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Topic: Tanbur

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	PANDURA - LoveToKnow Article on PANDURA
		The tanbur had a long neck resembling a section of a cylinder and a highly vaulted back, and its strings were plucked.
		The early lutes had larger bodies than tanburs, the neck was short compared to the length of the body, the head was generally bent back at right angles, and the convex was not so deeply vaulted as that of the tanbur.
		The tanbur survived during the middle ages and as late as the 18th century; it may be traced in the musical documents of several countries.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /P/PA/PANDURA.htm (1091 words)

	ANALYSIS AND PHYSICAL MODELING OF TANBUR
		The tanbur has seven strings, six of them are grouped in pairs, and the lowest-pitched string tuned to A1 (55 Hz) is single.
		The vibration of the tanbur strings is relatively nonlinear due to the modulation of the tension along the string.
		In addition, the radiated sound component due to the tension modulation longitudinal force is pronounced and clearly adds to the character of tanbur tones.
	www.acoustics.hut.fi /~cerkut/tanbur (735 words)

	Iran - music - Iranian instruments - Tanbur
		The tanbur has a unique playing technique by which the strings are strummed with the fingers of the right hand to produce a very full and even tremolo called shorr (literally meaning the pouring of water).
		The ancient tanbur used to have two silk or in some instances gut strings tuned in 4th or 5th, similar to the dotar (meaning two stringed), its close relative widely used in Eastern Iran.
		The tanbur has always been considered a sacred instrument associated with the Kurdish Sufi music of Western Iran and it is believed that its repertoire is based on ancient Persian music.
	www.dejkam.com /music/iran_traditional/instruments/tanbur (365 words)

	Strings: Central asia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The tanbur is a long neck lute having only five strings and has many or less strings depending on where the origins of this instruments are from.
		The tanbur however in Xingjian China or Chinese Turkistan has five strings 2 courses of 2 strings on the top and bottom part of the neck and course of 1 string in the middle of the neck.
		The dutar and the tanbur both are highly ornate with traditional camel bone inlay in the finger board of the neck of the instrument.
	www.museumofworldmusic.com /Cas.html (3259 words)

	7/8 Music Productions Concerts
		The tanbur has a unique playing technique whereby the strings are strummed across the soundboard with the fingers of the right hand to produce a very full and even tremolo called shorr (literally meaning the pouring of water).
		The ancient tanbur used to have two silk or gut strings tuned in 4th or 5th, similar to the dotar (two stringed lute), its close relative widely used in Eastern Iran.
		According to the master instrument maker Ustad Mehdi Kamalian, the name tanbur is taken from the word tandur or tanur, meaning clay oven, as early instrument makers dried tree trunks chosen to carve the belly in tanurs for several hours in order to perfect the sound.
	www.geocities.com /Vienna/Choir/5125/concerts.html (1410 words)

	Jambands.com \| Features \| Journey of the Jam- Kurdistan's Sacred Tanbur \| 2004-12-31
		His translations of his reference work indicate that though both were in Syria, the al-baghdadi tanbur was common to Baghdad and the areas west and center of it; whereas, the al-khorasani tanbur belonged especially to Khurasan and the countries east and north of it.
		Despite the Kurds and the tanbur's historical turbulence, the Kurds have achieved a strong branch of cultural identity by nurturing the tanbur to be their beautiful voice.
		Specifically the tanbur has defined, and is being recorded by Ali Akbar Moradi, the 72 maqams that are the beautiful voice for the Kurdish Yarsan Ahl-e Haqq people nestled in the extremely remote mountain ranges of Iran before their voice becomes lost to the sands of time.
	www.jambands.com /Features/content_2004_12_31.01.phtml (1957 words)

	Tanbur (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Although the Tanbur and the Dotar share a similar history and are basically the same, they have developed their own repertoires, playing techniques and functions.
		The Tanbur has always been considered a sacred instrument associated with the Kurdish Sufi music of Western Iran and it is belived that its repertoire is based on ancient Persian music.
		The Tanbur repertoire, like Setar and all other Persian instruments, is taught orally and has been passed on from generation to generation from father to child and master to student for thousands of years.
	www.setar.info /Tanbur.htm (214 words)

	Turkish Classical Music Instruments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The body of tanbur is made of slices of fine woods.
		Tanbur was, for the first time, played with bow by Cemil Bey and his "taksims" on phonograph's have aroused great interest among people.
		Tanbur is placed in between two knees and played in upright position with a bow.
	turkish_music.sitemynet.com /turkish_music_instruments.htm (4096 words)

	Lian Records
		The traditional instrument for zekr is the tanbur, an ancient, three stringed lute that was already present in the 3rd century at the court of the Sasanids in Iran.
		Eventually, the tanbur was destined to be used by the Ahl-e Haqq solely as a sacred instrument.
		The sitar is believed to have developed under medieval Muslim influence from the tanbur.
	www.lianrecords.com /pgs/a_tanbur.html (83 words)

	MANDOLIN AND SITAR: DIFFUSION AND ACCULTURATION
		The tanbur-al baghdadi (Tanbur of Baghdad) and the tanbur al khorisani (Tanbur of Khorisan) are two known necked lutes of the early Muslim era.
		Al-Farabi (d 950) wrote that the Baghdad tanbur was found to the south and west of Baghdad while the Khorisan version was found in Persia (Hassan and others 1984:518).
		The tanbur al khorisani appears to have spread eastward to Afghanistan, Central Asia and to South Asia.
	www.geocities.com /sitar_music/sitmanac.htm (2874 words)

	MODEL-BASED SOUND SYNTHESIS OF TANBUR
		A short melodic excerpt demonstrates several features of tanbur, such as plectrum scratches, the typical use of melody pair, and the use of other strings as pedal tones.
		The linear tanbur model consists of two dual-polarization string models (to simulate the melody pair), and five single polarization string models (to simulate the resonators), a pluck-shaping lowpass filter E(z), a pluck-position comb filter P(z), and a coupling matrix C, along with 10 wavetables to store the extracted excitation signals.
		We have tackled the modeling of the tanbur by a generic linear plucked string instrument model and by a specific nonlinear model that accounts for the tension modulation effects inherently present in tanbur tones.
	www.acoustics.hut.fi /~cerkut/icassp2000 (1046 words)

	PANDURA - Online Information article about PANDURA
		life; the musician is playing on a pear-shaped tanbur with a very long slender neck, which would have served for two strings at the most, while two men, disguised in the skins of See also:
		4 In the miniatures-of the Cantigas there are oval tanburs withas the scheschta,s whereas a three-stringed variety was known as the schrud.
		English hybrid, but a true descendant of the ancient Oriental tanbur, with nine strings, a rose sound-hole and seven frets; the French writer erroneously states that it is similar to the cistre (cittern).
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /PAI_PAS/PANDURA.html (1465 words)

	Golden Horn Records :: Derya Turkan & Murat Aydemir - Ahenk, Turkish Classical Music
		The Tanbur is a long necked, stringed instrument with the widest tonal range of any stringed instument indiginous to Turkey.
		The Tanbur's body has a hemisperic shape and is constructed from mahogany, walnut, balsam, rose, chestnut, juniper, and plane trees.
		A tanbur can be tuned in a variety of ways, which can be based for a specific makam or even a composition.
	www.goldenhorn.com /display.php4?content=records&page=ghp006.html (1382 words)

	ALI-AKBAR MORADI > WHISPER
		Certain unique qualities of the tanbur music of Kermanshahan, such as those found in the intervals, rhythms, and melodic cycles, lend support to the view that this music bears close resemblance to the ancient music of Iran.
		The two major tanbur playing regions of Kermanshahan are Gooran and Sahne.
		Tanbur is popular among the Alavian who dwell on the foothills of the Zagros mountains.
	www.iranmusic.tv /shop/detail.asp?iPro=41&iType=12 (214 words)

	Tanbur: Globalization, Culture and Technology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		s applied to various long-neck lutes of the Middle East and Central Asia, but is derived ultimately from the ancient tanbur of Korasan and Baghdad.
		When played with the bow, it is called the yayli tanbur, the flat bridge is replaced with a curved one and the instrument is held upright on the knee.
		Tanburs usually have four sets of double strings (sometimes three sets) and range in length from 16 inches to 48 inches.
	www.columbia.edu /~gfh6/tanbur.html (75 words)

	Sacred Kurdish Tanbur Music of Iran
		The tanbur is a three-stringed long-necked plucked lute that is main instrument of Kurdistan.
		Difficult to master, the tanbur is played by sweeping across the soundboard with all of one’s fingers, creating the illusion of several instruments being played at once.
		He began playing the tanbur at the age of seven and studied with various masters, including Sayyed Hachem, Sayyed Mirza Khafashyan, Sayyed Mahmoud Alevi, Darvishi, Allahmouradi Hamedi, and Sayyed Vali Hosseyni.
	www.parstimes.com /events/kurdish_music.html (418 words)

	Zeryab Arabic Classical Music Forum - Mesut Cemil Bey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		His father Tanburi Cemil Bey was the first to introduce the cello and the bowed tanbur into Turkish music and Mesut Cemil continued to use the cello masterfully.
		Mesut Cemil’s tanbur style both carries marks of his father’s style but at the same time departs from it significantly.
		His style is characterized by deliberate lesser strokes with the wider side of the plectrum bringing the resonance of the tanbur fully.
	www.4allofus.net /zeryab/archive/index.php/t-1257.html (1454 words)

	Turkish Music,Istanbul,music in turkey,music in istanbul,Istanbul,Turkish polyphonic,processes a new music,Music ...
		It must be noted that the tanbur has never been played in less prestigious and lower or commercial genres of music although I assume it to be a transformed version of the baglama.
		It has been observed in the past centuries that even pious and devout people who believed that they would be dishonoured by learning or listening to music excepted the music with the ney and furthermore, there have been ney players among the ranks of the ulema (doctors of the Islamic canonical law) (see Toderini, 229).
		In brief, the ney and the tanbur are the genuine instruments of this music.
	www.bazaarturkey.com /contributi_of_multi.htm (2741 words)

	Tar or dutar middle eastern music instruments also known as tambour, târ or tanbur
		A tanbur is a musical instrument made of wood with five strings.
		the tanbur is normally played alone, but sometimes it can also be played accompanied by playing the rawap or rabab or/and percussion.
		On ancient engravings the tanbur looks like a saz or baglama.
	www.belly-dance.org /tar.html (312 words)

	Nour Foundation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		In the context of the intimate "Qatar" mode of classical Persian music, Ostad Elahi is inspired with an astonishing and fluid cascade of original Persian and Kurdish motifs on the five-stringed tanbur.
		This CD unveils another facet of Ostad Elahi’s music: his improvisations not only on the setar and the tanbur, which each have their own specific techniques, but also on a five-string tanbur that he himself created, probably to realize a synthesis between the Persian and Kurdish lutes.
		The solemnity and majesty of the Tarz-e Yari and Saru Khani suites, both played in the same mode, are followed by the dance rhythms of Tan Amiri and Pa Kotaki, evoking joy and ecstasy.
	www.nourfoundation.com /cds.htm (450 words)

	World Music Central: Murat Aydemir and Salih Bilgi Release Neva (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The scholarly tanbur, on the other hand, is considered expressive of the classical Ottoman/Turkish repertoires.
		The tanbur used in this recording was made by master Sacit Gürel and the ney was made by Salih Bilgin.
		The ney and tanbur are supported by the daf (frame drum).
	www.worldmusiccentral.org /article.php?story=20050212190652421&mode=print (315 words)

	ALI AKBAR MORADI & PEJMAN HADADI / Seveneighths.com / 7/8 Music Productions
		“Teheran-based Ali-Akbar Moradi is considered a virtuoso on the tanbur, a plucked string instrument with a pear—shaped belly fashioned from a single piece of mulberry wood.
		Its warm tone complements the rapid strumming and plucking on the banjo-like tanbur.
		So relaxed and intimate was the setting that Moradi and Hadadi left their instruments on stage during the break between the first and second set, letting people in the audience practically touch the beautiful tanburs and drums that were brought to Berkeley.
	www.seveneighths.com /ali_akbar_moradi.htm (1066 words)

	New Page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The ancestry of the setar can be traced to the ancient tanbur of pre-Islamic Persia.
		It is made from thin mulberry wood and its fingerboard has twenty-five or twenty-six adjustable gut frets.
		The daf is equipped with metal rings on the inside which add a jingle effect to the sound.
	www.cetsminc.com /persianmusicinstruments.htm (1086 words)

	Dotar
		It comes from a family of long-necked lutes and can be found throughout Central Asia, the Middle East and as far as the North East of China in Xinjiang.
		Its ancestor is probably the "Tanbur of Khorasan" as depicted by Farabi (10th century) in his essay Kitab AI-Musiqi Al-Kabir.
		Marâqi (15th century) in his Jâme Ol Alhân also describes two types of two-string Tanbur : one which he calls the Tanbur of Shirvân (a region in the south east of the Caucasus) and another which is the Turkish Tanbur.
	setaronline.tripod.com /Dotar.htm (293 words)

	E.J.N. - NECDET YASAR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Unrivalled in his improvisational taksim, he is famed for his subtle reditions of the composed pesrev and saz semai.
		Yasar was the principal student of Mesut Cemil, who was the preeminent tanbur player of his time and the son of Tanburi Cemil Bey, a tanbur and kemençe virtuoso.
		His ensemble, ideally composed of six musicians or more, is at ease with a repertory that includes rare musical styles from the oldest traditions dating back to 13th century to the modern forms of the 20th century.
	www.europejazz.net /mus/yasar.htm (226 words)

	VIA KABOUL 2004 : Music of Central Asia
		In Tajikistan, the leader of this movement is Abduvali Abdurashidov, who, with support from the Aga Khan Music Initiative in Central Asia (AKMICA), created his Academy of Shashmaqam to offer rigorous training to a highly select group of talented young performers.
		By reducing his ensemble to the essentials — a few voices, frame drum, and two or three long-necked lutes, including the rarely heard sato (bowed tanbur) — Abdurashidov achieves a remarkable clarity of texture and suppleness of form.
		His work instills new life in one of the great musical traditions of the Islamic world, and confirms the important place of Shashmaqam in any musical map of Eurasia.
	www.viakaboul.com /artist_page.php?artist_id=5 (290 words)

	Salih Bilgin and Murat Aydemir / Neva - CD / cdRoots
		Salih Bilgin was born in Istanbul in 1960.
		His tanbur teacher from his entry until his graduation was Tanbûri Necip Gülses, who has influenced Aydemir in playing techniques and art as well as the direction.
		He is dedicated to preserving the performance practice of the tanbur, traditionally a unique Turkish instrument, for new generations.
	www.cdroots.com /ghp-022.html (1263 words)

	Turgun Alimatov (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Performers: Turgun Alimatov (sato, tanbur, dutâr), Alisher Alimatov (tanbur, dutâr)
		The tanbur is a long-necked lute with sharp metallic tone, while the sato is a bowed tanbur, and the dutâ is a two-stringed lute.
		The style is essentially modern, using a mixture of folk tunes and classical developments to forge a synthetic style.
	www.medieval.org /music/world/cds/ocr60086.html (53 words)

	Turkish Music (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		They taught many Turks how to play the tanbur, the violin, and masters like Oskiyan, the ney, an instrument peculiar to Islamic culture.
		Eventually, the long-necked tanbur was developed to replace the ud. According to Evliya Celebi, in the seventeenth century there were only six ud players left in Istanbul (Ozergin: 6032).
		In the mid-sixteenth century, or at the latest at the beginning of the seventeenth century the tanbur was developed in Istanbul, which seems to be inspired by Turkish folk music instruments like the kopuz, the cogur, and the tanbura, and became the most prestigious instrument of Ottoman music, together with the ney.
	www.lesartsturcs.com /music/classical_ottoman.html (2476 words)

	Ostad Elahi : Cascade: Art of Oriental Tanbur Lute (2002) - Listen, Review and Buy at ARTISTdirect (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Ostad Elahi was the master of the five-string, lute-like tanbur -- in fact, his instrument was the first of its kind, an adaptation of others.
		For concentrated listening, it's definitely not easy, but it's remarkably rewarding, with complex harmonic effects and a bass string that offers a counterpoint to the melodies.
		This, indeed, is the art of the tanbur.
	www.artistdirect.com /nad/store/artist/album/0,,1748292,00.html (291 words)

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