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Topic: Takfir

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	Takfir - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In Islamic law, the term takfir or takfeer (تكفير) refers to the practice of declaring that an individual or a group previously considered Muslims are in fact kafir(s) (non-believers in God).
		The act which precipitates takfir is termed the mukaffir.
		This is taken as emphasizing that the state of being kafir is rejection of Islam itself, and that a return to Islam is sufficient to end the status.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Takfir (668 words)

	Takfir wal Hijra? - Ummah.com
		Takfir arose in Egypt in the late 1960s as an offshoot of the outlawed Muslim Brotherhood, said Abul Ela Madi, an Islamic activist in Egypt and co-founder of the Wasat political party.
		Takfir is part of a broader, pan-Islamic movement called Salafism, which advocates a return to the pure form of Islam practiced by Muhammad.
		The Takfir movement is strongest in Morocco and Algeria, the primary sources of Muslim immigration to Western Europe.
	www.ummah.net /forum/showthread.php?t=34262 (2469 words)

	[No title]
		TAKFIR was extreme in its interpretation of hijra, claiming that all true Muslims in all generations must emulate Muhammad's model - physical separation from jahili society and departure to a safe place to establish a new society and prepare for the stage of return and victory.
		Takfir was a millenarian movement in a stage of passive growth which could stretch indefinitely,and as such was not politically dangerous in spite of its bizarre life style.
		TAKFIR stressed an international Jewish conspiracy and the need to fight it, whilst Zuhdi's group in AL-JIHAD viewed Christians as the first enemy to be dealt with and was heavily involved in anti-Coptic activities.
	www.angelfire.com /az/rescon/2rdmv.html (4271 words)

	Takfir: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A fatwa (arabic:) plural fataawa, is a legal pronouncement in islam, issued by a religious law specialist on a specific issue....
		The armed islamic group (gia, from french groupe islamique armé) is a militant islamist group with the declared aim of overthrowing the algerian government...
		Salman rushdie (born june 19, 1947, in bombay, india) is an essayist and author of fiction, most of which is set on the indian subcontinent....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/t/ta/takfir.htm (1708 words)

	SardonicViews (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Takfir is the legal ascription of unbelief (excommunication) to an individual or group, while hijra signifies Muhammad's original flight or migration from Mecca to Medina, serving as a model for contemporary disentanglement from the corrupt society and regime in Egypt.
		Takfir was led by Shukri Mustafa, a member of the Muslim Brotherhood in Asyut who was imprisoned in 1965 and joined the radical disciples of Qutb while in prison.
		The Takfirs seemed to have gone from the "separate and prepare for the revolution in the future" plan to "kill them all by any and all means" ideal.
	sardonicviews.blogspot.com /2004_03_28_sardonicviews_archive.html (2339 words)

	PWHCE Middle East Project: Shukri Mustafa and Takfir wal-Hijra
		Takfir is a verb which means to declare kufr (infidel), that is, to excommunicate.
		Takfir wa'l-Hijra's I'tizal or separation from Egyptian Society, which was expressed by the doctrine of hijra, remains important to radical Islamists today.
		Amongst those who agreed with Qutb's excommunication (takfir) of Egyptian society, the doctrine of migration (hijra) and separation from society during the stage of weakness had received a blow.
	www.pwhce.org /shukri.html (1432 words)

	Boston.com / News / World / Middle East / Ultra-radical Muslims draw scrutiny
		But Takfir's core followers -- an unknown number that could be in the thousands, experts say -- are too renegade and insular to offer practical support to networks such as al-Qaida.
		Takfir denunciations, in fact, often cover anyone who is not a committed follower, including al-Qaida leader Osama bin Laden -- although his chief lieutenant, the Egyptian-born Ayman al-Zawahri, is reportedly a Takfir follower and has lectured on its tenets.
		But Takfir could be increasingly squeezed by authorities struggling to control radical Islam and wage "a pre-emptive war," said Wright.
	www.boston.com /news/world/middleeast/articles/2004/11/20/ultra_radical_muslims_draw_scrutiny?pg=2 (700 words)

	frontline: al qaeda's new front: interviews: mamoun fandy \| PBS
		And this is where the germs of the very idea of Takfir started; that is, to first state that the society that we live in is a society of ignorance and of hedonism and of lack of godliness in it, and therefore it has to be abandoned.
		So Takfir is to claim that the society has strayed away from the teachings of Islam, and therefore you pronounce as a kafir society or as an infidel society.
		Takfir is very central to the issue of citizenship and how citizenship is being viewed amongst these extreme movements that live in the West, that they see themselves as sojourners, not as citizens.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/front/interviews/fandy.html (4828 words)

	Ultra-Radical Muslims Draw Scrutiny
		Takfir denunciations, in fact, often cover anyone who is not a committed follower, including al-Qaida leader Osama bin Laden — although his chief lieutenant, the Egyptian-born Ayman al-Zawahri, is reportedly a Takfir follower and has lectured on its tenets.
		Takfir is generally translated as "departure from Islamic practices", usually in the sense of ceasing to be a Muslim
		Takfir is not a group, it is an accusation.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1284827/posts (1752 words)

	Extremist brand of Islam may be widening its reach \| www.azstarnet.com ®
		Takfir, literally "excommunication," refers to scorning societies perceived as corrupt and deserving retribution.
		Takfir is often described as part of the founding forces for today's major terrorist networks.
		Takfir denunciations, in fact, often cover anyone who is not a committed follower, including al-Qaida leader Osama bin Laden - although his chief lieutenant, the Egyptian-born Ayman al-Zawahri, is reportedly a Takfir follower and has lectured on its tenets.
	www.azstarnet.com /dailystar/printSN/49136.php (836 words)

	:: Indonesia Watch ::
		Al Takfir Wal Hijra means "anathema and exile" or possibly "excommunication and emigration." A theologically extreme extension of the Saudi Arabia's Wahabbi doctrines, Takfir is dedicated to restoring the Caliphate, the Islamic political empire that once spanned the Near and Middle East.
		Takfir Wal Hijra members are permitted to disregard the injunctions of Islamic law in order to blend into infidel societies.
		In other words, Takfirs can have sex with loose women, drink alcohol, eat pork and do whatever else they feel is appropriate to advance their mission.
	indonesiawatch.org /eng_news.php?news_id=295 (1009 words)

	RADICAL ISLAM IN EGYPT: A COMPARISON OF TWO GROUPS
		The Society of Muslims (Takfir) had a passive separatist and messianic ideology, delaying active confrontation with the state to an indefinite point in the future when it could reach a certain degree of strength.
		Takfir claimed that both the regime and all of society were pagan and true Muslims must separate from them.
		Takfir, however, interpreted hijra as meaning that all true Muslims in every generation must re-enact and emulate Muhammad's model of flight as a physical separation from infidel society.
	www.biu.ac.il /SOC/besa/meria/journal/1999/issue3/jv3n3a1.html (4501 words)

	New Criminologist (Print version): What Muslim Jihad Group Tried to Assassinate Osama Bin Laden? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Takfir leader, Shukri Mustafa (1942-1978), was a disciple of Sayyid Qutb, and was seen as the promised mahdi who would found the new Muslim community, conquer the world, and usher in God’s final reign on earth.
		The Takfir use concepts such as Jihad (holy war), Takfir (refutation), jahiliyya (state of ignorance), Istishhad (Martyrdom, including by suicide), and Shahid (Martyr) to justify armed resistance and violent takeovers of government from corrupt regimes as well as indiscriminate acts of terrorism against all perceived enemies.
		The Takfir encourage political violence as a means of forcing states to return "to the laws of God and the society of the Prophet of original Islam".
	www.newcriminologist.co.uk /print.asp?id=1117453364 (1394 words)

	Center on Islam , Democracy and the Future of the Muslim World
		Takfir, which is translated loosely to mean “excommunication,” is a pronouncement that designates an individual or a group as apostates from Islam or disbelievers.
		On the basis of this argument, Ibn Taymiyya pronounced takfir on the Mongols, declaring them to be kufr, or disbelievers in Islam, and argued that it was obligatory for Muslims to wage jihad against them to repel the Mongol invasion.
		The pronouncement of takfir is only appropriate if an individual or community declares their apostasy outright, or if they undertake actions that hurt the Muslim Nation.
	www.futureofmuslimworld.com /research/pubID.41/pub_detail.asp (4210 words)

	Austin Bay Blog » Updating the Podcast: Notes on Takfir wal-Hijra
		Takfir translates as “exodus” or :”excommunication.” A “hijra” is a flight to a place.
		Takfir wal-Hirja was founded in 1971 by Shukri Mustafa, a follower of Muslim Brotherhood radical leader and Salafist “theoretician” Sayyad Qutb.
		Takfir and similar groups reinforce isolation, with the intent of gaining and maintaining political control.
	austinbay.net /blog/?p=950 (697 words)

	Funny word "evangelistic jihad" - Sean Hannity Discussion
		The Arabic name translates roughly as "anathema and exile" or "excommunication and emigration." A theologically extreme extension of fundamentalist Islamic doctrines, Takfir is dedicated to restoring the Caliphate, the Islamic political empire that once spanned the Near and Middle East.
		Takfir differs from establishment fundamentalists (such as Saudi Arabian Wahabbism) in two major respects.
		Targets can include governments that actively oppose Takfir efforts, those perceived to be collaborators, competing sects whose beliefs are considered heretical, and innocent bystanders (Muslim or not) whose deaths advance the cult's political purpose.
	www.hannity.com /forum/showthread.php?t=21745 (838 words)

	frontline: al qaeda's new front: special reports: the salafist movement \| PBS
		Another group that emerged from the Muslim Brotherhood was Takfir wal-Hijra, which inspired some of the tactics and methods used by Al Qaeda and whose ideology is being embraced by a growing number of Salafist jihadists living in Europe.
		Takfir wal-Hijra was founded in 1971 by Shukri Mustafa, a member of the Muslim Brotherhood who had been in prison with Sayyid Qutb and had become one of his radical disciples.
		The flourishing number of Takfir adherents within Europe's Muslim populace is one of the most alarming developments for police on that continent.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/front/special/sala.html (1789 words)

	Maudoodi’s article on takfir (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		He writes: “Takfir is violation of the rights of an individual, … a crime against society, … an act of injustice against entire Islamic society, … does immense harm to the Muslim community…”
		Takfir and calling others wrong-doers is not merely the violation of the rights of an individual, rather it is also a crime against society.
		But alas, because of sectarian fighting and the pastime of takfir, this one way too is being lost, and this is the main cause of the widespread ignorance and error among Muslims regarding religion.
	www.muslim.org /movement/maudoodi/art-takfir.htm (3368 words)

	Probe Reveals Islam's Extreme Edge - CBS News
		But Takfir's core followers — an unknown number that could be in the thousands, experts say — are too renegade and insular to offer practical support to networks such as al Qaeda.
		Takfir denunciations, in fact, often cover anyone who is not a committed follower, including al Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden — although his chief lieutenant, the Egyptian-born Ayman al-Zawahri, is reportedly a Takfir follower and has lectured on its tenets.
		There is no direct evidence showing how deeply Takfir ideology has infiltrated al Qaeda and other major Islamic radical factions, said Peter Wright, a lawyer and researcher at the University of North Carolina who has studied the movement's influence on terrorism.
	www.cbsnews.com /stories/2004/11/02/world/main652786.shtml (1395 words)

	Osama bin Laden is only an instrument in arms of Al-Queda’s real leaders, whose names are unknown, i (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Takfir was founded by Shukri Mustafa, a member of the Muslim Brotherhood, who was imprisoned in the mid-1960s and joined the radical disciples of Qutb while in prison.
		According to the Takfir's twisted logic, the failure of existing Muslim regimes to impose full sharia - Islamic law - means they and their citizens are rebelling against God's sovereignty.
		Takfir has attempted to justify its violence by claiming it is necessary to demolish Islam before reconstructing it in a purer form.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/587797/posts (2517 words)

	Tthornton : Takfir wa al-Hijra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In Egypt in 1977, members of the Islamist separatist group Takfir wa'l-Hijra ("Condemnation and Migration"), also known as the "Society of Muslims," attacked night clubs in Cairo during a more general series of food riots that had broken out.
		Takfir wa'l-Hijra named itself and modeled its behavior after the Prophet Muhammad who, in 622, renounced the corrupt society of Mecca and made his hijra (migration) away from that city to live in Medina.
		Shukry, a trained agronomist, along with his small band of followers set up their society-in-exile in the desert outside Asyut where they grew crops and created a self-sufficient community.
	www.nmhschool.org /tthornton/takfir_wa.htm (168 words)

	Letters to and from the Secretariat of the Universal House of Justice on Takfir
		Muslim jurisprudents or mujtahids occasionally gave rulings or fatwas that such and such a person had departed from Islam into unbelief, though the lack of centralization in most Muslim law and most times meant that this was sometimes an isolated opinion with little force.
		I believe that `Abdu'l-Baha was saying, in the letter to Mirza Abu'l-Fadl, that no person asserting belief in Baha'u'llah and averring that he or she is a Baha'i may be similarly treated in Baha'i law.
		We do not have the custom of takfir [saying someone has by virtue of a personal belief departed from the Baha'i faith into unbelief] or tafsiq [declaring someone no longer a Baha'i for reasons of moral turpitude].
	www.bahaistudies.net /takfir.html (3285 words)

	Al Qaeda History
		Takfir is to attribute this adjective to someone, i.e.
		Takfiri are those who carry out the excommunication of the Takfir, often using violent methods under the guise of Jihad (Holy War).
		The first such group, Takfir wal-Hijra (TwH, Excommunication and Holy Flight/Emigration), was founded by Shukri Mustafa in 1971.
	www.americanenergyindependence.com /takfiri.html (1742 words)

	PWHCE Middle East Project: Definition: Kufr, Kaffir, Takfir, Takfiri
		In mainstream Sunni Islam, it is considered wrong to engage in takfir.
		Furthermore, to declare takfir is to pre-empt Allah's judgement.
		The radical medieval Islamic scholar Taqi al-Din Ibn Taymiyyah established a precedent for the declaration of takfir against a leader.
	www.pwhce.org /takfiri.html (1085 words)

	Winston-Salem Journal \| Anti-terrorism experts studying an ultra-radical Islamic ideology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The uncompromising Takfir doctrine has been around for years - denouncing even moderate Muslims as "infidels." But global communications and louder militant voices could be offering fresh energy.
		But Takfir's core followers - who could be in the thousands, experts say - are too renegade and insular to offer practical support to such networks as al-Qaida.
		Takfir denunciations, in fact, often cover anyone who is not a committed follower, including al-Qaida leader Osama bin Laden - although his chief lieutenant, the Egyptian-born Ayman al-Zawahri, is reported to be a Takfir follower and has lectured on its tenets.
	www.journalnow.com /servlet/Satellite?pagename=WSJ/MGArticle/WSJ_BasicArticle&c=MGArticle&cid=1031779265814&path=!nationworld&s=1037645509161 (595 words)

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