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Topic: Tap root

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Fibrous root system

Taproot

Root

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Dandelion

Carrot

Storage organ

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	AllRefer.com - root, in botany (Botany, General) - Encyclopedia
		root, in botany, the descending axis of a plant, as contrasted with the stem, the ascending axis.
		In most plants the root is underground, but in epiphytes the roots grow in the air and in hydrophytes (e.g., cattails and water lilies) they grow in water or marshes.
		In the center of the root the cells formed earlier by the embryonic cells of this layer differentiate into storage tissue and xylem and phloem vessels to conduct sap upward to the leaves and back down to nourish the root cells.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/R/root1.html (531 words)

	CHICORY - Online Information article about CHICORY
		ROOT (late O.E. rot, adopted from Scand., cf.
		Wurz or Wurzel; the ultimate root is the same in both words, and is seen in Lat.
		Its roots roasted and ground are used as a substitute for,.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /CHA_CHR/CHICORY.html (1159 words)

	Roots
		The main or primary root is known as the tap root; together with its many branch roots it forms a tap root system e.g.
		Roots form a passage way for water and dissolved substances from the root into the stem and also for foods from the stem down into the root.
		The outer cells of the root cap are continuously being worn away and new cells are added to the inner portion.
	www.botany.uwc.ac.za /sci_ed/grade10/anatomy/roots.htm (1027 words)

	Root Rot
		The disease is caused by the fungus Pythium aphanidermatum.
		Root symptoms are characterized by fl necrosis, proceeding inward through the tap root from lateral roots where the infection had begun.
		Root rot infection occurs by zoospores, and long-term exposure to saturated soil during periods of high temperature must be avoided.
	sugarbeet.ucdavis.edu /SBPM/Pma/pma_root.html (1190 words)

	07.03.97 - UC Berkeley named top campus in the nation for producing the highest number of Peace Corps volunteers
		The tap root is normally not a storage organ, and is enlarged in only a few plants, such as the radish, to store starch.
		Root crops are generally not good sources of starch, however, and are poor sources of protein and oil.
		The pickle mutation creates tap roots rich in all three, Sung says, and in fact mimics what happens in seeds, which typically are the major structures accumulating and storing proteins and oils.
	www.berkeley.edu /news/media/releases/97legacy/pickle.html (1100 words)

	Taproot -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		A (A living organism lacking the power of locomotion) plant's taproot is a straight tapering ((botany) the usually underground organ that lacks buds or leaves or nodes; absorbs water and mineral salts; usually it anchors the plant to the ground) root that grows vertically down.
		The taproot is why (Any of several herbs of the genus Taraxacum having long tap roots and deeply notched leaves and bright yellow flowers followed by fluffy seed balls) dandelions are hard to uproot — the top is pulled, but the long taproot stays in the ground, and re-sprouts.
		the root of a (Root of any of several members of the mustard family) turnip.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/t/ta/taproot.htm (519 words)

	Lesson 6
		Roots are an often overlooked part of plants primarily because they are hidden beneath the soil ('out of sight, out of mind').
		Roots can vary in size from the unbelievable 14 million root segments totaling 380 miles in length in an adult rye plant (a grass-like plant with a fibrous root system) to the unexpectedly shallow root system for some large trees.
		Since the main purpose of roots is to move throught the soil in search of water and minerals at a distance from the plant, primary growth (increase in length) is their most important growth process.
	www.4j.lane.edu /~whitley/botany/lessons/lesson06/botless6.html (1254 words)

	Carrots (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Root systems that consist mainly of a single large root are said to have a "tap root"; in contrast, those root systems that have many branches of similar size are said to have "fibrous roots".
		Flowering and fruiting often requires tremendous energy, and carrots store sugars in their roots during the first year of growth to make them readily available to be broken-down for energy when the flowers and fruits expand during the second year.
		They have a large tap root that functions as a storage structure and a highly reduced stem that consists of little more than photosynthetic leaves, at least during their first year of growth.
	www.wsu.edu /~wsherb/edpages/delicious/carrots.html (439 words)

	Herbal Encyclopedia - P
		The roots of the Male Paeony - the kind found wild on the island in the Severn - are composed of several oblong knobs, hanging by strings fastened to the main head.
		The tuberous roots are eaten by the natives.
		The tincture made from the dried root may be applied to relieve the aching of a decayed tooth, applied on cotton wool, or rubbed on the gums, and for this purpose may with advantage be mixed with camphorated chloroform.
	www.fortunecity.com /roswell/chaney/191/id116.htm (14829 words)

	Dec 6 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		From a morphological viewpoint, the upper part of the storage tap root, however, is hypocotyl, a transition tissue between the root and the stem.
		At the seedling stage, the tap root is a relatively poor sink for assimilates.
		Thickening of the tap root is the result of secondary root growth involving meristematic activity in the vascular cambium tissue.
	www.rec.udel.edu /veggie/kee/carrot.html (3633 words)

	Where Are Tree Roots? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Existence of a tap root appears to be dependent on the tree species, tree age, soil profile and whether the tree was grown in the field from seed or transplanted from a nursery container.
		At planting, tap roots of container-grown plants are often cut, causing initiation of lateral branch roots.
		During tree root growth trials in Florida and New Jersey, excavation of root systems revealed that tree roots grew beyond the branch drip line for all six species tested, but the lateral extent was species dependent.
	edis.ifas.ufl.edu /WO017 (638 words)

	BIO 5 GENERAL BIOLOGY
		All branch roots arise from the tap root.
		This type lacks a tap root and is comprised of roots that all arise from the base of the stem.
		The center of the root is the location of the vascular tissue, the xylem and the phloem.
	www.csus.edu /indiv/r/reihmanm/root_stem_leaf.htm (1035 words)

	[No title]
		The tap root system is found on most other plants like alfalfa and deciduous fruit trees.
		On roots, branches arise from an internal meristem, the pericycle, while on stems branches arise from lateral buds.
		The growing point of a root is protected by a root cap, whereas the terminal buds of stems have no such cap.
	www.calaged.org /ResourceFiles/Curriculum/advcluster/7201.txt (2389 words)

	Gardening : Other : Lowdown on Roots : Home & Garden Television
		The roots that perform this task are the tiny root tips and root hairs, which are constantly exploring new soil and mining it for all it's worth.
		Roots may not be pretty, but they are no less important than the flowers and foliage they feed.
		Carefully inspect the root system of container plants before buying them, and select only those plants with roots that appear to be healthy and in proportion to the top growth of the plant.
	hgtv.biz /hgtv/gl_soil_water_other/article/0,1785,HGTV_3635_1395976,00.html (1023 words)

	Mycorrhizal Citations
		In contrast, the tap root was scarcely colonized.
		On the Ist order lateral roots, regardless of the root length, it was evident that the frequency of the mycorrhizal colonies increased acropetally toward the root apex especially in the relatively aged roots that initiated on the proximal portion of tap root axis.
		In those lateral roots, the highest frequency of the mycorrhizal colony occurrence was recognized in the most apical part of the root, while many of relatively long colonies were found a little behind the root apex.
	mycorrhiza.ag.utk.edu /latest/1996/96_yano1.htm (239 words)

	Broom's Barn Plant Clinic - Diseases affecting sugar-beet roots
		The foliage is pale due nitrogen deficiency (caused by the damage to the root system) and often there are brown streaks running towards the tip of the tap root when it is cut open.
		Violet root rot is caused by a soil fungus, Helicobasidium brebissonii.
		Characteristically, it is a dark purple rot on the tap root surface.
	www.rothamsted.bbsrc.ac.uk /broom/clinic/rootdiseases.php (776 words)

	Tree Roots (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The roots of young seedling trees are often classified as to either having a tap root (most oaks, walnut, hickory) or having a fibrous root system (maples, ash, cottonwood).
		Roots growing in fertile, moist and well aerated soils will be more numerous, less extensive and closer to the trunk than roots in less desirable soil.
		Another way to view the root system is to consider that a seedling may have 2 to 6 feet of root length while the root system of a mature oak tree may be hundreds of miles in length.
	www.ag.iastate.edu /departments/forestry/ext/roots.html (919 words)

	ISUE - Tree Roots (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Roots usually begin to grow before the tree top does, although root growth is cyclic and responds to environmental changes such as soil depth, water supply, aeration, mineral supply, and temperature.
		Trees' root systems are made up of large, permanent roots (which mainly provide anchorage and transport), and many small, temporary feeder roots and root hairs.
		The type of roots formed initially is specific to a given species; with age the initial root form is often modified by the growing environment.
	www.extension.iastate.edu /pages/tree/roots.html (503 words)

	Mycorrhizal Citations
		In each root system, the tap root axis was divided into 10-mm sections, where lateral roots remained intact, to evaluate the difference in lateral root development along the tap root.
		As for the root number, the effect was promotive for the 1st order lateral roots but inhibitive for the 2nd order ones, and as for the individual root length, inhibitive for the former but was not detected for the latter.
		Our conclusion is that the inoculation caused changes in root system morphology of peanut through lateral root development on the tap root, where the responses were different between Ist and 2nd order lateral roots.
	mycorrhiza.ag.utk.edu /latest/1996/96_yano2.htm (234 words)

	Root Pruning Bare Root Seedlings for Bonsai
		By leaving all of the top, the roots will only open as many buds (which contain their own food) as can be sustained, probably through how much food and water can be pumped up the xylem by the diminished root system.
		After root pruning the long tap root, there is usually nothing left but a stub, no side roots whatsoever.
		Since I jam the end of the cut tap root into the bottom of the pot to get as much soil covered root tissue as possible, it is easy to pop them out of the pot and look at the new root growth.
	www.evergreengardenworks.com /rootprsd.htm (1372 words)

	Transcending the Mundane: Review of 'Gift' by Tap Root
		Though their CD was just released in June, Tap Root has already been called by some as one of "[t]he most promising new bands in America." They've been doing plenty of touring on their own and will also be on the OzzFest tour.
		Tap Root is at their Heavy Alternative best on tracks like 'Smile' and 'Again & Again' where the aggression is relentless, but you'll find something on almost every track to be interested in.
		The essence of Tap Root is the emotional vibes that emanate from lead vocalist Stephen Richards who snarls like a wolf in between lush, melodic vocals to create a unique sound.
	basementbar.com /CurrSelN1.asp?Page=Archive&ID=83 (466 words)

	Roots
		Tap roots are found in most trees and the carrot, parsnip, radish, beet, and dandelion.
		The roots contain a cap at their end that is replaced periodically as the root grows through the soil.
		Within the roots themselves are areas that store food and also tubes called xylem and phloem that take in water and minerals up to the leaves and to bring food manufactured in the leaves back down for nourishment and storage.
	www.mcwdn.org /Plants/Roots.html (214 words)

	Agricultural Research: Grenzwurzeln? It's just another word for basal roots
		When Zobel crossed a mutant tomato plant that had no lateral roots with one that had no adventitious roots, he should have gotten an offspring with only a tap root, according to the conventional wisdom that said only those three types of roots existed.
		Lateral roots, responsible for acquiring the lion's share of water and nutrients from the soil, are simply branches sprouting from other roots, Zobel notes.
		They found that uptake rates of potassium were similar for 7-day-old tap roots and 7-day-old basal roots at a point 4 centimeters from the tip.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3741/is_n8_v41/ai_14278376 (1571 words)

	Glossary of Gardening, Landscape, and Horticulture Terms for the Home Gardener
		A crop which is planted in the absence of the normal crop to control weeds and add humus to the soil when it is plowed in prior to regular planting.
		A method of propagation, by which a branch of a plant is rooted while still attached to the plant by securing it to the soil with a piece of wire or other means..
		The roots become entangled and matted together, and the growth of the plant becomes stunted.
	www.thegardenhelper.com /dictionary.html (2365 words)

	ArboristSite.com - Oak & Pecan Tree Root Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		This primarily concerns whether they both have deep tap roots and what is the effect on residential foundation structures.
		There was a portion of the tap root sticking out beyond the spades about 2' and the remainder had broken off in the ground.
		With 6' foot of tap root on the spade and who knows how much in the ground I'd have to guess that there was at least a 10' tap root.
	arborist.lawnsite.com /showthread.php?t=1322 (1350 words)

	09.09.97 - Going Nuts Over Roots
		Berkeley and Carnegie Institution scientists have found a mutation in plants that makes the tap root accumulate large amounts of oils, proteins and starch.
		Normally plants produce a primary or tap root that grows downward and lateral roots that grow outward, all of which provide nutrients and water-plus support-for the plant.
		Somerville also found that gibberellin-a common plant hormone required for germination of the seed and important also in further growth and development after germination-plays an important part in the tap root's switch from embryo to adult.
	www.berkeley.edu /news/berkeleyan/1997/0909/roots.html (1074 words)

	Taproot - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The dandelion's taproot, quite apparent in this drawing, renders this plant very difficult to uproot – the plant itself gives way, but the root stays in the ground and may sprout again.
		Many taproots are modified to become storage organs.
		napiform root : is broader than it is long, e.g.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tap_root (247 words)

	THE PLANT BOOK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		If the ends of a root did not have a protective cap the soft root materials would be shredded as they tried to grow between the grit particles in the soil.
		The root holds the rest of the plant in the soil.
		It is longer and thicker than the other roots and is called a tap root.
	www.curriculumvisions.com /UK/plant/plantp06/plantp06.html (568 words)

	.: The Bonsai Garden 2004, devoted to bonsai art and gardening - forum, RSS, gallery :.
		Tree is planted partially on a rock with the root involving part of the stone.
		The process of developing roots by peeling bark off a branch at width of and covering it with sphagnum moss.
		Part of the spread root formation of the tree that is visible.
	www.thebonsaigarden.com /terms.php?lang=EN (954 words)

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