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Topic: Tar (lute)

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	Tar (lute) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The tar is a long-necked, waisted lute found in Iran, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Armenia and other areas near the Caucasus region.
		However Tar was invented in the territories of, or influenced by, the Persian Empire: Persia (Iran), Afghanistan, parts of the former soviet republics, such as Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan.
		Tar is one of the most important classical Persian and Azerbaijani musical instruments.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tar_(lute) (255 words)

	Tar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Tar is one of the most ancient classical Iranian string instruments known for its highly original and traditional characteristics.
		It should be noted that tar is one of the most complete musical instruments.
		Iranians consider the tar the "sultan of instruments." Its present form was developed in 18th century and has been the choice of Persian classical masters since.
	www.tanbour.org /gallery/instruments/tar (192 words)

	tar -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		There are two types: hardwood tars, derived from such woods as oak and beech; and resinous tars, derived from pine wood, particularly from resinous stumps and roots.
		Oil recovered from tar sands is commonly referred to as synthetic crude and is a potentially significant form of fossil fuel.
		Much coal tar is produced by the steel industry as it produces millions of tons of coke each year to fuel the furnaces used in separating iron from its ores.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9071255 (807 words)

	Tar (disambiguation) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tar may refer to any one of several different topics, including:
		Tar is also a single-headed frame drum commonly used in Muslim countries.
		This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tar_(disambiguation) (96 words)

	[No title]
		A virtuoso of the tar and setar (long-necked lutes), he will perform extended improvisations from the classical Persian repertoire - music that is highly ornamental and noted for it's poetic and spiritual qualities.
		Maestro Lotfi's instruments, the tar and setar, are both members of the lute family.
		The tar, which derived from the Central Asian rebab, is known in Iran as the "king of instruments".
	www.geocities.com /darvaksd/lotfi_2005_press-release.htm (372 words)

	Introduction to Saz and other Middle Eastern Long-neck Lutes
		The tar is tuned at many pitch levels, but written Iranian music gives the standard rast kuk tunings as C G C, D G C, C F C, Eb G C and CF G C (the 3rd course is not in unison/octaves!) for Shur.
		Egyptian lute had a skin resonator and in many ways is similar to the Gimbri of Morocco, down to the round neck and method of attaching the neck to the body through a slit in the skin top.
		The tar is a major Iranian classical instrument with an extensive radif; one version was written down and published in 1963 in Tehran by Musa Ma'aruffi and consists of hundreds of pieces of music, both free rhythm and measured.
	larkinthemorning.com /article.asp?AI=47 (2254 words)

	PERCUweb: Documentation - Musiques du monde - Ghaval
		Its Persian version sometimes is called tar-e-shiraz (tar of Shiraz which is one of the most important cities of Persia and located in SW) and its Azerbaijani version is called tar-e-ghafghaz (tar of Caucasus).
		The word tar can be see in some other musical instruments such as ektar, dotar, setar, sitar, khoshtar and guitar.
		Not to be confused with Egyptian tar witch is a kind of frame drum.
	www.percuweb.ca /en/documentation/areas/middleeast/ghaval.html (832 words)

	Persian Traditional Music
		As mentioned the original tar is believed to have originated in Iran, similar instruments (in sound) such as the Kashghar, Rebab or Rewaf (in the Uigur language, in Turkestan), have similar sound, Although construction is clearly different.
		The tar body is constructed from mulberry or juniper wood; and the sound "board" is constructed of sturgeon skin, "same fish that caviar is from".
		Is the same as the tar strings, along with the use of the flattened and streched (and dried) animal intestines as frets (a practice still continuing, many modern instruments do have fishing line in use as the material for frets).
	www.museumofworldmusic.com /Ptm.html (3243 words)

	Welcome to Iran Embassy - South Africa (Culture and Art in Iran- Iranian Music ) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Tar and Se Tar This is the most popular musical instrument of Iran, which in Persian means string.
		Then there is the Se Tar, a three-stringed instrument of the same general shape that is plucked by the fingers.
		Ud (lute) and kamancha (spiked viol) were the most favorite instruments with addition of nay (flute) and daira (tambourine) as can be seen in a painting of Shah Safi court.
	www.iranembassy-sa.org.za /English/Music.htm (1220 words)

	Persian Musical Instruments: Tar Setar Barbat Kamancheh Gheychak Santoor Ghanoon Ney Tonbak Daf
		Tar, Setar, Barbat, Kamancheh, Gheychak, Santoor, Ghanoon, Ney, Tonbak and Daf
		The setar is the Persian long-necked lute and is made from thin mulberry wood and its fingerboard has twenty-five or twenty-six movable gut frets.
		The barbat is the ancestor of the European lute, and functions as a bass instrument.
	nasehpour.tripod.com /peyman/id47.html (1138 words)

	Musical Instruments for Traditional Storytelling
		The lutes used by bards are almost always long-necked, which hints at their cosmological significance.
		Thus, legend relates that Hermes made the first lyre from a turtle carapace; similarly, the first Arab lute was modeled after the body of a beloved male child; the Finnish culture hero Väinämöinen made the first zither, kantele, from the body of a giant pike; the Celts made their first legendary harp from whalebones.
		The oud is the Arabic lute, with six pairs of strings played with a plectrum, and looks quite similar to the European lute which derives from it.
	www.timsheppard.co.uk /story/dir/traditions/instruments.html (1677 words)

	The Auris Tar
		(Juspera grasps two strings of the lute between her fingers and plucks sharply, bringing forth a burst of sound that leaves a strong reverberating hum of two notes, sweet and rumblingly low in the air.)
		Juspera smiles softly and gazes out at the audience, settling into a simply plucked preamble on the lute, quiet enough to flow transparent below the sound of her voice.
		Juspera smiles fondly, lending the strings of her lute a light touch as she continues.
	zilal.byondhome.com /gs3/culture/gemtar.html (671 words)

	A Brief History of the Guitar
		He showed that the lute is a result of a separate line of development, sharing common ancestors with the guitar, but having had no influence on its evolution.
		The influence in the opposite direction is undeniable, however - the guitar's immediate forefathers were a major influence on the development of the fretted lute from the unfretted oud which the Moors took to Spain.
		A lute or oud is defined as a "short-necked instrument with many strings, a large pear-shaped body with highly vaulted back, and an elaborate, sharply angled peghead".
	www.guyguitars.com /eng/handbook/BriefHistory.html (1087 words)

	Augusta Georgia: sports@ugusta: Olson's praise of Tar Heels wasted gesture 3/30/97 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		We should have known from the way Lute Olson stroked Dean Smith and everything about his North Carolina program this week that the Arizona Wildcats had a little something up their sleeves.
		A day after their leader borrowed from Dick Vitale's lingo and called Smith ``the Michelangelo of college basketball,'' Lute's Dudes took a can of spray paint to the Mona Lisa.
		It was Olson, after all, who had waxed so eloquent about the Tar Heels and their half-court offense.
	chronicle.augusta.com /stories/033097/spo_heels.html (603 words)

	The World of Robin and Marion
		Anon: Quant froidure trait a fin / Domino quoniam (2 voices, vielle, bagpipe, tar, lute, organetto)
		Bernatchez: Ronde "Le Sentelle" (vielle, bagpipe, tar, lute, organetto)
		Bernatchez: Nota Domino quoniam (organetto, bagpipe, lute, vielle, tar)
	www.medieval.org /emfaq/cds/ana29816.htm (488 words)

	Ostad Elahi : Life : The Composer and Musician : Main Text
		Ostad Elahi was born in an environment where the practice of sacred music had been a part of daily life for centuries.
		From early childhood, he manifested an exceptional gift for music, particularly on the tanbour, a Kurdish lute that was the choice instrument of the tradition he inherited.
		At the age of twenty-four, Ostad settled in Tehran for some time and began studying classical Persian music (the tar, setar, and violin) with some of the greatest musicians of the time, notably Darvish Khân (1872-1926) and later Abolhasan Sabâ (1902-1957).
	www.ostadelahi.com /english/life/html/composer_musician.html (528 words)

	World Music Central - Tar
		It has a resonance chamber carved in an ";8"shaped block of solid walnut approximately 30x18x18cm, closed on the face with a stretched membrane (usually of sheep bladder) on which the bridge is pressed, much as in the banjo.
		The most interesting characteristic of today's Tar is that the fingerboard is fretted (using gut or nylon wire, as in the old lutes) so as to divide the octave in seventeen intervals, thereby giving the musician the possibility of using temperate or natural semitones, in order to perform traditional or western music.
		The Tar is played with a rather long plectrum and much in the flourishing style of the ";ud".
	www.worldmusiccentral.org /staticpages/index.php/tar.htm (324 words)

	Persian Tar
		Tar is a plucked stringed instrument (a long-necked lute) that is played in Iran (Persia), Caucasian countries (like Azerbaijan, Armenia and so on) and central Asia (like Tajikistan).
		It exists in two forms now, the Persian (that is named Tar-e-Shiraaz or Irani) and Caucasian (that is named Tar-e-Ghafghaaz).
		The Persian tar is carved from a block of mulberry wood and has a deep, curved body with two bulges shaped like a figure 8.
	nasehpour.tripod.com /parham/id1.html (177 words)

	Azerbaijan: Rast, Segah, Mahur, Chahargah, Nizli yar CD - C-560013
		Qasimov (voice), E. Mansurov(kamancha), M. Mansurov (tar) The kamancha (kamanche) is a Persian instrument that belongs to the violin family of instruments and while it is almost the size of a violin, it is held upright.
		A Tar is a lute type chordophone that is widespread in the Turkish/Azeri/Persian world.
		It has a resonance chamber carved in an "8" shaped block of solid walnut approximately 30x18x18cm, closed on the face with a stretched membrane (usually of sheep bladder) on which the bridge is pressed, much as in the banjo.
	www.worldmusicstore.com /index.asp?PageAction=VIEWPROD&ProdID=7604 (303 words)

	navbar_tarschool.gif (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The Tar is the result of the development of the ancient raba´b.
		The Tar is an exclusively Iranian and very original instrument.
		The Tar is characterized by its original form, incorporating a sound-box in two unequal parts,
	www.tarschool.com /About.htm (1572 words)

	Iranian Music: Ali Akbar Shahnazi
		His father, Mirza Hossein Gholi, the great master of tar named him Ali Akbar according to a very old tradition: the grandson should be named as his grandfather.
		His grandfather the Ali Akbar Khan of the Farahan village of the Arak city was a great master of tar.
		At the age of 18 after the demise of his father he was the responsible of his father's class and started teaching them.
	www.iranchamber.com /music/ashahnazi/aliakbar_shahnazi.php (323 words)

	middle eastern music: oud, ud or arabic lute
		The oldest known oud or lute was discovered by the Americans in the tomb of the famous Egytian musician, Harmosis, who lived around 1500 BC.
		In Ibn Khaldun (14th century), 'ud denoted the plectrum of the lute called barbat.
		The oud consists of a large soundbox connected to a short neck, distinguishing it from the long-necked lute family (tanbur, saz, baglâma, setar, tar).
	www.belly-dance.org /oud.html (368 words)

	Tar Heels stick loss on Cats (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		29, 2006 12:00 AM - Arizona coach Lute Olson had said that Saturday's game against North Carolina was a game in which his Wildcats and the Pac-10 Conference could send a message to those who thought the conference is down.
		It took an end-of-the-half, 8-0 run for the Tar Heels to separate themselves from Arizona with the biggest blow coming on Bobby Frasor's three-point shot at the buzzer to give North Carolina a 39-31 halftime lead.
		Arizona head coach Lute Olson covers his face after his team turned the ball over against North Carolina in the second half.
	www.azcentral.com /rsslinks/44290 (666 words)

	Three Tar Heels Among 10 Hall of Fame Finalists :: Jones, McAdoo, Worthy On Hall's List
		Former North Carolina Tar Heels Bobby Jones, Robert McAdoo and James Worthy are among 10 finalists under consideration for enshrinement into the Basketball Hall of Fame.
		The Tar Heels won the ACC regular-season and tournament titles and advanced to the NCAA Final Four.
		Worthy missed the second half of his freshman year with a broken ankle, but he came back to average 14.2 points per game and finish third in the ACC in rebounding as a sophomore.
	tarheelblue.collegesports.com /sports/m-baskbl/spec-rel/041200aaa.html (983 words)

	Apr. 27, 2005 at 7:02 AM
		It was a tar, a plucked instrument akin to the lute, with a long neck and two gourds joined together for the body.
		Different variants of the tar are played in Iran (Persia); Caucasian countries, including Armenia and Azerbaijan; and Central Asian states, including Tajikistan.
		I recognized a pipa, a Chinese traditional instrument resembling a large lute, which is also held vertically in the lap and played with finger picks like those used in playing guitar and banjo.
	www.violinist.com /blog/archive.cfm?article=2668 (754 words)

	Middle Eastern Stringed Insrtuments. Saz, Oud, Cumbus, Lute, Kunoon, Santoor, (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The oud is the Middle Eastern lute from which all European lutes evolved.
		Traditional pieced lute, back made of flamed maple, fine grained spruce face with carved rosette soundhole and traditional bent peghead.
		This size lute is not so difficult to play, especially if you already know a few things on a guitar.
	www.silverbushmusic.com /Mideaststrings.html (801 words)

	Scout.com: Tar Heels Bag Scout Honors
		If you’ve followed the progress that the University of North Carolina basketball team has made over the course of the season, it shouldn’t come as much of a surprise to you as to whom the Scout.com Coach and Freshman of the Year honorees are.
		Roy Williams’ Tar Heels have won 10 of their past 11 games and will go into the Atlantic Coast Conference Tournament this week as one of the nation’s hottest teams.
		Now the Tar Heels are something beyond “dark horse” candidates to be playing on the final weekend of the season.
	arizona.scout.com /2/506461.html (1134 words)

	Splendid E-zine reviews: Hamza El-Din
		Having inspired generations of music lovers and musicians alike since the 1960's, Nubian-born Hamza El-Din returns with his faithful oud (the Arab precursor to the lute) in one hand, and tar (a frame drum) in the other, to produce seven new Arabic-tinged tunes.
		Skillfully sophisticated yet still easily appreciated, El-Din's compositions apply the exotic styles of North African music with thoughtful storytelling, whisking you away to another world that is cushioned by soft rhythmic beats and tranquil notes that make your head swirl with giddy delight.
		A Wish is certainly an impressive album from a legendary musician who has stood the test of time, and keeps delivering masterful pieces that appeal to traditional world music afficionados as well as the curiously unacquainted.
	www.splendidezine.com /reviews/jun-14-99/hamza.html (199 words)

	Dancing in Indy: The Final Four is here!
		This task will be a tough one for Lute Olson and his squad but then again the boys from Arizona faced a tough task two weeks ago when they went up against All-American front liner Raef LaFrentz of Kansas and All-American guard Jacque Vaughn.
		The Tar Heels always are expected to be in the Final Four and have had a relatively simple time of advancing to the big dance.
		Overall, the task is too big for the Wildcats and the Tar Heels depth will overshadow the team from the valley of the sun.
	www.jhu.edu /~newslett/03-28-97/Sports/Dancing_in_Indy._The_Final_Four_is_here!.html (1018 words)

	IranMelody News
		One of the great masters of Persian classical music, on tour from Tehran, performs his virtuoso interpretations of the traditional repertoire on Persian lutes with percussion accompaniment by Majdid Khalodi on tombak and daf.
		Tar (plucked lute) maestro Hossein Alizadeh, revered for his brilliant improvisations, is one of the most important figures in Persian classical music today.
		In this program he will perform on tar and setar (long-necked lute) and will be accompanied by percussionist Madjid Khaladj on tombak and daf.
	www.iranmelody.com /info/news/index.cfm?I=17 (413 words)

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