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Topic: Tamil United Liberation Front

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	Tamil Eelam - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The concept of Eelam or homeland was proposed by the Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF) in 1976.
		TULF was a coalition of Tamil parties who campaigned in the 1977 elections for an independent state for Tamils in Sri Lanka.
		In the 1977 elections the TULF was elected to parliament from the northern and eastern provinces.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tamil_Eelam (451 words)

	TULF-Tamil United Liberation Front
		Those Tamils who are representing the North and the East in Parliament are only proxies of the L.T.T.E. with no independent views and those outside have been silenced by the threat of guns.
		Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF) leader V. Anandasangaree said he wants to meet John Cushnahan, the Chief Observer of the European Union, election observation mission, to ask him to watch the LTTE during the forthcoming Presidential elections.
		The TULF leader warned that the LTTE would try to rig the elections with the connivance of the officers who may be forced to carry out their instructions.
	www.tulf.org (484 words)

	Tamil Eelam - TheBestLinks.com - Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, Tamil United Liberation Front, De facto, Sri Lanka, ...
		Tamil Eelam - TheBestLinks.com - Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, Tamil United Liberation Front, De facto, Sri Lanka,...
		Tamil Eelam is a de facto independent nation located in the Northern and Eastern portions of the island of Sri Lanka.
		Though control of the area is held exclusively by a coalition of Tamil militias, Tamil Eelam is not recognized as independent from Sinhalese-majority Sri Lanka by any de jure independent nation or by the United Nations.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Tamil_Eelam.html (249 words)

	A costly divide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Founded as the Tamil United Front (TUF) in 1972 when the Tamil Congress and the Federal Party came together, the party took the name TULF with the entry of the Ceylon Workers Congress (CWC) a few years later.
		A high-point in the political programme of TULF was the Vadukottai resolution of 1976, which spelt out the case for a separate Tamil state.
		Tamil civil society groups, mainly teachers and students from the Eastern and Jaffna universities, formed the Tamilar Marumalarchchi Kazhagam (Tamils' Renaissance Front).
	flonnet.com /fl2101/stories/20040116001005400.htm (1340 words)

	Tamil Canadian Services: Tamil Eelam
		Therefore in the absence of the legal continuity or the consent of the Tamil nation the constitution enacted is not valid and binding on the Tamil nation.
		Therefore, in a technical sense, the Tamils are only against the forced amalgamation of two states and their decisions to exercise sovereignty cannot be said to be an attempt to divide the country.
		The Tamils of Ceylon are therefore entitled to decide to remain as a separate state (having been conquered only by the Portuguese, Dutch, British and their sovereignty having reverted back to them at the end of colonial rule) or federate with the Sinhala state or states.
	www.tamilcanadian.com /pageview.php?ID=2491&SID=459 (1113 words)

	Online edition of Daily News - Politics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The Tamil United Liberation Front said Sunday the Tamil parties' alliance has been formed to muster support of the Tamil people and their political forces for the freedom-struggle of the Liberation Tigers in and out of parliament and not aimed at elections.
		Sampanthan, Secretary General of the Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF) and the chief candidate of the Tamil parties' alliance for the Trincomalee district addressing the alliance activists Sunday morning at his residence.
		Over two hundred Tamil youths and veteran party activists attended the meeting which was convened to work out an election strategy to be deployed at the forthcoming general election, aiming to capture two parliamentary seats in the Trincomalee district alliance sources said.
	origin.dailynews.lk /2001/11/01/pol06.html (358 words)

	CNN.com - Tamil party backs end to ban on Sri Lanka rebels - April 8, 2001
		Amid fresh efforts to end nearly two decades of ethnic war, a key official of the Tamil United Liberation Front -- the main Tamil party -- said it was reasonable for the Tamil Tigers to seek to negotiate as equals.
		The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) set tough conditions at the weekend for peace talks, including a demand that President Chandrika Kumaratunga legitimize the group, which was banned in January 1998.
		Tamil guerrillas have been fighting for an independent homeland in Sri Lanka's north and east since 1983, claiming discrimination at the hands of the majority Sinhalese.
	edition.cnn.com /2001/WORLD/asiapcf/southeast/04/08/srilanka.tamils (501 words)

	The Birth of the Tiger Movement - விடுதலை ...
		The revolutionary ardour of the Tamil youth, which manifested in the form of indiscriminate outbursts of political violence in the early seventies, sought concrete political expression in an organisational structure built on a revolutionary political theory and practice.
		It was at the peak of this national oppression, when secession became the inevitable political destiny of the Tamil nation, the Tamil United Front called for a national convention in May 1976 at Vaddukoddai where a historical resolution was unanimously adopted calling for complete political independence of the Tamil nation.
		Tamil Informers, 1998 "...any action that the LTTE may take against a Tamil (even though he be a traitor) sets one Tamil (family) against other Tamils, and will divide and erode the solidarity of the Tamil people, unless the justice of the action and the reasons for the action are publicly known and accepted..."
	www.tamilnation.org /ltte (5247 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Unlike the South Indians, Sri Lankan Tamils […] feel peripheral or marginal in relation both to the Sinhala and to the South Indians, a condition that compounds their sense of frustration and distress and intensifies their longing for a homeland.
		This condition is particularly acute, it is suggested, for the Sri Lankan Tamil expatriate.' Even more ironically, the Sinhalese community perceives itself as a vulnerable minority in the Indian subcontinent as a whole, particularly vis-à-vis the 50 million Tamils in the province of Tamil Nadu in India.
		Its effect was compounded by widespread protests in Tamil areas in which school principals would not allow the teaching of Sinhala while school children refused to study the language.
	www.idpproject.org /sites/idpSurvey.nsf/wViewCountries/A97CAD7E3280984EC12567D60030C524?OpenDocument (1184 words)

	Sri Lanka - Tamil United Liberation Front (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		In the general election of July 1977, TULF won eighteen seats in the legislature, including all fourteen seats contested in the Jaffna Peninsula.
		In October 1983, all the TULF legislators, numbering sixteen at the time, forfeited their seats in Parliament for refusing to swear an oath unconditionally renouncing support for a separate state in accordance with the Sixth Amendment to the Constitution.
		But in December 1985, the TULF leadership softened its position and proposed that an autonomous Tamil State could be established within the Sri Lankan constitutional framework in a manner similar to the federal states of India.
	countrystudies.us /sri-lanka/69.htm (329 words)

	Asia Times: SRI LANKA: THE UNTOLD STORY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The Tamil United Liberation Front regards the general election of 1977 as a means of proclaiming to the Sinhalese government this resolve of the Tamil nation.
		The Tamils in the North and Eastern Provinces participated in elections to determine the urgency and the necessity to mandate the Tamil United Liberation Front for the secession of the country and to find ways and means to create a separate state for Tamils.
		The Tamil youths who were already at the vanguard of the militant movement began to position themselves to decide the fate of the community as a whole, and during this period it was becoming increasingly clear that the moderate Tamil leadership was gradually being edged out of the main political stratum.
	www.atimes.com /ind-pak/DB02Df03.html (12271 words)

	Asia Times: SRI LANKA: THE UNTOLD STORY Chapter 31: Indira Gandhi - a casualty of
		The Tamil United Liberation Front gradually became a spent force in the eyes of the young Tamil militant organizations and Amirthalingham began to lose the luster he had enjoyed as the leader of the Tamils.
		Knowing very well that the Tamils of Sri Lanka had been given a resounding mandate in the 1977 parliamentary general elections for a separate state for Tamils, Indira Gandhi told the TULF leaders that she was against the separation of the country.
		Othiyamalai is a Tamil village in Nedunkerny in the Mullaithievu district.
	www.atimes.com /ind-pak/DC16Df02.html (12125 words)

	Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam Reference Page
		The exact date is hotly debated, as both sides use the question of whether the Tamils or the Sinhalese came first to the island to justify their claims of legitimacy.
		In 1970 a government plan to restrict Tamil access to universities resulted in the formation of the "Tamil Students Movement" which was soon forced underground where it turned to violent means.
		The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) were officially founded in 1976, and it quickly grew to become the preeminent resistance organization on the island.
	www.military.com /Resources/ResourceFileView/LTTE-History.htm (589 words)

	AAMIRTHALINGUM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Also, on the Tamil side, that was the beginning of united resistance to the Sinhala supremacy, and that was - in a way - that marked a turning point in the thinking of the Tamil people as far as a united Sri Lanka was concerned.
		But the stability in the island was achieved from about the thirteenth century when the Tamils established a separate kingdom of their own in the northern parts, and the Sinhalese had their own kingdoms in the south and in the centre.
		Tamil is made a national language, but certain prescribed purposes for which Tamil can be used are laid down, but...
	members.aol.com /wignesh/AAMIRTHALINGUM.htm (7911 words)

	Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), Terrorist Group of Sri Lanka
		The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), arguably the most lethal and well organised terrorist group in the world, began its armed campaign in Sri Lanka for a separate Tamil homeland in 1983.
		United States re-designated the LTTE as a Foreign Terrorist Organisation (FTO) pursuant to Section 219 of the US Immigration and Nationality Act.
		The ‘Tamil Eelam Police’, with its headquarters at Kilinochchi was formed in year 1993, and reportedly has several wings, including traffic, crime prevention, crime detection, information bureau, administration and a special force.
	www.satp.org /satporgtp/countries/shrilanka/terroristoutfits/Ltte.htm (2230 words)

	EelamWeb© - History of Tamil Eelam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		that Tamil shall be the language of the State, but the rights of Sinhalese speaking minorities in Tamil Eelam to education and transaction of business in their language shall be protected on a reciprocal basis with the Tamil speaking minorities in the Sinhala State.
		And this Convention calls upon the Tamil Nation in general and the Tamil youth in particular to come forward to throw themselves fully into the sacred fight for freedom and to flinch not till the goal of a sovereign state of TAMIL EELAM is reached.
		Chelvanayakam, Q.C, M.P. The TULF went to polls in 1977 with this and received an overwhelming mandate from the Tamil electorate.
	www.eelamweb.com /history/document/vaddu (1002 words)

	TamilNet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Tamils in Mutur have sought asylum in the town’s Methodist Church and St. Anthony’s church and a Tamil orphanage fearing reprisals by Muslims.
		United National Party organisers in the Muslim dominated coastal electorates of the Ampara district Friday decided to contest as an independent group if their leadership in Colombo were to go ahead with its seat sharing arrangement with the Sri Lanka Muslim Congress.
		The CWC and the Upcountry People’s Front (UPF) are holding talks on forming a broad front to contest in districts outside the island’s northeast, particularly in the central province where there are substantial numbers of Tamils.
	www.tamilnet.com /cat.html?catid=13&year=2001&month=10 (2195 words)

	Demanding Sacrifice: War and Negotiation in Sri Lanka
		In 1976, a new parliamentary party of Tamils was formed, the Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF), which sought to make political capital out of the changing aspirations of the Tamil movement, committing itself to the goal of Eelam through its founding ‘Vaddukoddai Resolution’.
		The foregoing arguments demonstrate that the Ceylon Tamil national movement in Sri Lanka is part of an established global phenomenon, that the right to national self-determination is generally appreciated by international powers and that its promotion or suppression is typically determined by political considerations.
		After the Tamil demand escalated to external self-determination, successive regimes have created the illusion that internal self-determination is available and dismissed the national liberation movement as unnecessary and illegitimate.
	www.c-r.org /accord/sri/accord4/self_determ.shtml (2085 words)

	[No title]
		Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF) opposes government resettlement plans in Jaffna (February 2001)
		"THE Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF) announced its opposition to government plans to resettle 70,000 families, displaced from around Kankesanthurai and Palaly military bases, in other areas of Jaffna.
		In a mid-February letter to President Chandrika, TULF leader V Anandasankari demands that the people must be resettled in their home areas.
	www.idpproject.org /Sites/idpSurvey.nsf/(wViewCountries)/F13AA04A18573840C1256A6200498911 (200 words)

	TULF-Tamil United Liberation Front - Sri (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		TULF leaders' appeal in Sangaree case to be heard Thursday The appeal filed by the Secretary General and Senior Vice President of the Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF) Mr.R.Sampanthan and Mr.Jospeh Pararajasingham respectively against the interim injunction issued by the Colombo District Court in favour of the TULF President Mr.
		Tamil United Liberation Front's Secretary General Mr.R.Sampanthan and Senior Vice President Mr.Jospeh Pararajasingham Monday filed a petition in the Court of Appeal, seeking to vacate the interim injunction order issued on them by the Colombo District Judge on an action instituted by the TULF President, Mr.
		V.Anandasangaree against the Secretary General and Senior Vice President of the Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF) Mr.R.Sampanthan and Mr.Joseph Pararajasingham respectively for summoning the party central committee meeting without his written approval, legal sources said.
	www.tulf.net (403 words)

	Right to Self Determination - Tamil Eelam, International Law & Practice
		Tamil Eelam: The Legitimacy of a New State - A. Chandrakanthan, April 1998
		The Tamils, for example, were not seeking independence and were not using violence in the 1970s.
		During the past several years, the Tamils' right to self determination has received recognition by more than 65 non governmental organisations at sessions of the UN Commission on Human Rights (and its Sub Commission) in Geneva.
	www.tamilnation.org /selfdetermination/tamileelam (1263 words)

	Library of Congress / Federal Research Division / Country Studies / Area Handbook Series / Sri Lanka / Appendix B
		Tamil separatist underground of rival and sometimes violently hostile groups based in the Northern and Eastern provinces and known collectively as Tamil Tigers.
		founded in May 1972 as a reaction against the 1972 constitution, a coalition of Tamil interest groups and legal parties including the Tamil Congress and the Federal Party; united by the goal of Tamil autonomy and espousing nonviolent means, called the Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF) in 1976.
		Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF)--political party spawned by the Tamil United Front.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /frd/cs/sri_lanka/lk_appnb.html (826 words)

	GN Online: Row over plan for army post in Jaffna
		A fresh row is brewing between Tamil politicians and Tamil guerrillas over plans by the military to build a new brigade headquarters close to a library in the northern Jaffna peninsula.
		But a Tamil politician who is the President of Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF) has called on President Chandrika Kumaratunga to use her executive powers and prevent the decision being implemented.
		Anandasangaree's TULF is the main party in the four party coalition known as the Tamil National Alliance (TNA) backing the LTTE.
	www.gulf-news.com /Articles/print.asp?ArticleID=82833 (310 words)

	T.S. SUBRAMANIAN (a Tamil) writes... - InfoLanka Forum
		T.S. THE assassination of Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF) vice-president and parliamentarian Neelan Tiruchelvam testifies to the observation that moderate politicians are vulnerable to death threats from the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE).
		In May 1986, it hunted down and shot dead Sri Sabarathnam, the charismatic leader of the Tamil Eelam Liberation Organisation (TELO), as the organisation's proximity to India posed a threat to the Tigers' hegemony.
		On July 13, 1989, TULF secretary-general A. Amirthalingam and polit bureau member V. Yogeswaran were shot d ead at the latter's home in Colombo by two LTTE militants, Visu and Aloysius.
	www.infolanka.com /ubb/Forum1/HTML/001415.html (1184 words)

	People's Liberation Front(JVP) - Sri Lanka
		The JVP entered the mainstream politics, contested the 1994 General Elections under the party name of National Salvation Front (in coalition with Progressive Front) and won a parliamentary seat in Hambantota district.
		At the Presidential Elections 1994 the JVP nominated comrade Nihal Galappththi as the National Salvation Front’s Presidential candidate.
		At the Local Government elections held in 2002, 219 representatives of the JVP were elected.
	www.jvpsrilanka.com (472 words)

	LankaWeb News
		The crisis deepened after party President V. Anandasangari left a crucial meeting of the Tamil United Liberation Front abruptly, held to finalize a list of candidates for the forthcoming general elections.
		Anandasangari has refused to accept that any party was the sole representative of the Tamils in the past.
		Although the LTTE is not officially a member of the Tamil National Alliance (TNA) but a coalition the Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF), All Ceylon Tamil Congress (ACTC), Tamil Eeelam Liberation Organization (TELO) and Eelam Peoples Liberation Front (EPRLF) – only a faction, LTTE has allegedly tried to control the affairs of the coalition
	www.lankaweb.com /news/items04/200204-1.html (299 words)

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