930s and 1940s (Tabun was developed in 1936).
		Tabun is one of the G-type nerve agents, along with Sarin and Soman.
		Tabun vapors tend to be denser than air and so settle into low-lying depressions or valleys.
	www.espionageinfo.com /Sp-Te/Tabun.html (493 words)

	Tabun (nerve agent) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tabun is the first of the so-called G-series nerve agents (along with GB (sarin), GD (soman) and GF (cyclosarin)).
		Tabun is a colourless to brown liquid (depending on purity).
		Tabun is about half as toxic as sarin by inhalation, but tabun in very low concentrations is more irritating to the eyes than sarin.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tabun_(nerve_gas) (747 words)

	Tear Gases & Chemical Agents - Agent GA (Tabun) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		GA is a volatile, liquid anticholinesterase nerve agents that reacts irreversibly with the enzyme cholinesterase, thereby permitting a deleterious accumulation of acetylcholine at nerve endings, which can lead to rapid death.
		Tabun (GA) is a neurotoxic agent with an i.v.
		GA causes runny nose, tightness of chest, dimness of vision and pinpointing of the eye pupils, difficulty in breathing, drooling and excessive sweating, nausea, vomiting, cramps, involuntary defecation and urination, twitching, jerking and staggering, headache, drowsiness, coma and convulsions, followed by cessation of breathing and death.
	www.zarc.com /english/chemical/agentga.html (106 words)

	Homeland Security National Terror Alert » Facts About Tabun (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Tabun was originally developed as an insecticide in Germany in 1936.
		The extent of poisoning caused by tabun depends on the amount of tabun a person was exposed to, how the person was exposed, and the length of time of the exposure.
		Although tabun has a faint fruity odor, the odor may not be noticeable enough to give people sufficient warning against a toxic exposure.
	www.nationalterroralert.com /tabun (1024 words)

	The Command Post - Iraq - U.S. Troops Possibly find Tabun
		Tabun is an old organophosphate nerve agent ("nerve gas') in the same family as Sarin, and was deployed by Iraq in the Iran/Iraq war.
		Traces of tabun in an empty bottle was reported before (the link is on cp somewhere...).
		Furthermore, we don't yet know if it was an empty or full bottle of Tabun, and even a bottle is a breach, allthough you could only kill a few hundred people with it.
	www.command-post.org /archives/003958.html (213 words)

	Chemical Molecule Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This phosphorus compound, given the name tabun, was the first of the substances later referred to as nerve agents.
		A factory for production of the new chemical warfare agent was built and a total of 12 000 tonnes of tabun were produced during the years 1942-1945.
		Tabun is more deadly than sarin, but is more difficult to handle as it is very corrosive.
	www.ch.ic.ac.uk /vchemlib/mol/horrible/war/tabunbak.html (225 words)

	Chemistry of GA (Tabun)
		Tabun was originally discovered in 1936 by G. Schrader of I. Farben in Germany,
		The rate constant for the hydrolysis of Tabun has been measured at a variety of pH and temperatures; these values are given below along with references to the experimental literature.
		Little information is available in the literature about decontamination systems effective against Tabun; apparently because it is no longer used by the US or Russia as a major chemical warfare agent.
	www.mitretek.org /ChemistryOfGATabun.htm (770 words)

	Nerve agent - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In experiments, tabun was extremely potent against insects: as little as 5 ppm of tabun killed all the leaf lice he used in his initial experiment.
		Tabun itself was so hazardous that the final processes had to be performed while enclosed in double glass-lined chambers with a stream of pressurized air circulating between the walls.
		Seven workers were hit in the face with a stream of tabun of such force that the liquid was forced behind their respirators; only two survived despite heroic resuscitation measures.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nerve_gas (3220 words)

	Tabun (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It was the first nerve agent discovered and is the easiest of the nerve agents to manufacture.
		Tabun is almost totally odorless and colorless in a pure state.
		If tabun gets into the eyes of a person, they should immediately flush them with water for 10-15 minutes, then put on a respiratory mask.
	www.chm.bris.ac.uk /webprojects2003/lewis/Tabun.htm (207 words)

	USNews.com: Health: Nerve Agents
		Tabun is toxic and affects the body rapidly.
		Tabun was possibly used in the 1980s during the Iran-Iraq War.
		Tabun can remain active on a person's clothing, leading to exposure of others.
	www.usnews.com /usnews/health/articles/060329/29hhs_nerveagents_2.htm (446 words)

	Tabun (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		If tabun gets into one's eyes, a person should immediately flush them with water for 10-15 minutes, then put on a respiratory mask.
		If one ingests tabun, first symptoms are likely to be gastrointestinal and victims should be given a nerve antidote.
		There are unconfirmed reports of sheltered Scud missiles with sarin or tabun nerve gas warheads deployed in caves and shelters near Damascus, Syria.
	www.yhti.net /~fcema/Tabun.html (330 words)

	Tabun: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library
		It might be used to detoxify sarin, soman, tabun, and VX gases, which are organophosphate poisons, similar in...
		...organophosphorated agent may habe been Tabun, which would explain the presence of cyanide...for the explosion of bombs containing Tabun may cause that substance to decompose and produce hydrocyanide." (Tabun is a nerve agent.) Iraqi stand In...
		TABUN ta b n, liquid chemical compound used as a nerve gas...absorbed through the skin, but the vapor is not.
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/tabun.jsp?l=T&p=1 (1533 words)

	Tabun
		Tabun is a human-made chemical warfare agent classified as a nerve agent.
		-The extent of poisoning caused by tabun depends on the amount of tabun a person was exposed to, how the person was exposed, and the length of time of the exposure.
		-Because tabun is less volatile than sarin, it will remain on exposed surfaces for a longer period of time compared with sarin.
	www.nilesema.com /tabun.htm (1026 words)

	Tabun Horseriding \| Krakow \| Poland - Cracow Life
		Tabun was founded in 1983 by Count Mikolaj Rey, a descendant of the colourful Renaissance poet of the same name.
		The club has one of the best reputations for horseriding in Cracow, and there is an excellent choice of horses for all age groups.
		And of course if a brisk jaunt round the paddock is more your cup of tea - with a few jumps to quicken the pulse - then this is equally possible.
	www.cracow-life.com /krakow/where_to_play/entertainment_details/306-Tabun_Horseriding (129 words)

	Abstract Details
		The tabun disappearance kinetics were studied at 15 and 25°C in aqueous solutions at pH 1, 6 and 10.
		Tabun with a high purity degree (>90%) is difficult to obtain and several synthesis impurities are always present.
		Tabun is completely destroyed at pH 1 after 18 minutes whereas 60 hours are necessary to the entire disappearance at pH 6 and 10.
	www.asms.org /Desktopmodules/inmergeabstractsearch/programprintview.aspx?sess=MP06 (6418 words)

	nerve-agents
		Tabun is classified as a nerve agent that interrupts the transmission of nerve impulses in the body.
		Under average weather conditions, tabun can persist for 1-2 days; it is primarily released as an aerosol or vapor.
		Tabun is detected on the basis of the history of exposure, clinical signs and symptoms, and confirmatory laboratory tests.
	www.unitedstatesaction.com /nerve-agents.htm (783 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for tabun
		The liquid is absorbed through the skin, but the vapor is not.
		Nerve gases were first developed by Germany during World War II but were not used at that time.
		Chemically, sarin is fluoroisopropoxymethylphosphine oxide; it is more toxic than tabun or soman.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=tabun (430 words)

	A Short History of the Development of Nerve Gases (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Schrader found that Tabun was extremely potent against insects; 5 ppm of Tabun killed all the leaf lice he used in his initial experiment.
		The extreme toxicity of Tabun required that the final production units be enclosed in double glass-lined walls, with a stream of pressurized air circulating between the walls.
		The prisoner told the British the code name for Tabun (Trilon 83), the chemical reactions by which it was produced, its effects, and methods of use of and defense against Tabun.
	www.mitretek.org /AShortHistoryOfTheDevelopmentOfNerveGases.htm (1747 words)

	Paleolithic Tabun Cave in Israel
		Abstract: Recent excavations at the deeply stratified Late Pleistocene cave site of Tabun on Mount Carmel have yielded a long sequence of Middle and Lower Paleolithic industries and associated geological and environmental evidence that has important implications for the understanding of man's cultural and biological development in that period.
		The Tabun Cave was occupied intermittently during the Lower and Middle Paleolithic ages (half a million to some 40,000 years ago).
		The material remains from the upper strata in the Tabun Cave are of the Mousterian culture (about 200,000 — 45,000 years ago)...
	ancientneareast.tripod.com /Tabun_Cave.html (457 words)

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