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Topic: Tagmemics

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	McCollough English 500 Fall 1998
		Tagmemics is a linguistic theory that that treats language as a part of the greater whole of human behavior.Tagmemicists view language as an integral part of human behavior, an element that cannot be separated from its cultural context.
		Tagmemics is like a two way mirror--it provides a method for understanding not only the object of inquiry, but also the observer.
		In a broader sense, the tagmeme is any unit or chunk of language or language behavior that can be identified, classified, differentiated, and employed, in itself, in a system, or as a system within a particular mode of discourse or cultural context.
	www.cwru.edu /affil/sce/old/ricemccollough500.html (3477 words)

	Christian Faith and
		Tagmemics is interested in the functional relations in the internal structure of words, phrases, clauses, and sentences as well as in such relations and contrasts among constructions.
		Tagmemics is a reaffirmation of function in a structuralist context.
		The tagmeme is postulated as a small element in language as a whole and in this respect is very similar to the units of phoneme and morpheme.
	www.worldvieweyes.org /resources/Strauss/PikesTagmemics.htm (4183 words)

	K. L. Pike on Etic vs. Emic: A Review and Interview
		In tagmemics the two terms are something of a "root-metaphor" with philosophical implications (1987:81), although this metaphor would collapse if it were to treat units as existing autonomously, without context (1987:93).
		Central to the discussion of etic and emic is the notion of the tagmeme.
		Tagmemics has not been widely adopted outside of the SIL context and, even there, it has been modified and expanded in ways that are quite different from Pike and Pike (See, for example, Longacre 1983).
	www.sil.org /klp/karlintv.htm (8294 words)

	Problem-Solving: The Debates in Composition and Psychology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Their Tagmemic approach to problem-solving offers heuristics for identifying, analyzing, and stating problems, as well as for distinguishing between unsolvable and apparently unsolvable problems, La exploring a problem from varying perspectives, and for evaluating hypothesis.
		James Kinney argues that tagmemics is a rational rather than empirical heuristic but agrees with Wells’ contention that in writers it tends to produce “a state of disengagement, a willingness to relitavize everything, the desire to leave both object and manipulator essentially unchanged” (353).
		And Charles Yarnoff’s praise of tagmemics is tempered by his belief that it provides writers with “no way to know where anomalies in their belief-structures come from and how to look for them” (560).
	jac.gsu.edu /jac/7/Articles/7.htm (5157 words)

	The Tagmemics Page
		From the tagmemic point of view, every rhetor's task is inevitably analogous to the kinds of challenges "alien" translators in a new cultural environment encounter: locating a point of entry into a particular language ambiguity, problem, or challenge that will provide a true bridge for nonthreatening exchange and that, therefore, might make possible meaningful change.
		Thus, in tagmemic terms, a rhetorical task involves deliberately leaving behind a default "etic" or outsider's perspective on data under consideration, and employing heuristics that assist a communicator in approximating an "emic" or insider's perspective conducive to reaching the projected audience.
		Nevertheless, tagmemic rhetoricians continue to investigate and proffer viewpoints upon not only literacy and pedagogically-related issues but also the complexities of human psychology and anthropology, pursuing advances that illuminate the taxonomic, epistemic, and heuristic functions of language in human discourse toward the project of building an ever-more comprehensive theory of human behavior.
	personal.bgsu.edu /~edwards/tags.html (2356 words)

	Intro to Tagmemics
		Pike originally intended for tagmemics to serve as a method of understanding the morphological and phonological elements of primarily oral languages, such as those used by the Mexican Mixtec Indians where he spent years as a translator.
		Tagmemic rhetoric is a "social" composing process theory, as opposed to a cognitive or expressive one.
		Perhaps the most exciting part about tagmemic rhetoric was that it could be applied to literally any subject: freshman composition, theology, literary theory, and even technical communication, all by finding the specific particles within each discipline, moving towards the waves and fields, and methodically progressing from etic to emic.
	personal.bgsu.edu /~pcesari/tag.html (937 words)

	Tolonaro
		I studied Tagmemics which originated in SIL and had proved to be very useful for descriptive Grammars of languages.
		Tagmemics, being built on a strictly grammar approach, not only described grammatical realties well, but also served to help understand how grammatical realities (like noun and verbal agreement) worked.
		But Tagmemics was associated with a Christian Group, not only that, but it was supported and used non-academics who were getting their hands dirty.
	jroller.com /page/tolonaro?entry=linguistcs_in_semantics (299 words)

	tagmeme
		'tagmeme' refers to a unit of meaning and tagmemics is a method for parsing and analyzing meaningful sequences (linguistic sequences but others as well).
		tagmemics is a theory of communicative patterns and units.
		there is the tagmemics of the content (for example the elements of "Blog Chic" as posted on memes) and the tagmemics of markup languages (whose units are nicely called 'tags').
	tagmeme.com /index.html (670 words)

	The Reports of Its Death Are Greatly Exaggerated: Tagmemics and the Politics of Indifference. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Reports of Its Death Are Greatly Exaggerated: Tagmemics and the Politics of Indifference.
		Five years later, their collaboration with Pike resulted in a textbook, "Rhetoric: Discovery and Change," whose broad purpose was to restore invention to its proper place at the heart of practical rhetoric and to reconceive of writing as a problem-solving, discovery process.
		Despite these accomplishments, the current state of tagmemics in composition studies is a sad one; most consider it a theory of the past.
	www.eric.ed.gov /sitemap/html_0900000b80140289.html (281 words)

	Tagmemics: Interesting Thing of the Day
		A tagmeme is basically a composite of form and meaning, a “unit-in-context.” Where many other linguists only wanted to study the objective form of language (that is, its “etic” aspect), Pike felt that the interesting thing was how language actually functions for users in real life—its “emic” aspect.
		So the tagmeme, as Pike’s fundamental unit of language, is described in terms of four features (or “cells”)—slot (where the unit can appear), class (what type of unit it is), role (how the unit functions), and cohesion (how the unit relates to other units).
		A Web site that attempts to describe tagmemics as applied to discourse is here, but it reads sort of like lecture notes—i.e., something you’d probably understand better if someone were explaining it in person.
	itotd.com /articles/428/tagmemics (1651 words)

	SIL Bibliography: Tagmemics
		Fries, Peter H. Tagmeme sequences in the English noun phrase.
		Brend, Ruth M. A tagmemic analysis of Mexican Spanish clauses.
		Sharma, J. From sound to discourse: a tagmemic approach to Indian languages.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_subject.asp?code=TAG (516 words)

	Babel--Tagmemics of Stratificationalism--R.W. Jackson
		However, Tagmemic analysis allows us to quickly produce a readable description of what, at first glance, appears to be utterly incomprehensible.
		As a final point, I might note that one of the proud claims of Stratificationalists is that their language is the best equipped of the Linguistic languages to convey information on any topic (see, for example, Pulju [1988]).
		However, the above proves that Tagmemic has sufficient flexibility to represent Stratificational texts, as one might expect of a Linguistic language which relates all texts to a unified theory of the structure of human behavior.
	specgram.com /Babel.I.2/05.jackson.tagmemics.html (864 words)

	SIL Bibliography: Tagmemic theory
		Pike, Kenneth L. "Phonological hierarchy in a four-cell tagmemic representation from discourse to phoneme class."
		Pike, Kenneth L. Linguistic concepts: An introduction to tagmemics.
		Franklin, Karl J. Review of: Grammatical form and grammatical meaning: a tagmemic view of Fillmore’s deep structure case concepts, by J. Platt.
	www.ethnologue.com /show_subject.asp?code=TTH (870 words)

	University of Illinois at Chicago - Department of English
		He is interested in exploring the possibility of multilingual writing of both prose and poetry both as a linguistic process and as a matter of cross-cultureal literary aesthetics.
		In terms of linguistic theory, Makkai is interested in developing an integrational approach of post-Chomskian linguistics with Tagmemics, Systemics, and Stratificational Grammar which he calls "Pragmo-Ecological Grammar" or PEG for short.
		PEG is also an effort to rekindle scholarly interest in philology along new lines, that is what linguistics has taught us during the twentieth century with what can be learned from rhetorics in the post-modern era.
	www.uic.edu /depts/engl/faculty/prof/amakkai/bio.htm (192 words)

	Using Problem-Solving to Think and Write: Tagmemics for High School Students. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		To approach writing as a thinking process, students apply three heuristics: one for identifying and stating problems, one for exploring problems, and one for evaluating hypotheses or solutions.
		After using checklists to help clarify their language in these questions, the students investigate the problems further, generating information and ideas through use of a tagmemic grid, by brainstorming, or by listing evidence from texts.
		While having difficulty applying the skills developed during tagmemic exercises to real writing situations, students appear to produce more inventive, thoughtful papers after completing these heuristics.
	www.eric.ed.gov /sitemap/html_0900000b800fd8a2.html (229 words)

	<Tag> memes: tagmemics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Tagmeme: The smallest unit of meaning in patterned communication.
		memes is the mother blog for the Tagmeme Weblog cluster.
		Ken Pike died in 2000; the Summer Institute of Linguistics has a web site dedicated to his life and work, including a brief overview of tagmemics.
	www.tagmeme.com /tagmemes/archives/000003.html (199 words)

	longacre and tagmemics...? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Maybe you can start by telling us what you consider to be the smallest elementary tagmeme for Hebrew.
		sholom, b-haverim, last tuesday i taught a class on tagmemics, and on longacre's discourse grammar.
		(1) despite a tip of the hat, it does not appear to me that longacre is doing tagmemics in any way: i.e., tagmemics as set forth in Pike (and Pike)'s basic statements....
	lists.ibiblio.org /pipermail/b-hebrew/2001-January/009397.html (292 words)

	Kenneth Lee Pike
		It is a unit most suitable in describing languages (such as the Central and South American languages to which it has more commonly been applied).
		Later, Pike applied Tagmemics to the matrix of field theory and English rhetoric.
		In addition to this work, Pike has done research in Phonology: the sound system of a language and is the author of Intonation of American English, Co-Editor of Tone Systems of Tibeto-Burman Languages of Nepal, As well as Co-Author of Grammatical Analysis.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/information/biography/pqrst/pike_kenneth_lee.html (401 words)

	theory and practice (tagmemics)
		Of > course, I'm pretty casual about some features of the grid and I don't do > ratios (or anything else that sounds like math).
		From > their perspective, it just adds a step to a paper they're producing for a > grade.
		> When we ask for critical thinking--such as tagmemics demand--we are asking > students to contradict their neurological survival structures.
	www.ttu.edu /wcenter/9701/msg00207.html (578 words)

	Materials for Writing Tutors: Addressing Specific Problems: Invention
		Tagmemics is another simple strategy for invention that unfortunately bears a fancy name.
		Tagmemics is a system that allows a writer to look at a single object from three different perspectives.
		The hope is that one of these perspectives (or even all three) can help determine a subject for writing.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~writing/materials/tutor/problems/invention.shtml (2264 words)

	Peter H. Fries' Publications
		Problems in the Tagmemic description of the English noun phrase.
		On surface and underlying structure in Tagmemic theory with special reference to phrase, clause and sentence.
		In Ruth Brend and Kenneth L. Pike (Eds.), Tagmemics: Theoretical Discussion, vol.
	www.chsbs.cmich.edu /Peter_Fries/friespub.htm (1119 words)

	Re: tagmemics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		It's so nice to see a former student of mine responding with the somewhat obscure definition of a heuristic method.
		(Gloat, gloat) On Tagmemics, if you want some additional explanations (aside from Young, Becker, and Pike) read Ross Winterowd's _Composition in the Rhetorical Tradition_ or Erika LIndemann's _A Rhetoric for Writing Teachers_.
		This is Ross' brief explanation: "The underlying premises of the heuristic are these: (1) To understand anything, you must know (a) how it differs from everything else in its class (contrast), (b) how much it can change and still be itself (variation), and (c) its place as a member of its class (distribution).
	www.ttu.edu /wcenter/9701/msg00175.html (185 words)

	Kenneth L. Pike - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pike himself carried out studies of indigenous languages in Australia, Bolivia, Ecuador, Ghana, Java, Mexico, Nepal, New Guinea, Nigeria, the Philippines, and Peru.
		Pike developed his theory of tagmemics to help with the analysis of languages from Central and South America, by identifying (using both semantic and syntactic elements) strings of linguistic elements capable of playing a number of different roles.
		Pike also developed the constructed language Kalaba-X for use in teaching the theory and practice of translation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kenneth_L._Pike (513 words)

	Discover \| Tagmemics: Paradigm Online Writing Assistant (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Tagmemic system uses six master topics to break any subject down into component parts which can then be examined individually or in combination to yield fresh approaches and new insights.
		Another useful aid to discovering new perspectives is the Tagmemic method, developed by Richard Young, Alton Becker, and Kenneth Pike.
		1.12 Pick a subject from the following list, or choose a subject of your own, and use the six Tagmemic topics to generate a list of questions.
	www.powa.org /discover/tagmemics.html (372 words)

	Calvin College - Faith - Resource Library - Faculty - Faith and Learning - Susan Felch
		Christian thinkers, such as Merold Westphal, who see in deconstruction a useful critique of imperialistic language, accept this basic claim.
		From the perspective of dialogics and tagmemics, abstract or structural formulations are always reductive of the actual experience of language.
		Such formulations may be useful as heuristic devices, or for limited analysis, but ultimately they fall short of explaining the nature of language.
	www.calvin.edu /faith/resources/faculty/faith_learning/susan_felch.htm (5056 words)

	Tagmemics by Kenneth L. Pike (Editor), Ruth Margaret Brend - Signed, used, new, out-of-print
		Tagmemics by Kenneth L. Pike (Editor), Ruth Margaret Brend - Signed, used, new, out-of-print
		Tagmemics: Volume 2: Theoretical Discussion (Trends in Linguistics, Studies and Monographs: 2)
		Portions of book data provided by Muze Inc. Copyright 1995-2006 Muze Inc. For personal use only.
	www.alibris.com /search/books/qwork/6526587/used/Tagmemics (102 words)

	UNCW Student Affairs: University Learning Services - Writing
		For example, if you want to write a paper about folk music’s role from the late 60s to present, the first step of tagmemics would be to discuss folk music as a thing in itself.
		The goal of tagmemics is simple: to encourage questions that have focused answers, even solutions, all of which will help you write insightful, intriguing, and intellectual essays.
		Now that you have your lists and freewrites, perhaps even a rough draft, you still might be experiencing some writer’s block.
	www.uncwil.edu /Stuaff/uls/writing_studentinfo_topic.htm (1523 words)

	Robert J
		Presentation, “On the relation between Pike’s Tagmemics and Skinner’s Verbal Behavior,” (with J. Michael), Language and Linguistics Forum,
		Paper, "A Tagmemic Analysis of Narrated Conversations in a Swahili Folktale,"
		Paper, "On the Relation Between Pike's Tagmemics and Skinner's Verbal Behavior," presented as visiting scholar at the Summer Institute of Linguistics,
	homepages.wmich.edu /~dlouhy/bobres2004.htm (619 words)

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