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Topic: Tammany Hall

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	Tammany Hall
		Tammany Hall was the name given to the Democratic political machine that dominated New York City politics from the mayoral victory of Fernando Wood in 1854 through the election of Fiorello LaGuardia in 1934.
		The Tammany Society of New York City was founded in 1786 as a fraternal organization whose primary activities were social.
		Ultimately, even Tammany was unable to escape from the drastic social and cultural changes brought on by the Great Depression, and in 1932 the machine suffered a dual setback when Mayor James Walker was forced from office and FDR was elected president.
	www.nps.gov /archive/elro/glossary/tammany-hall.htm (665 words)

	Tammany Hall - LoveToKnow 1911
		TAMMANY HALL, a political organization in New York City, U.S.A., claiming to be the regular representative of the Democratic party in that city.
		The most conspicuous overthrows of Tammany since the days of Tweed were in 1894, in 1901, when practically the whole reform ticket from mayor to alderman was elected, and in 1909, when the mayor (not a member of Tammany) was the only Tammany nominee on the general ticket elected.
		The power of Tammany Hall is the natural result of the well-regulated machine which it has built up throughout the city, directed by an omnipotent "boss." Each of the "assembly districts" into which the city is divided sends a certain number of representatives to the General Committee of Tammany Hall.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Tammany_Hall (1064 words)

	Tammany Hall - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tammany Hall was the name given to the Democratic Party political machine that played a major role in New York City politics from the 1790s to the 1960s.
		Despite occasional defeats Tammany was consistently able to survive and, indeed, prosper and continued to dominate city and even state politics.
		Tammany never recovered, but it staged a small scale come-back in the early 1950s under the leadership of Carmine DeSapio, who succeeded in engineering the elections of Robert Wagner, Jr.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tammany_Hall (657 words)

	Tammany - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		While Tammany was fighting the political forces of De Witt Clinton, it consolidated its position in the city.
		Tammany backed Andrew Jackson for president, and after his victories in 1828 and 1832 it became a dominant force, fighting for democratic suffrage and the abolition of imprisonment for debt in New York state.
		Tammany suffered a telling defeat in the election of 1932 and did not regain its former strength in succeeding elections.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/T/Tammany.asp (841 words)

	Tammany Hall NYC - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tammany Hall NYC, also abbreviated THNYC, is an independent rock band based in New York City that has achieved a fair amount of success in writing music that has been used in various television shows such as The Sopranos, Into Character, Scrubs (TV show), It Takes a Thief (Discovery Channel) and Sex and the City.
		Tammany Hall NYC formed in 1997, and soon began playing in local New York clubs.
		In December 2003 Tammany Hall NYC performed live for the Howard Dean fundraiser at the Roseland Ballroom in New York, where Dean greeted them personally.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tammany_Hall_NYC (530 words)

	Riots/ Tammany Heals / Boss Tweed
		The Tweed scandals were a great blow to Tammany Hall, the Democratic Party, and more generally to the NYC.
		Within three years after the disastrous Tweed scandals, a reformed Tammany Hall was back in power under the leadership of "Honest" John Kelly." Kelly patched together a governing coalition of Tammany leaders not touched by the scandals and anti-Tammany leaders such as Samuel J. Tilden, August Belmont and Governor Horatio Seymour.
		Kelly's real genius, was transforming Tammany Hall and the Democratic Party in NYC from a relatively disorganized collection of different political factions into an efficient centrally directed political organization that would serve as a model for other urban so-called "machines" throughout the country.
	www.midtownmedia.com /ndc/Civilwar.html (560 words)

	Tammany Hall
		Tammany Hall was the name given to the Democratic political machine that dominated New York City politics from the mayoral victory of Fernando Wood in 1854 through the election of Fiorello LaGuardia in 1934.
		Ultimately, even Tammany was unable to escape from the drastic social and cultural changes brought on by the Great Depression, and in 1932 the machine suffered a dual setback when Mayor James Walker was forced from office and FDR was elected president.
		Despite these setbacks, the Tammany machine achieved something of a renaissance in the early 1950s under the leadership of Carmine De Sapio, who succeeded in engineering the elections of Robert Wagner in 1953 and Averell Harriman in 1954, while simultaneously blocking the successful candidacies of those who had not curried his favor.
	www.gwu.edu /~erpapers/abouteleanor/q-and-a/glossary/tammany-hall.htm (668 words)

	Gustavus Myers, The History of Tammany Hall, ch 22 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		At the outbreak of the war, Mozart Hall, for purposes of political display, took a prompt position in favor of maintaining the Union, although Wood, its master spirit, advocated, in a public message, the detaching of New York City from the Union and transforming it into a free city on the Hamburg plan.
		Apparently hostile, the leaders of Tammany and of Mozart Hall soon saw that it was to their mutual benefit to have a secret understanding as to the division of the spoils.
		Cries of “Tammany is not dead yet,” were heard, and then Chauncey Shaeffer regaled the crowd with the information that he got his first meal, with liquor thrown in, at Tammany Hall, sixteen years before, and he would never desert her.
	www.geocities.com /doswind/myers/tammany_22.html (4407 words)

	TAMMANY HALL - Online Information article about TAMMANY HALL
		HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
		Committee, the " Tammany Hall " of political notoriety; the leading members, however, of the " Society" and of the " Hall" are identical, and the " Society " controls the See also:
		There were elaborate investigations of Tammany's control of the city by committees of the legislature in 189o, 1894, and 1899.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /SUS_TAV/TAMMANY_HALL.html (2285 words)

	Gustavus Myers, The History of Tammany Hall, ch 2
		They made Tammany his machine; and it is clear that they were attached to him sincerely, for long after his trial for treason, Tammany Hall, under their influence, tried unsuccessfully to restore him to some degree of political power.
		Tammany claimed to have brought about the result ; and the claim was generally allowed.
		The Tammany Society members, or as they were called until 1818 or 1814, the Martling Men (from their meeting place), soon had a far more interesting task than fighting Federalists.
	yamaguchy.netfirms.com /myers/tammany/tammany_02.html (1786 words)

	Tammany Society
		The Tammany Society was formed in New York City in 1786.
		After the fall of William Tweed the Tammany Society was reorganized by John Kelly.
		An investigation of political corruption in New York City by Samuel Seabury in 1930-31 brought an end to the career of another Tammany figure, James Walker, who was forced to resign as mayor of the city.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /USAtammany.htm (746 words)

	Carmine De Sapio, last Tammany Hall boss - The Boston Globe
		NEW YORK -- Carmine G. De Sapio, whose political muscle stretched from City Hall to the White House after he orchestrated the post-World War II revival of the powerful Tammany Hall machine, died Tuesday.
		Tammany Hall, as the Manhattan Democratic Party was once known, had declined precipitously in the 1930s after dominating New York politics for nearly a century -- a stretch that included the 19th-century era of corrupt politician William "Boss" Tweed.
		De Sapio had sought to end Tammany's image of smoke-filled back rooms where major political decisions were made hidden from public view and tried to distance himself from Tammany Hall predecessors such as Tweed.
	www.boston.com /news/globe/obituaries/articles/2004/07/29/carmine_de_sapio_last_tammany_hall_boss (488 words)

	Tammany Hall
		The Tammany Society was founded in New York City in 1789 by William Mooney, a Revolutionary War veteran.
		In 1830, the group's headquarters were established in Tammany Hall and thereafter the name of the association and the location were synonymous.
		Tammany Hall regained its strength in the 1880s and was prominent in the life of the city.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h705.html (345 words)

	Tammany. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Divided into 13 tribes, corresponding to the 13 states, it had as its motto “Freedom Our Rock”; its rites and ceremonials were based on pseudo–Native American forms, and the titles of its officials were also pseudo–Native American.
		Corruption in city politics continued, however, and investigations, including that headed by Samuel Seabury (1930–31), of the city magistrates’ courts completely discredited Tammany Hall and ultimately brought about the resignation (1932) of Mayor James J. Walker.
		Later attempts (1963, 1965) by De Sapio to regain power failed, and during the mayoralty of John V. Lindsay (1966–73), Tammany passed out of existence as a political machine.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ta/Tammany.html (728 words)

	Tammany Hall & Central Park
		Tammany supervised it all, reigning supreme over city politics from the end of the Civil War to the beginning of the Great Depression.
		The Society of St. Tammany was founded in 1786 by soldiers in George Washington's Continental Army as the political voice of the people.
		The Tammany Tiger was just such a friend, and for thousands of downtrodden immigrants, Tammany Hall was a savior.
	www.racontours.com /archive/tammany.php (490 words)

	Gustavus Myers, The History of Tammany Hall, ch 24 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		When the members of the general committee appeared before Tammany Hall, on the night of March 28, they found to their surprise that the “ring” had caused to be placed a guard of 600 policemen about the building, to prevent their ingress.
		The gathering convened in Irving Hall, nearby, where by roll call it was found that 187 members of the committee, later increased by about a dozen — a clear majority of the whole number — were present.
		Partly to quiet his conscience, it was suspected, and in part to make himself appear in the light of a generously impulsive man, Tweed gave, in the Winter of 1870-71, $1,000 to each of the Aldermen of the various wards to buy coal for the poor.
	www.geocities.com /doswind/myers/tammany_24.html (3228 words)

	Tammany’s Boss by Sam Munson - Policy Review 132 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		It is here that Tweed, chief of Tammany and later state senator and commissioner of public works, began in earnest his true career as an eminence grise: dispenser of huge largesse and electoral favors, receiver of equally huge kickbacks from city contractors, plunderer of tax and treasury monies.
		This is a serious flaw in a book that purports to detail the life and adventures of the “corrupt pol who conceived the soul of modern New York” — in the words of the subtitle — and at whose heart we naturally expect to find the man himself.
		Tweed’s astonishingly quick ascent within Tammany to the position of chairman of its general committee flashes before the reader’s eyes in three tantalizing paragraphs, and we are left hungering for stories of the backroom deals and political infighting that Tweed must have prosecuted in order to attain the chair.
	www.policyreview.org /aug05/munson.html (1789 words)

	Amazon.ca: Signet Classics Plunkitt Of Tammany Hall: Books: William Riordan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		His belief that Tammany Hall was a benevolent organization that served the poor and needy put a bemused smile on my face.
		After all, Plunkitt doesn't see or doesn't admit to seeing that the robbing of public funds through honest or dishonest graft is what contributed to the social problems, like unemployment, poverty and crime, which for the most part put the needy and poor in their predicament in the first place.
		This ability of his (or of his interviewer/editor/co-author), apart from his astute observations or the fuller appreciation he might give some readers of the politics of Tammany Hall and the patronage system, is probably the key to his book's enduring popularity.
	www.amazon.ca /Signet-Classics-Plunkitt-Tammany-Hall/dp/0451526201 (1010 words)

	Plunkitt of Tammany Hall by William L. Riordon 1963
		Tammany was beat in 1901 because the people were deceived into believin’ that it worked dishonest graft.
		Tammany has had to foot the whole bill, and when any of Hill’s men came down to New York to help him in the campaign, we had to pay their board.
		You see, Tammany was rather scared that year and was bluffed into givin’ this job to get the support of the State Democracy which, by the way, went out of business quick and prompt the day after it got this big plum.
	www.marxists.org /reference/archive/plunkett-george/tammany-hall (22264 words)

	EvilSponge: Album: Tammany Hall Machine by Tammany Hall Machine
		Tammany Hall Machine are yet another one of the Austin, Texas, bands that seem to have crawled out of the woodwork recently.
		Like their ostensible compatriots Dynah and What Made Milwaukee Famous, Tammany Hall Machine have created a professional sounding solid Indie Rock album, which is perhaps stunning as the CD is both self-produced and self-released.
		As an album, Tammany Hall Machine would seem to offer something to people with a variety of different tastes, where you like semi-country, or garage rock, or psychedelia, or just plain good music.
	www.evilsponge.org /albums/TammanyHallMachine__THM.htm (722 words)

	www.GovExec.com - Reinventing Tammany Hall (1/1/97)
		Tammany began as an anti-Catholic organization that excluded foreigners from membership, but it changed its tune as the demographics of New York City shifted.
		Tammany boss Richard Croker, who ran the machine from 1886 to 1901, made no apologies about the change in policy.
		And Tammany looks after them for the sake of their votes, grafts them upon the Republic, makes citizens of them in short.
	www.govexec.com /archdoc/0197/0197s4s2.htm (864 words)

	Early African New York (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Tammany Hall started out innocently enough in 1788 as a club of mainly craftsmen.
		However, by the mid-nineteenth century Tammany Hall, as headquarters of New York's Democratic Party, was well on its way to becoming one of the city's earliest political machines.
		Tammany leadership quickly recognized the huge voting bloc that European immigrants represented.
	projects.ilt.columbia.edu /Seneca/AfAMNYC/06bAfAmNYC.html (100 words)

	Tammany Hall and New York Sun (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The corner of Frankfort and Nassau streets (left) was occupied from 1812 through 1867 by the headquarters, or "wigwam", of Tammany Hall, a powerful political organization.
		It became notorious for the corruption practiced by the Tammany leaders, led by William Magear Tweed, a Fourth Ward native who controlled city government in the 1860s.
		Yet Tammany was supported by many working-class New Yorkers, particularly those of immigrant ancestry who appreciated its opposition to nativism and anti-Catholicism.
	vm.uconn.edu /~pbaldwin/tammany.html (330 words)

	Tammany Hall
		Late in 1927, the Society of Tammany sold its headquarters on East 14th Street and announced the construction of a new Tammany Hall.
		In 1943, the building was sold to the International Ladies Garment Workers Union; the main meeting hall, named Roosevelt Auditorium, became one of the most important centers for union activities in New York City.
		In 1984, the hall was renovated for use as an Off-Broadway theater.
	www.preserve2.org /gramercy/proposes/new/district/100_102e17.htm (242 words)

	Early New York - Harmony In Old Tammany Hall
		The invitation to step over to Hoboken and adjust matters with a pair of pistols was, of course, a barbarity, but it led to a remarkable politeness and a discriminating choice of words in public speech or written document.
		It was the friendship which Jack-son conceived for stalwart Sam Swartwout that made the latter Collector of the Port, and kept him in office eight years in spite of the protests of Tammany Hall.
		Later in the campaign I accepted an invitation to speak in Tammany Hall, and though anticipating a disturbance, there was nothing else to be done but to go.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles11/new-york-history-24.shtml (2049 words)

	"Boss Tweed" and the Tammany Hall Machine
		There is little question that the Tweed Ring were outright thieves and that Tammany Hall did have a series of reoccurring scandals.
		Tammany represented a form of organization that wedded the Democratic Party and the Society of St. Tammany (started in 1789 for patriotic and fraternal purposes) into an interchangeable exchange.
		The success of Tammany Hall to control City politics and persist in power until the years of the Great Depression is better appreciated by understanding Samuel Tilden George Washington Plunkett.
	www.albany.edu /~dkw42/tweed.html (1059 words)

	Samuel J. Tilden, Opponent of Tammany Hall... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		But while many of the Republicans' allegations were untrue, one in particular was based on more than just a shred of truth: the charge that Tilden had acted with less than selfless intent in his attacks on Tammany Hall, the corrupt New York City Democratic political machine led by William M. Tweed.
		Samuel J. Tilden's modern image is overwhelmingly positive: the man who, it is thought, single-handedly broke up the Tweed Ring; the only man to have been elected President but denied the office; a major benefactor of one of the largest public research libraries in the world.
		(36) But the most significant accomplishment often credited to him, the breakup of Tammany Hall, is his not (as is generally assumed) because he thought it was the right thing to do, but more because he thought it was the politically expedient thing for him to do.
	www.bozosoft.com /mike/writings/tilden.html (2595 words)

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