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	Tank landing ship - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The tank landing ship (LST, for "Landing Ship, Tank") was created during World War II to support amphibious operations by carrying significant quantities of vehicles, cargo, and landing troops directly onto an unimproved shore.
		Provisions were made for the satisfactory ventilation of the tank space while the tank motors were running, and an elevator was provided to lower vehicles from the main deck to the tank deck for disembarking.
		The tank deck, which was above the waterline, was made parallel to the keel, there was no round down to the upper deck, the ship was enlarged to accommodate the more bulky machinery.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/LST (2922 words)

	Tank Landing Ships history, index
		Provisions were made for the satisfactory ventilation of the tank space while the tank motors were running, and an elevator was provided to lower vehicles from the maind eck to the tank deck for disembarking.
		The y participated in the invasions of Sicily, Italy, Normandy, and southern France in the European Theater and were an essential element in the island-hopping campaigns in the Pacific which culminated in the liberation of the Philippines and the capture of I wo Jima and Okinawa.
		Another successful conversion was the LST "Mother Ship." Thisv ersion of the standard LST hull had two Quonset huts erected on the main deck to accommodate 40 officers.
	www.hazegray.org /danfs/amphib/lst.htm (1886 words)

	LST (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Pumping ballast from the tanks converted the LST to a shallow draft vessel capable of landing its cargo on most gradually sloped beaches.
		Indeed, the image of tanks and troops making their way down the LST's landing ramp into the shallow surf is one that is inextricably connected to the great amphibious assaults of World War II - Sicily, Italy, Normandy and the Pacific island hopping campaign.
		A full complement of landing craft, which were suspended from large davits on the upper deck, is also included.
	www.steelnavy.com /LST.htm (462 words)

	Landing Ship Tank - General History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Of the 1051 ships of this type built during World War II 40 were lost during the war, 25 during action with the enemy.
		The request for a new type of landing ship was given to Niedermair by his superior, Captain (later Admiral) Edward Cochraine, then assistant head of the Design Division of the Bureau of Ships.
		Ships of this class are 522 feet in length with a beam of 69 feet.
	www.geocities.com /Pentagon/7312/History/LSTHistory.html (2252 words)

	USS Armstrong County
		The tank landing ship LST-57 was laid down on 24 October 1943 at Neville Island, Pa., by the Dravo Corp. and launched on 4 December 1943, sponsored by Mrs.
		Spending five days thereduring which time she embarked two Navy doctors and 40 corpsmen-the tank landing ship proceeded to Davisville, R.I., where the tank deck was loaded with 358 tons of pontoons: "no better a cargo for the sub-infested Atlantic," observed the ship's historian wryly.
		The tank landing ship went to general quarters but did not engage the enemy or participate in the rescue operation.
	www.multied.com /NAVY/Landing/ArmstrongCounty.html (957 words)

	LST 342
		A map in the guidebook stated that this was an American tank landing ship, or LST (for "landing ship, tank"), designated LST 325, beached and with its stern submerged, though the accompanying text contradicted the map and said that LST 325 is outside the bay, and 1.5 kilometers North-East of Taroaniara.
		When you consider the state of the rest of the ship and the salty environment and tropical climate to which it's exposed, it's remarkable that the ship's designation is in such good condition, almost exactly 45 years after it met its fate.
		As with all tank landing ships, she had a fairly flat bottom to allow her to move through shallow water and beach herself; her bow doors would then be opened and the ramp let down so tanks and other equipment could be offloaded.
	www.richard-seaman.com /Travel/SolomonIslands/NgellaIslands/Lst342 (863 words)

	Landing Ship Tank by the numbers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The ship had a flat bottom that helped facilitate beach landings, but provided a rough ride for her crew and passengers.
		The ship was also designed with several void spaces on her lowermost deck that could be flooded while at sea to provide extra ballast, then evacuated to allow the ship to ride higher and sail unto the beach.
		Once the ship beached, the huge bow doors would open, the ramp would be lowered, and the tanks or equipment would be quickly unloaded.
	www.evansvillelst.com /lst_info.htm (465 words)

	Thomas
		A ship that could land directly on the beaches of Africa and Europe and discharge troops and equipment.
		This ship became the Landing Ship, Tank or LST.
		Their story is interwoven with the history of decision-makers who saw the need for a landing ship design which could bring troops and equipment close to shore.
	www.thomaswright.com /LSTbookreviews.htm (566 words)

	History of The USS Tom Green County (LST-1159)
		The tank landing ship paid calls on the Japanese ports of Moji, Sasebo, and Kobe before a deteriorating international situation resulted in the ship's call to duty with TF 76 at Buckner Bay, Okinawa, on 3 February 1955.
		Four and one-half hours later, the tank landing ship got underway for Kin Red Okinawa, with elements of the 3d Battalion/12th Marines, embarked, and arrived at her destination on the 11th, unloaded and disembarked the troops; and headed back toward Yokosuka.
		The tank landing ship departed Japanese waters on 27 October and made port at Pearl Harbor on 12 November for a seven-day stay before beginning the last leg of her voyage to the west coast.
	www.mrfa.org /lst_1159.htm (2146 words)

	Barbour County
		The ship busied herself with such local training alternated with long periods in port at Long Beach until the summer of 1973 when she was chosen to join with Fort Fisher (LSD-43) in a training cruise to the Far East for Naval Academy and NROTC midshipmen.
		The ship departed Long Beach on 20 September, refueled at Pearl Harbor on the 26th, and made her first port of call in the western Pacific on 10 October at Mindoro Island in the Philippines where she spent two days loading a contingent of marines and equipment for transportation to Iwakuni, Japan.
		The ship put to sea again on the 20th for an emergency contingency operation in the Gulf of Siam, Operation "Eagle Pull," during which she stood by off the Cambodian coast ready to evacuate Americans and other foreigners from the capital, Phnom Penh, in the event of a communist takeover.
	www.history.navy.mil /danfs/b2/barbour_county.htm (5287 words)

	Encyclopedia entries starting with HMA
		As the ship was built in a dock she was floated on 24 January 1942 with the ceremony officiated by Reverend A. Ri..
		As the ship was built in a dock it was floated clear on 19 June 1942 with the ceremony officiated by the Revere..
		The ship was purchased by the Royal Australian Navy in 1961 and commissioned as HMAS Snipe on 11 September 1962.
	encycl.opentopia.com /H/HM/HMA (10584 words)

	Whitfield County (LST 1169)
		The tank landing ship continued her busy pace of operations carrying return cargo from Danang to Okinawa (arriving at the latter place on 2 April), before she embarked marine elements for maneuvers at Numazu.
		The next day, the tank landing ship began providing messing berthing, and logistical support for the men of the river assault force and the 1,800 troops from the 9th Army Division who were training with the riverine forces On 26 February, Whitfield County weighed anchor and headed for Yokosuka, arriving there on 9 March.
		Touching at Subic Bay en route, the tank landing ship reputedly became the first ship of her type to utilize water-filled causeway sections to serve as armor along the thinly-armored sides of the ship.
	www.hazegray.org /danfs/amphib/lst1169.htm (4992 words)

	landing ship, tank -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The most famous example of these was the LST (landing ship, tank), a large beaching craft that could embark and disembark troops and vehicles directly from shore...
		On land, internal-combustion vehicles and railroads, with increasing use of diesel fuel in both, remained the basic instruments of large-scale troop and freight movement despite their growing vulnerability to attack.
		In 1970 Lovell was commander of the Apollo 13 spacecraft, but the mission to land on the moon had to be aborted after an accident put the safety of the crew in jeopardy.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9344597 (862 words)

	RFA Empire Gull - Landing Ship (Tank) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Landing Ship Tanks were a new design of warship mass produced during the Second World War.
		The bow ramp allowed troops, tanks, machinery, artillery and even locomotives to be transported and offloaded at a beech in a relatively short space of time.
		The army's last landing ship tank, Empire Gull, was transferred to the Royal Fleet Auxiliary in 1970 along with the five
	www.btinternet.com /~warship/Postwar/RFA/landing.htm (139 words)

	Armstrong County
		Spending five days there— during which time she embarked two Navy doctors and 40 corpsmen—the tank landing ship proceeded to Davisville, R.I., where the tank deck was loaded with 358 tons of pontoons: "no better a cargo for the sub-infested Atlantic," observed the ship's historian wryly.
		She overtook a slow coastal convoy to that port and reached her destination on the 16th' mooring at the Fawley oil dock, downstream from _ Southampton, to discharge the diesel oil cargo.
		Steaming by way of Hampton Roads, Va., the tank landing ship reached Houston, Tex.', in,mid-May. She carried out substantial repairs at the Brown Shipbuilding Co. at Houston before proceeding to Gulfport, Miss., to load cargo.
	www.history.navy.mil /danfs/a12/armstrong_county.htm (964 words)

	Launching of Landing Ship LST282, Pittsburgh
		All that was needed to make the crash landing more realistic was a flock of tanks to come rumbling over the landing stage in the bow and open up with their 105's as they hit the shore.
		On each ship is an entirely separate engine room where smaller Diesels drive generators that produce the current for the vast and intricate electrical system which controls the operation of the ship.
		Every ship that leaves the American Bridge Company fitting dock is completely equipped for action, from the quarters of beef hanging in the refrigerators, to the drugs and surgeons' instruments in the tiny hospital.
	www.landingship.com /282/post.htm (936 words)

	History of The USS Whitfield County (LST-1169)
		In September, the tank landing ship departed Yokosuka for a six-week cruise that was slated to take the ship to Okinawa, Hong Kong; and Subic Bay; but, soon after Leaving Okinawa, she received word to report to Subic Bay.
		The ship sped to Chu Lai, reached that port on the 15th, and discharged her cargo upon arrival.
		The tank landing ship then returned to Vung Tau, where she was relieved as support LST for TG 117.2 by Iredell County (LST-839) on 30 January.
	www.mrfa.org /lst_1169.htm (5185 words)

	Tank Landing Ships history, index
		Within a few days, John Niedermair of the Bureau of Ships sketched out an awkward-looking ship that proved to be the basic design for the more than 1,000 LST's which would be built during World War II.
		The preliminary plans initially called for an LST 280 feet in length; but, in January 1942, the Bureau of Ships discarded these drawings in favor of specifications for a ship 290 feet long.
		Another successful conversion was the LST "Mother Ship." This version of the standard LST hull had two Quonset huts erected on the main deck to accommodate 40 officers.
	www.xmission.com /~jcander/lst.htm (1845 words)

	USS Barbour County (LST 1195)
		During beacing operations late in the afternoon, the BARBOUR COUNTY - while trying to retract - the ship swings to starboard, jamming her rudders in the sand and, by 1838, she is fully breached in the surf.
		The ship busied herself with such local training alternated with long periods in port at Long Beach until the summer of 1973 when she was chosen to join with FORT FISHER (LSD 40) in a training cruise to the Far East for Naval Academy and NROTC midshipmen.
		Once there, she rendezvoused with VANCOUVER and MOBILE (LKA 115) and proceeded on to Singapore where the tank landing ship received a mini-repair availability at the Sembawang shipyard starting on 26 April.
	navysite.de /lst/lst1195.htm (5619 words)

	[No title]
		The concept for the LST was rooted in the need for transporting men and equipment across the seas and landing them on a shoreline that had not been developed as a commercial harbor.
		An excerpt from a July 1963 LST 1076 General Information Book states, "The function of the ship is to transport motor vehicles to a beach head and have them disembark under their own power ready for battle".
		The ability to land on undeveloped beaches would force the enemy to “spread out” their defensive manpower and firepower, while providing the means to deliver fighting forces and their equipment to an enemy shore.
	www.insidelst.com (291 words)

	Friday, December 8, 2000
		The vessel, a tank landing ship given to the Greek navy in 1963, has inadequate lifesaving equipment, and its main propulsion and steering systems are in questionable condition, the Coast Guard's Atlantic area commander, Vice Adm. John E. Shkor, wrote in a letter to Robert Jornlin, the ship's captain.
		Milan Gunjak, president of the LST Association for former tank landing ship crewmen, said in an interview that he spoke by telephone Wednesday with Jornlin and that the group was determined to set sail by Monday from Gibraltar, regardless of the Coast Guard warning.
		The ship is undergoing engine repairs at Gibraltar and could be ready to set sail as early as Saturday, Gunjak said.
	www.estripes.com /dec00/ed120800k.html (711 words)

	LPD 4 Austin class - Navy Ships
		The LPD 4 Austin class of ship combines the functions of three different classes of ships; the landing ship (LSD), the tank landing ship (LST), and the attack cargo ship (LKA).
		Although their capabilities are less than those of the new LSD-41 class, the ships of the Austin class, built between 1965-1971, were considered sufficiently modern to have their service lives extended, and the Navy had planned to inaugurate an overhaul program for all 11 of them commencing in early 1988.
		The ship is certified for expanded flight deck operations and four (4) H-1 or two (2) H-1 and one (1) H-46 type aircraft can be on deck and turning at the same time.
	www.fas.org /man/dod-101/sys/ship/lpd-4.htm (1052 words)

	HyperWar: USS LST-451 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		For ship's logs and personnel records, see the Reference Page.
		Return to Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1940-45: Landing Ships
		Return to Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1940-1945
	www.ibiblio.org /hyperwar/USN/ships/LST/LST-451.html (108 words)

	LST-1 Landing Ship, Tank
		Laid down as tank landing ship (LST); converted to tender while under construction.
		Originally projected as a tank landing ship; redesignated a battle damage repair ship, ARISTAEUS (ARB-1), on 25 Jan 1943.
		Originally projected as a tank landing ship; redesignated a tender, PORTUNUS (AGP-4) on 25 Jan 1943.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/systems/ship/lst-1-unit.htm (1415 words)

	Coast Guard Manned LSTs
		The Coast Guard's experience with sailing in shallow waters as well as on the high seas made the Coast Guard crews a valuable addition to the Allied invasion fleets and they readily took to all of the various types of landing craft utilized by the Navy, including the vaunted Landing Ship, Tank, or LST.
		Some had Navy crewmen on board that manned the smaller landing craft attached to the LSTs or filled rates that the Coast Guard did not have enough men in such as radiomen, and medical staffs were typically Navy.
		For example, the Coast Guard crew of USS LST-25 "cross-decked" ships with the Navy crew of LST-381 in August 1943.
	www.uscg.mil /hq/g-cp/history/WEBCUTTERS/USCG_LST_Index.html (348 words)

	The Facts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		When naval bombardment began, Cone’s regiment was forced to jump to a tank-landing ship by means of a flimsy rope ladder.
		The ocean surged treacherously, slapping the tank landing ship against the other vessel, as Marines tried to board the rope ship with 70-pound packs and rifles, Cone said.
		Clyde Cone hadn’t waited until the draft to ship out to the Pacific theater.
	www.thefacts.com /story.lasso?ewcd=8edadc84aff3704c (204 words)

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