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Topic: Tanpura

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	Tanpura (Tambura) - Indian Drone Instrument
		The word "tanpura" (tanpoora) is common in the north, but in south India it is called "tambura", "thamboora", "thambura", or "tamboora".
		The tanpura is known for its very rich sound.
		The Miraj style is the typical north Indian tanpura (tambura).
	chandrakantha.com /articles/indian_music/tanpura.html (388 words)

	Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		It is widely held that the tanpura sets the harmonic background in context of which the melody evolves.
		Students of vocal music are routinely advised to practice singing with tanpura which helps in purifying their ability to produce correct "shrutis" (micro-tonal note positions) by feeling the consonance between their singing and the tanpura sound.
		The main technique used is separation of tanpura sound into individual harmonic partials by digital filtering and then listening to the sensation of the perceived note due to these individual partials and also their various combinations.
	www.tcs.tifr.res.in /~pandya/music/tanpura/papers/tanpura/node1.html (823 words)

	MusicalNirvana - Tanpura (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The Tanpura is a four to six stringed fretless instrument made of wood, and usually combined with gourd.
		The Tanpura player plucks the strings one at a time, in a steady, repetitive, almost orderly manner, using the index and middle fingers.
		These days "electronic" tanpuras have become commonplace, since they do not require an human player, are less expensive, simpler to tune, require minimal maintenance, and are easily portable.
	www.musicalnirvana.com /instruments/tanpura.html (257 words)

	Tanpura, tanpoora, tambura, tamboora, tanpuri, sursota, indian music drone - RagaNet Issue #2
		Some of the best tanpuras come from the area of Miraj, Calcutta, Banaras, tanjore where there is a tradition of growing some of the largest gourds.
		The instrumental version of the tanpura (tambura) is also becoming increasingly popular due to its small size and portability.
		Like the Male, female tanpuras with string sets that are especially designed for the male and female singing range, we actually market two sets of Instrumental tanpura strings that cater to the C and F (G) tunings.
	www.raganet.com /RagaNet/Issues/2/tanpura.html (1071 words)

	Electroacoustic Music Final Composition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The tanpura is an ideal vehicle for exploring the interrelation of timbral and harmonic structure precisely because the instrument itself embodies certain contradictions.
		The total sound of the tanpura is not of a vertical structure, though several notes are sounding simultaneously, but rather of a rich dynamic texture.
		The tanpura has been processed in such a way that the identity of the note as a note has been transformed into a tonal texture, a process which had already begun as notes were overlapped with increasing density.
	ccrma.stanford.edu /~pchordia/composition (374 words)

	Tanpura, tambouras, 8 different tanpuras available here.
		Tanpura was most probably included as a part of a classical music ensemble since the seventeenth century.
		These days "electronic" tanpuras have become commonplace, since they do not require a human player, are less expensive, simpler to tune, require minimal maintenance, and are easily portable.
		Electronic Tanpuras are, naturally, used by many students for practice as in this way the student can practice for long periods of time as and when needed without the need for a person to sit and play tanpura for them.
	www.buckinghammusic.com /tanpura/tanpura.html (501 words)

	Tamburas for Sale, including male tamburas and female tamburas, electronic tamburas, and tambura cases - Ethnic Musical ...
		The typical north Indian tanpura, favored by Hindustani musicians, is known as the Miraj style.
		The ABS tanpuras have been hand crafted in Miraj for over 100 years by four generations of the Balasaheb family.
		The ABS tanpuras are characterized by accurate woodwork, precise joining, artful decorations, and attention to the finishing and Jawari (tuning) work.
	www.musicoutfitters.com /ethnic/tambura.htm (1147 words)

	INDIA INSTRUMENTS: Tablas, Sitar, Indische Instrumente, Klassische Indische Musik, Indische Konzerte
		Tambora, tambura, tumbura or tamura all are synonyms of the Tanpura, which is relatively a new nomenclature given to it in Northern Indian music, wheras in Carnatic music it is still called tambura.
		The total length of the male tanpura is fifty-seven inches, the width of the soundboard (tabli) seventeen inches, circumference of the gourd (tumba) is fifty-four inches, and the length of the neck (dandi) or fingerboard is forty inches.
		Innovative tanpuras: Looking at the increasing demand for compact, portable and easy-to-handle tanpuras for travel purposes, efforts have been made to redesign its large and fragile body, and to produce smaller, compact instruments with a satisfactorily ambient sound, and a clear sustaining tonic centre.
	www.india-instruments.de /pages/glossar/g-tanpura.html (763 words)

	Conclusions and Discussion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		We have carried out a spectral analysis of tanpura sound to determine which harmonic partials correspond to which perceived notes in the tanpura sound.
		The harmonics between 5 to 15 seem to lead to most of the perceived notes whereas Jawari effect seems to be mostly due to harmonics higher than the 15th.
		For example in some other tanpura recordings we found a stronger presence of 4,7, 9 and 13.5th harmonic and a weaker presence of the 5th harmonic.
	www.tcs.tifr.res.in /~pandya/music/tanpura/papers/tanpura/node8.html (1170 words)

	Some reflections on the use of Electronic Substitute Tanpura
		An image that has often come to my mind in comparison to the dynamic sound of a tanpura is that of the concentric ripples on the surface of the water caused by the impact of a small stone being dropped into a quiet lake from a bridge.
		The resonance of the tanpura is both full and transparent, which allows me to sing (when I can muster the required precision and adhere to the character of the raga) any svara so that it completely blends in with the resonance of the tanpura.
		With a properly tuned tanpura it is possible to create a steady and radiant SA which is as straight and precise as a laser-line.
	www.medieval.org /music/world/martin_est.html (3730 words)

	NRILinks.com: Indian Musical Instruments
		A tanpura is always conspicuous by its absence.
		Nobody would feel the necessity of having a Tanpura till the time he would listen to any performance without it.
		A tanpura is made of wood and has a larger base (toomba) than a sitar.
	www.nrilinks.com /india/Culture/MusicInstr.htm (1016 words)

	Tanpura, Indian & Middle Eastern, String, Musical Instruments - Recommendations - nuLime.com
		This 53 inch long female tanpura is made by A.B. Satarmaker, master craftsman of Miraj India.
		Minature male tanpuras are larger than the female, masterfully carved with decorative inlays.
		Male tanpuras are larger than the female, masterfully carved with decorative inlays.
	www.nulime.com /recommendations.php?cat=3355 (177 words)

	Saarang: Realistic Natural Stereo Sound, Stereo Sound In Musical Instruments, Digital Tambura, Digital Tanpura, Taala ...
		This unique tanpura can be used as an automatic 4-string tanpura, a manually tuned 4-string tanpura, a 5-string tanpura or a 6-string tanpura.
		What this means is that the Saarang Miraj and all Radel Digital tanpuras (tamburas) have the actual digital recording of a traditional tanpura on a chip, which, by means of embedded software, is then used to produce the various notes.
		The facility of the 5th or 6th string is provided in some traditional tanpuras, to enable the artist to tune the 5th and 6th string to any note suitable to the raga that is being performed.
	www.radelindia.com /PROD-SAARANG.htm (708 words)

	About Tanpuras
		The tanpura (also called tambura or tamboura) provides the all important drone accompaniment to Indian Music.
		North Indian tanpuras are made by attaching a hollow wood stem to a body made from a gourd.
		There are vocal tanpuras (made to accompany male or female voices) and instrumental tanpuras (made to accompany solo stringed instruments like sitar or sarode).
	www.aacm.org /shop/about_tanpura.html (165 words)

	Tanpura
		The tanpura is a very ancient instrument with four to six strings which can be tuned to the scale to be played.
		The strings are plucked in turn to provide a steady drone which establishes the tone of the piece for both performers and audience.
		The drone gives a reference point against which melodic improvisations may be performed on the other instruments.
	www.artasia.org.uk /tanpura.html (62 words)

	SRUTI-India's premier music and dance magazine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The daughter of a very great vocalist of the past, with U.S.A. orientation, chose to mention once that a foreigner passed contemptuous remarks when she was taking the tanpura in a box.
		May musicians, organisers and rasika-s help to retain the use of the original tanpura at concerts, in the best interests of the tone and appeal of classical music, the truly classic Indian art.
		To me the tanpura is quite essential to photographically depict a musician in concert on stage.
	www.sruti.com /Oct05/sbox.htm (1192 words)

	SudeepAudio.com : Studio, Replication, Music Softwares, Indian musicians, Meditation, Audio Consultants
		Functional in nature, the tanpura is essentially an accompanying drone instrument, i.e.
		Vocalists either play the tanpura themselves while singing or someone else plays the tanpura, seated next to them.
		The origin of the tanpura is not known.
	www.sudeepaudio.com /lessons/tanpura01.htm (136 words)

	Tip: Playing with a tanpura box - Unfretted Forum
		The tanpura sound is very rich in overtones, and everytime I hit a tone on the string which is present in the harmonic content of the tanpura drone, my Glissentar starts to gently vibrate with it.
		So, the fact that almost every indian musical performance is accompanied by one or two tanpuras makes a lot of sense to me now: it is a very poweful tool to feel the correct tones.
		That's a difficult call as the tanpura is an accompanyment instrument.
	www.unfretted.com /forums/index.php?showtopic=127 (2004 words)

	Sitar > sitars > tanpura > tanpuras >tanpura tanpuras swarsangam from rikhi ram srishti and mangla prasad ...
		Sitar > sitars > tanpura > tanpuras >tanpura tanpuras swarsangam from rikhi ram srishti and mangla prasad sharma
		Each instrument is made individually and the tanpuras pictured here are only representative of the general appearance of the instruments.
		Made from selected aged tun wood and crafted to perfection, this is the same tanpura as preferred by a number of leading musicians.
	www.sitarsetc.com /instruments/tanpura.htm (549 words)

	TANPURA and RABAB
		Indian string instrument used for accompaniment by both vocalists and instrumentalist, 4 standing notes, available in Ladies pitch (G# & A#), small sized pumpkin approximate lenght 120 cms & gents pitch (C# & D#), larger pumpkin approx.
		On request 5 string Tanpura can be made to order.
		Rectangular wooden frame fitted on both sides with leather.Single string tuneable with a wooden peg.Played with bow special decorative fittings.
	members.tripod.com /jetucker_2/music_instruments/strings/india/tanpura.html (67 words)

	hemant mattani - Ambience
		Wake up to the hypnotic drone of Tanpura; let a milieu of vibrancy, peace and tranquillity caress your senses within.
		Therefore, it is more apt to say that the tanpura creates a melodic background, but not a melody.
		The tanpura music in this album is not electronically produced but is the natural authentic sound specially recorded for this album.
	www.whiteswanmusic.com /index.cfm/fuseaction/product.detail/product_id/836 (221 words)

	Mid-East Mfg, Inc. - Items Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The ABS tanpuras have been hand crafted in Miraj for over 100 years by four...
		The ABS tanpuras have been hand crafted in Miraj for over 100 years by four generations
		This is a functioning piece, but is not recommended for students, it is more a decor item.
	www.mid-east.com /items.asp?Cc=Tamburas (303 words)

	The Other Worlds Tanpura or Tamboura, 4 Strings, Male, Deluxe with FREE case (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Tanpura or Tamboura, 4 Strings, Male, Deluxe with FREE case
		Tanpura or Tamboura, Flat Back with FREE case
		Tanpura or Tamboura, Female, Decorated with FREE hard case
	www.oworlds.com /product/TMSM (86 words)

	I used to play the tanpura for Rafi saab: Mahendra Kapoor
		I often used to play the tanpura for Rafi saab during his performances.
		I used to call him Paaji (elder brother in Punjabi) and we used to speak in Punjabi mostly.
		Once when we were stepping out of the All India Radio building after a performance and I was holding the tanpura behind him a group of school kids approached him for autograph.
	www.nowrunning.com /news/news.asp?it=6993 (826 words)

	Ragani- Kirtan With Ragani- Musicians, Live Performances, Sound Equipment, Producing, Recording, Mixing, Mastering ...
		There are different sizes, the number of strings is commonly 4 or 5, and they can be tuned to various notes, depending upon the songs.
		When played properly the notes of the tanpura should join and sound as though they are one.
		To read more about the tanpura (and listen to a tanpura soundclip), visit www.chandrakantha.com (click here).
	www.raganiworld.com /indian_instruments.html (536 words)

	World-class Indian vocal and instrumental tanpuras from Calcutta and Delhi.
		World-class Indian vocal and instrumental tanpuras from Calcutta and Delhi.
		Please e-mail us or call directly at (212) 228-7864 for more information.
		Keshav Music Imports carries instrumental tanpuras and vocal tanpuras from Calcutta, Miraj and Delhi at affordable prices that are suitable for serious amateurs and industry pros.
	www.keshav-music.com /tanpuras.htm (95 words)

	Raagini tanpura and Riyaz Master Tabla machines
		Twin digital tambura (tanpura), Realistic natural stereo sound, latest sampler technology, use as single or dual tanpura, 4 or 5 string, automatic tuning of 4 notes,manual tuning of 5th note, Sleek ABS plastic cabinet, size : 230 x135 x 90 mm, weight approx.1kg.
		These are exactly the same ones as sold elsewhere under different names, we get them directly from the manufacturer.
		Just plug the transducer into this pre-amp and then the pre-amp to the amplifier or sound system, the difference is incredible.
	www.sitarsetc.com /Electronic_instruments.htm (1705 words)

	Tamburas - tenor tamburas, electronic tamburas, male and female tamburas. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Exotic sounds and exotic to look at, smaller than the Female Tambura.
		This ia a drone instrument which is an essential part of every classical concert, North or South Indian (even though the name and construction are slightly different; it is called, "Tanpura" in the North and "Tambura" in the South).
		The Tampura player generally sits behind the main artist so that they can constantly hear the drone.
	www.heritageethnicmusic.com /site/607029/page/273948 (734 words)

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