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Topic: Tai Le alphabet

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	file_nav_name Encyclopedia Index
		The Extended SAM Phonetic Alphabet (X-SAMPA) is a variant of SAMPA developed in 1995 by John C. Wells, professor of p...
		The Vietnamese alphabet, called chá»¯ quá»‘c ngá»¯ (script of the national language), usually shortened to quá»‘c n...
		An alphabet is a complete standardized set of letters â” basic written symbols â” each of which roughly represents a...
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/tone.html (8267 words)

	Chinese - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Chinese subfamily of the Sino-Tibetan family of languages (see Sino-Tibetan languages), which is also sometimes grouped with the Tai, or Thai, languages in a Sinitic subfamily of the Sino-Tibetan language stock.
		This was intended as a transitional phase until a workable alphabet could be devised and adopted.
		Since alphabetic writing requires a standardized spoken language, the local differences in the pronunciation of Chinese present a serious obstacle to the development of a satisfactory alphabet.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-chinese.html (1014 words)

	Tai Dam alphabet, pronunciation and language
		The origins of the Tai Dam alphabet are unknown, though the shapes of the letters suggest that they might have been modelled on the Lao and/or Thai alphabets.
		Tai Dam, or Black Tai/Tai Noir, a Tai-Kadai language closely related to Lao and Thai which is spoken by around half a million people in north-western Vietnam and northern Laos.
		There are also Tai Dam speakers in Yunnan province of China, and in parts of northeastern and central Thailand, where they are known as Lao Song or Lao Song Dam.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/taidam.htm (238 words)

	Tai Le Unicode Fonts
		The Tai Le script (also known as the Liek or Dehong alphabet) is used to write Dehong Dai in China, Myanmar, and Laos.
		The Unicode implementation of Tai Le is described in chapter 10 (Southeast Asian Scripts) of The Unicode Standard, Version 4.0.
		Names, images, properties and additional background/non-technical information about the Tai Le Unicode block and its characters can be found on decodeunicode's Tai Le block page (in English and German/Deutsch).
	www.wazu.jp /gallery/Fonts_TaiLe.html (286 words)

	Ethnologue: China
		2 alphabetic scripts are used: 'Totham' in the Xishuangbanna area, and 'Tolek' in the region from Dehong to Lincang.
		At times the name 'Buyi' is applied to all, or nearly all Northern Tai groups, including Northern Zhuang in Guangxi; the official division between the Zhuang and Buyi is determined by provincial borders.
		A Roman alphabet was developed in the 1950's and revised in 1984.
	www.christusrex.org /www1/pater/ethno/Chin.html (11262 words)

	Tai Lü language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In Vietnam, Tai Lü speakers are officially recognised as the Lự ethnic minority, although in China they are classified as part of the Dai people, along with speakers of the other Tai languages (except Zhuang).
		"New Tai Lü" is a modernisation of the Lanna alphabet, similar to the Thai alphabet, and consists of 42 initial consonant signs (21 high-tone class, 21 low-tone class), seven final consonant signs, 16 vowel signs, two tone letters and one vowel shortening letter (or syllable-final glottal stop).
		Similar to the Thai alphabet, the pronunciation of the tone of a syllable depends on the class the initial consonant belongs to, syllable structure and vowel length, and the tone mark.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tai_L%C3%BC_language (401 words)

	27 Jun History: This Date
		Le 25 Feb, le général Sejna, ami intime du fils du président Novotny, s’enfuit aux États-Unis avec de l’argent volé et des documents.
		Le 17 juillet, Les dirigeants du Pacte de Varsovie écrivent une lettre d’admonestation, rappelant les Tchécoslovaques au monolithisme et leur enjoignant de se défaire des "antisocialistes" du parti.
		Le président Gomulka, communiste de longue date, lâchera du lest pendant quelques mois, il obtiendra même un remboursement symbolique de 2 milliards de roubles de la part de l’Union Soviétique pour “l’exploitation de l’Economie Polonaise”, mais sitôt la tension sociale retombée, il reviendra au communisme autoritaire pur et dur.
	www.safran-arts.com /42day/history/h4jun/h4jun27.html (12895 words)

	The Tai Lue and Tai Le of China - Asia Finest Discussion Forum
		The Tai Lue Script: The New Tai Lue or Tai Lü script was developed in China during the 1950s.
		The Tai Le Script:The Dehong Dai or Tai Le script developed from a script known as Old Dai, which developed from a script called Baiyi (Pali?).
		The origins of the Tai Dam alphabet are unknown (Pali?).
	www.asiafinest.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=15287 (471 words)

	[UEB Linguistics] Many-to-one Unicode mappings
		What the Unicode Consortium did to make things a little easier for everybody was to start an alphabet or what the standard calls a block of characters with an even number.
		Thus, braille is encoded in the standard and begins at utf 2800 through 28ff., The Cyrillic alphabet from Hex 0400-04FF.
		My choice of braille as an example is an unfortunate one, because practically no one would ever write in it, as braille is mapped onto the basic ascii character set.
	www.nbp.org /pipermail/ueblinguistics/2005-June/000087.html (1293 words)

	Baudouin de Courtenay's Contribution to Lithuanian Linguistics - William R. Schmalstieg
		Baudouin de Courtenay studied from 1862-1866 at the Polish University in Warsaw (Szkoła Główna), in which, as he wrote later in his biography he was most interested in the physiology of sounds, Sanskrit, Lithuanian and the Slavic languages, particularly diligently collecting material for the history of the Polish language.
		According to Baudouin de Courtenay the ban on the Latin alphabet for Lithuanian books and publications was one of the disturbing and very important factors in the awakening of Lithuanian patriotism and even chauvinism.
		On the other hand although the Lithuanians took over wholesale the Polish form of the Latin alphabet with certain additions and modifications, that doesn't mean that their language became Polish.
	www.lituanus.org /1995_1/95_1_01.htm (5225 words)

	Samoan Sensation - Pratts Grammar - Notes, I, II
		Polysyllabic words are nearly all derived or compound words; as nofogati, difficult of access, from nofo, to sit or dwell, and gata, difficult; ta'igaafi, the hearth, from ta'i, to attend to the fire, and afi, fire.
		When used to form a pronoun or participle, lë and së are contractions le e and se e and are accented words; O lë ana le mea, the owner, literally: the [person whose [is] the thing.] The ewhich in this case coalesces with the article is the verbal particle.
		The Article [le, se] is omitted before plural nouns, i.e., the omission of the Article makes a common noun plural, thus, 'O le tagata, the man; 'o tagata, men.
	www.samoa.co.uk /grammar-stage1.html (2697 words)

	Theta Xi - Nu Chapter
		The bottles were emptied alphabetically and, as one received a majority of fl beans, he took up his hat and left.
		The first person who received a majority of fl beans remarked, "I guess I am not wanted here." Four of our eight founders had opened their bottles before the five who received a majority of fl beans left them in possession of the room.
		The oath of initiation was taken by all the Founders as a group, then they signed the Constitution alphabetically and by classes.
	www.phucle.com /Theta_Xi/information.htm (4776 words)

	Cao Dai
		Le Van Trung was convinced, believed the existence of the Supreme Being, and became a sincere CaoDai disciple.
		Le Van Trung became CaoDai disciple, the Cho Gao oracle was closed.
		Le Van Trung, CaoDai came and granted appointments to many disciples: “Listen, Cu: have Tac clean and deodorize himself and dress neatly with a hat (celestial laughter).
	www.caodai.org /forum/viewmessage.aspx?ForumDetailID=19 (6319 words)

	Cao Dai (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		This banquet became historic, and later every year, the Holy See at Tayninh celebrates the banquet on the 15th of the 8th month which is called the banquet of the Dieu Tri Palace, and during which the poems given by each spirit were sung.
		Later, thanks to the friendship, the 6th lady revealed that Vuong Thi Le is the 7th female Immortal of the Dieu Tri Palace, and herself is the spirit of St. Joan of Arc.
		Le Fol were in a trance during the séance and received a poem in French predicting the family sad news from France in one month.
	www.caodai.org /forum/viewmessage.aspx?ForumDetailID=70 (3387 words)

	Tai Chi Chuan and Taijiquan are just different ways of writing the same chinese words with the latin alphabet. Tai Chi ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Tai Chi Chuan and Taijiquan are just different ways of writing the same chinese words with the latin alphabet.
		Tai Chi Chuan (Taijiquan) is a martial … (comment to: Tai Chi Chuan) (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.isi.jhu.edu)
		Tai Chi Chuan (Taijiquan) is a martial art, but not everyone practice it as such.
	www.martial-arts-info.com.cob-web.org:8888 /comment/135/488 (151 words)

	Patriot Vocals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		From Dumas to Speicher and all in between, with the exception of a small band of family members and volunteers the Alphabet Soup gang disparagingly refers to as "activists," those guys are on their own.
		And in a remarkable mea culpa, the Vietnamese government admitted that same month that its social, religious and economic policies were largely to blame for the unrest in the Central Highlands.
		Tai Le expressed disappointment that Kerry had not spoken out against the harsh Vietnamese treatment of the Montagnards.
	www.patriotvocals.info /MarioJournalPOWMIAStatuspatriot_vocals.htm (10187 words)

	Asian-Nation : Asian American History, Demographics, & Issues :: Viet Nam -- Early History & Legends
		Under the leadership of Le Loi, a resistance movement was formed and successfully used guerrilla warfare tactics to again drive out the Chinese invaders.
		This strategy involved using brief but frequent surprise attacks targeting the enemy's weakest points and avoiding direct combat against superior enemy forces -- a tactic that would be used successfully throughout Viet Nam's early and modern history.
		It was finally declared the official language of Viet Nam by the French in 1910 and has been universally learned, used, and written by all Vietnamese since then.
	www.asian-nation.org /vietnam-history.shtml (1484 words)

	THE WRITERS POST - Volume 8 - Number 1 Jan 2006
		Le Quynh Mai is a Canadian writer, interviewer, in charge of Literature and Art Program, The Voice of Vietnam radio station, Montreal, Canada.
		BLANK VERSE, the anthology, which is intended for at least a hundred and eighty poems by sixty poets, and of which at least sixty of the poems are English translations, will be published bilingually by Tan Hinh Thuc Publishing Club, barring unexpected delays, at the end of this forthcoming May 2006.
		He immigrated with his family to the US in 1975, and studied at the University of Washington, where he graduated in BS Political Science.
	www.thewriterspost.net /TWP_V8I1.htm (4138 words)

	Chinese Alphabet
		There is no Chinese alphabet in the sense we understand it in the West.
		While in the west each of the letters of our alphabet represents a sound that generally has no particular meaning.
		In modern Chinese there is a set of more than 400 syllables, made of two elements: an initial, the sheng and a final the yun.
	www.linguanaut.com /chinese_alphabet (912 words)

	pIqaD
		Okrand has similarly hinted that the pIqaD is probably not an alphabet but a more complex script.
		There is a widely known alphabetic mapping of pIqaD to the phonemes of Klingon.
		The frequent added argument that we should not waste resources on Klingon while worthy minority scripts like Tai Le go unencoded is bogus --- as Michael Everson, who has been doing both, has forcefully rebutted; but this is as much about impressions as anything else, particularly outside the US.
	www.tlg.uci.edu /~opoudjis/Klingon/piqad.html (854 words)

	Unicode Character Database
		Characters whose principal function is to extend the value or shape of a preceding alphabetic character.
		If a character is part of an alphabet with case distinctions, and has a simple upper case equivalent, then the upper case equivalent is in this field.
		The derived property Alphabetic is now a superset of the derived properties Lowercase and Uppercase, for compatibility with POSIX-style character classes.
	www.unicode.org /Public/UNIDATA/UCD.html (7345 words)

	Getting involved in OLPC - OLPCWiki (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.isi.jhu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		We need as much information as possible on easily making this system work with different input methods and their associated keyboard layouts and Input Method Editors (IMES) for different languages and writing systems, whether alphabetic, syllabic, or logographic.
		If you input a language other than English in a writing system other than Latin alphabet, please check the relevant wiki articles, including countries, keyboard layouts, writing systems, and fonts, and add information on what software and Unicode fonts are necessary or best for inputting and displaying text.
		Linux systems now routinely come with support for more than 25 of them, lacking mainly Mongolian alphabet, Khmer, Myanmar, Thaana, Lao, and Sinhala, all of which are in development or are available in some but not all distributions.
	wiki.laptop.org.cob-web.org:8888 /index.php/Getting_involved_in_OLPC (1042 words)

	GEONAMES - Alphabets T to Z (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Tai Le alphabet - ᥘᥣᥭᥰᥘᥤᥐᥖᥭᥰᥘᥦᥳ (lāj² lik tai² le⁴)
		Uighur Arabic alphabet - ئۇيغۇر ئېلىپبەسى (uyġur elipbäsi)
		Uzbek Arabic alphabet - ئۇزبېك الفباسى (özbek alifbōsi)
	www.geonames.de /alphtz.html (138 words)

	Marjorie Chan's Online Bibliography for Chinese 580 - An Undergrad Chinese Linguistics Course.
		Tai, James H-Y. "Vocabulary changes in the Chinese language: some observations on extent and nature." Journal of Chinese Linguistics 3.2/3:233-244.
		Logan, Robert K. The Alphabet Effect: The Impact of the Phonetic Alphabet on the Development of Western Civilization.
		It is my belief that the first scientific literature, whether Oriental or Occidental, was destined to be written in an alphabetic script because the alphabet creates the environmental conditions under which abstract theoretical science flourishes." (p.54).)
	people.cohums.ohio-state.edu /chan9/c580-bib.htm (2541 words)

	Tai Nüa language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		[tai taɯ xoŋ]; Chinese: Dǎinǎyǔ 傣哪语 or Déhóng Dǎiyǔ 德宏傣语; Thai: ภาษาไทยเหนือ [pʰaːsaː tʰai nɯːa] or ภาษาไทใต้คง [pʰaːsaː tʰai taikʰoŋ]) is one of the languages spoken by the Dai people in China, especially in the Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture in the southwest of Yunnan province.
		There are also Tai Nüa speakers in Thailand.
		Roong-a-roon Teekhachunhatean รุ่งอรุณ ทีฆชุณหเถียร: Reflections on Tai Dehong Society from Language Point of View.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tai_Le_alphabet (739 words)

	By Foot To China: Mission of The Church of the East, to 1400
		Remarkably the temple thus bears the names of its original identity, Tai Shin, the place of origin of the religion and the missionaries who brought it, and of Jesus Christ, the One once worshipped at that ancient church.
		The Korean alphabet, a very simple one to learn, is held to have been a gift of Christian missionaries over a millennium ago, to have been revived by a Korean king some 500 years ago and then discarded, only to have been revived again by Protestant missionaries for the gospel's propagation during the past century.
		This Mongol script from the Uigur alphabet (gift of the early Christians) became the usual medium of writing throughout the vast area of the Mongol empire and, as Stewart says, "the parent of alphabets made use of by other more backward tribes such as...
	www.aina.org /books/bftc/bftc.htm (17754 words)

	Unicode and multilingual support in HTML, fonts, Web browsers and other applications
		Problems like these arise with non-Latin alphabets and Symbol fonts because until recently most computers used fonts that contain a maximum of 256 characters.
		Older English versions of Microsoft Windows, and several other language editions, used this set of 256 characters, which is known as the ANSI character set.
		The solution is to leave behind the assortment of 8-bit fonts with their limit of 256 characters, where the same character number can represent a different character in different alphabets, and move to a system that assigns a unique number to each character in each of the major languages of the world.
	www.alanwood.net /unicode/index.html (929 words)

	Brahmic family (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.isi.jhu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Many languages using Brahmic scripts are sometimes written in Latin script, primarily for the benefit of non-native speakers or for use in computer software without support for said scripts, but these practices have made little headway in India itself.
		Urdu, Kashmiri, and Sindhi, all primarily use the non-Brahmic Arabic alphabet, though they are also written in Devanagari by some in India.
		Origin of Br&257;hm&299; Script: The Beginning of Alphabet in India.
	brahmic-family.iqnaut.net.cob-web.org:8888 (548 words)

	Evertype: ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2 and Unicode
		N2634: Proposal to encode the Tai Lue script in the BMP of the UCS.
		N2419: Uralic Phonetic Alphabet characters for the UCS by Klaas Ruppel, Michael Everson, Trond Trosterud, as Member body contributions from Finland, Ireland, Norway.
		N2372: Revised proposal for encoding the Tai Le script in the BMP of the UCS.
	www.evertype.com /formal.html (3299 words)

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