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Topic: Tarawa Atoll

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	Atoll Research Programme (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Atoll research is the Marine Studies Programme's outreach to the USP's Atoll Countries Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Tuvalu and Nauru.
		Atoll Research shares facilities with the USP Tarawa Centre, and is located on the ocean-side of the Centre's property.
		Atoll Research is also working with the USP Tarawa Centre on the establishment of a garden designed to preserve traditional medicinal plants of atoll countries.
	www.sidsnet.org /pacific/usp/marine/Atoll.htm (375 words)

	Kiribati - Historical Tarawa
		Campbell was on Tarawa and I remember being impressed both by the manner in which everything in her department was done, and also by the degree of bravery displayed by an English woman in living at such a far distant and isolated place.
		Probably the results of the battle of Tarawa made the Japanese realise that they had no hope of South Sea Island domination, and their policy was to put up a hard fight at their other mid-Pacific bases in order to improve their prospects in case of a negotiated peace.
		Tarawa will ever be classed among the bloodiest battles of the war, an epic fight, one in which the gallantry, resource and determination of the marines carried the issue to victory.
	www.janesoceania.com /kiribati_historical_tarawa/index.htm (2365 words)

	Tarawa - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Tarawa, atoll of Kiribati, in the central Pacific Ocean.
		It is composed of a chain of coral islets with a total land area of 23 sq km (9 sq mi).
		- atoll in the west central Pacific Ocean and capital of Kiribati.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Tarawa.html (67 words)

	Tarawa - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		The administrative center of the atoll is Bairiki island.
		Tarawa is the site of a teacher's training college and a marine training school, as well as an international airport.
		Tarawa was occupied by the Japanese (1941-43) and fell to U.S. marines after a bloody battle.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-Tarawa.html (275 words)

	Kiribati Travel Tips - Gilbert Islands
		Narrow islets is somewhat characteristic of Kiribati atolls running E-W. Bikati and Bikatieta islets occupy a corner of the reef at the extreme northwest tip of the atoll, bordering what may be a second small lagoon to the north of the main lagoon.
		Tarawa is not a single town but a group of islands surrounded by a coral atoll, and apart from the south where causeways link the islets, you'll need a boat to navigate around the main features.
		Tarawa is one of the most densely populated areas in the Pacific, with a population density similar to Hong Kong's.
	www.southtravels.com /pacific/kiribati/traveltips/gilbertislands.html (2045 words)

	Official Website for the United States Marine Corps (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Tarawa was a brawl, the nastiest kind of close quarter fighting between two dedicated, relentless, and ruthless forces.
		Eventual success at the Battle of Tarawa made it appear to some that the amphibious doctrine was already "a firmly established doctrine" and was the reason the Americans succeeded in capturing Betio.
		The Battle of Tarawa revalidated the individual Marine and the Marine tradition, and it was these, which won the battle despite the failures and weaknesses of the amphibious doctrine and thus saved the doctrine from discredit.
	www.lejeune.usmc.mil /2dmardiv/32/tarawa.htm (5267 words)

	HyperWar: The Battle for Tarawa [Chapter : 1]
		Tarawa is one of the coral atolls which comprise the Gilbert Islands, an archipelago that sprawls across the equator between 174° and 178° east longitude.
		On the east side of the atoll there are 42 little islands, and on the south side 5; across the western side, connecting the two open ends of the reversed L-shaped atoll, lies the lee barrier reef which guards the lagoon enclosed by the atoll.
		Tarawa Atoll was raided by the Japanese Navy on 10 December 1941,
	www.ibiblio.org /hyperwar/USMC/USMC-M-Tarawa/USMC-M-Tarawa-1.html (5686 words)

	One Great Battle – Two Great Ships
		She is the U.S.S. Tarawa (LHA-1), an Amphibious Assault Ship, a new breed of vessel designed to swiftly carry Marines and their support equipment to the beach by air and water.
		In 1989, former crewmen of the first Tarawa vowed that the name of their ship and the Battle for which it was named would not be allowed to vanish into the fog of history.
		The centerpiece of the annual gatherings is a Memorial Service honoring the men who lost their lives at Tarawa, honoring the men and women of the namesake ships who died in the performance of their duty, honoring those who have answered the last muster since last we met.
	www.usstarawavets.org /TwoGreatShips.htm (372 words)

	Tarawa - The Aftermath (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The battle for Tarawa was a pivotal event in the Pacific Theater at the end of 1943.
		The Gilbert Islands were the south easternmost outposts of the Japanese Empire, and Betio Island of Tarawa Atoll had been transformed into the most heavily fortified base, yard-for-yard, of any in the Pacific.
		Tarawa served as a staging base for the next attack of the Central Pacific Drive toward Japan, the assault on the Marshall Islands.
	tarawatheaftermath.com (383 words)

	Tarawa - the Aftermath
		Tarawa - the Aftermath is the story of a tiny island, part of an atoll named Tarawa, in the middle of the Pacific Ocean.
		Betio is the southwesternmost island of the atoll, and it was the one chosen by the Japanese to heavily fortify during World War II.
		Tarawa - the Aftermath gives a thorough account of events leading up to those days, then picks up after the island was declared "secure." It tells the stories of the 6th Marines, who were given the job of chasing down the stragglers as they swept the rest of the atoll.
	www.tarawatheaftermath.com /book.html (712 words)

	Tarawa - Search Results - ninemsn Encarta
		Tarawa, atoll in the central Pacific Ocean, capital of Kiribati.
		Amphibious assault ships must be equipped to carry smaller landing craft to work inshore in shallow and confined waters; possess a flight deck...
		In 1995 resettlement from the over-populated main island of South Tarawa continued.
	au.encarta.msn.com /Tarawa.html (100 words)

	USS Tarawa (LHA 1) - Our history, mission, departments, news, photos, and personnel support pages
		The first USS Tarawa (CV-40) was one of the Navy's potent new 27,000 ton aircraft carriers and sister of the Essex, Shangri-La, and Princeton.
		Tarawa boasted improvements in design and equipment that set her apart from the other ships in her class.
		With a crew compliment of approximately 2,500 men, Tarawa carried 80 planes and was equipped to launch and land the first Naval-developed jet-propelled aircraft.
	www.tarawa.navy.mil /history/cv40.html (259 words)

	Kiribati Bibliography: Semantic Index
		Tarawa: honderd dagen in een reddingboot en op een koraaleiland.
		Bolton, Lesley A. The Intertidal Fauna of Southern Tarawa Atoll Lagoon, Republic of Kiribati.
		Zann, Leon P. The Marine Ecology of Betio Island, Tarawa Atoll, Republic of Kiribati.
	www.trussel.com /kir/s_tarawa.htm (1516 words)

	Battle of Tarawa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tarawa – Makin – Kwajalein – Truk – Eniwetok
		The Battle of Tarawa was a battle in the Pacific Theatre of World War II, largely fought from November 20-23, 1943.
		The lagoon of the atoll lies to the north and east, with the entire northern coast of the island in the shallow waters of the atoll, and the southern and western sides in deeper waters.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Tarawa (2327 words)

	Commercial sponge survey in kiribati and sponge farming development in the south pacific
		It was the authors understanding the atolls to be surveyed were located some distance away from Tarawa, the capital of Kiribati, and they were selected because sponges had been reported coming from several of them.
		In all of the atolls observed by the author in Kiribati, the bottom of each lagoon could be observed from the surface.
		The deepest spot observed during the entire survey was in one atoll and was approximately 80 feet in one small area.
	www.fao.org /docrep/005/AC897E/AC897E01.htm (4903 words)

	Building the Navy's Bases Online: Tarawa, in the Gilbert Islands
		Tarawa, a triangular-shaped atoll, is composed of a series of islands in a reef, covering 22 miles in length.
		Betio, lying at the southwest corner of the Tarawa atoll, measures roughly 2¼ miles in length by less than half a mile in width.
		The first echelons of the construction battalions scheduled for Tarawa, the 74th and 98th, arrived in the lagoon November 24, 1943, D-plus-4, and advance reconnaissance went ashore as soon as the islands were declared secure.
	www.microworks.net /pacific/bases/btnb_online/tarawa.htm (1826 words)

	Tarawa and Makin, Gilbert Islands November 1943
		Tarawa Atoll is a series of small islands in the Gilberts.
		Tarawa was far more heavily fortified than any island the Allies had encountered before; to attack it the growing strength of the United States Navy would mobilize a fleet of dozens of ships.
		At dusk the Americans had taken enough ground to ensure that Tarawa would be taken; the only question was the amount of blood.
	www.worldwar2database.com /html/tarawa.htm (767 words)

	Tarawa Atoll
		Tarawa Atoll – Tawara Atoll is located in the Gilbert Islands, south and slightly east of the Marshall Islands.
		Tarawa’s principal island of Betio was assaulted and captured by the Marine Corps in November of 1943 following three brutal days of fighting.
		Due to its location to the Japanese occupied islands of Ocean and Nauru to the southwest, its airfield became a base of operations in July 1945 for VMB-613 when reconnaissance and snooper flights to these islands became part of the Squadron’s patrol area.
	www.vmb-613.com /maps/tarawa_map.html (104 words)

	Agroforestry in the Pacific islands: systems for sustainability
		Although well-adapted to the atoll environment, its distribution seems to be directly related to the salinity of groundwater, being planted primarily in villages or their immediate vicinity, and occasionally along roadsides, particularly on the more protected lagoon side of the islands.
		In one village on Tarawa, with a population of 115 (22 families), Catala (1957, 64) counted 93 trees, all of which belonged to the person or household that planted them, even if the planter moved to another village.
		Guettarda speciosa, one of the main components of the atoll vegetation, is occasionally cultivated in village gardens and is particularly common in the centre of islets, where it is important in the formation of the fl topsoil mixed with leaf compost used in planting babai, pandanus trees, and other crops.
	www.unu.edu /unupress/unupbooks/80824e/80824E0g.htm (4530 words)

	Operation Galvanic (1): The Battle for Tarawa November 1943 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Tarawa lay some 2,500 miles (4,000km) southwest of Hawaii and 1,300 miles (2,100km) southeast of Truk (the principal Naval base in the outer ring of defences) in the Carolines.
		The force selected for the task of capturing Tarawa was the US 2nd Marine Division, that had fought alongside the 1st Marine Division on Guadalcanal and had been transported back to Wellington, New Zealand for rest and refit in March 1943.
		Colonel Raymond Murray's 2/6 hopped from island to island along the rest of the Tarawa atoll and finally fought a decisive engagement with the remaining Japanese on Buariki at which 175 Japanese were killed and the Marines suffered 91 casualties.
	www.historyofwar.org /articles/battles_tarawa.html (6136 words)

	Evan in the South Pacific: 1
		Tarawa atoll is the capital and home to 33,000 people.
		Atolls are at first barren, inhospitable places, but waves break down the coral a bit and soon the seeds of hardy plants like coconuts can take root.
		It's called a coral atoll for a reason and even though they waves aren't big they are breaking on hard, sharp coral.
	www.whereisevan.com /sp00-1.html (2313 words)

	HyperWar: The Battle for Tarawa [Chapter 6: Mission Completed]
		With the capture of Betio, three things remained to be done: (1) The capture of the rest of the islands in Tarawa atoll; (2) the capture of Apamama atoll; and (3) the capture of Abaiang, Marakei, and Maiana atolls.
		From Pearl Harbor the ship was to go to Tarawa, to cruise in that area prior to the landing on Betio in order to observe Japanese movements and positions, and to be available to rescue pilots of the attacking planes if any were shot down during the pre-D-day "softening-up" process.
		The cost of capturing Tarawa raised a storm of criticism in the United States when it was learned that the casualty figure amounted to roughly 3,000 killed, wounded, or missing in action.
	www.ibiblio.org /hyperwar/USMC/USMC-M-Tarawa/USMC-M-Tarawa-6.html (2532 words)

	Kiribati in 2002 ( )
		Thomas Gilbert sighted Tarawa in 1788 but the surrounding group of islands were given his name only in 1820.
		In 1892, the 16 Gilbert Islands became a British protectorate that was later extended to include the 8 Phoenix atolls to the east and the 9 Line Islands still further east.
		I had initially planned to reach Tarawa and Nauru from the atoll of Majuro in the nearby Marshall Islands but I decided against it when I realized how unreliable the shoestring Marshall Air could be.
	berclo.net /page02/02en-kiribati.html (714 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Tarawa
		Gilbert Islands GILBERT ISLANDS [Gilbert Islands] group of 16 islands, central Pacific, one of the island groups that form the Republic of Kiribati.
		The group includes Tarawa, Butaritari, Makin, Little Makin, Marakei, Abaiang, Maiana, Abemama, Kuria, and Aranuka in the north; Nonouti and Tabiteuea in the
		The general strategy is very ancient and was extensively employed by the Greeks, e.g., in the Athenian attack on Sicily in 415 BC The term is, however, of modern
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Tarawa (329 words)

	Operation Galvanic: Remembering Tarawa 60 Years Later (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		After 20 years of development, the assault on Betio Island in Tarawa Atoll against Japanese forces in 1943 demonstrated the first serious test case of large-scale amphibious assault against well-prepared enemy defenses since Gallipoli.
		An atoll consists of a ring-shaped coral reef made up of a number of small islands that enclose a lagoon surrounded by open sea.
		Most importantly, Tarawa proved that, despite the lessons of Gallipoli, amphibious assault in the modern era, though challenging, was possible.
	www.usna.com /News_Pubs/Publications/Shipmate/2003/11/Operation.htm (2882 words)

	HyperWar: The Battle for Tarawa [Appendix G: Brief History of the Gilbert Islands] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In the years that followed, many ships ran across the little islands and atolls of the Gilberts in the course of their travels in the central Pacific.
		The bulk of the education was provided by the missions, which maintained all the village schools and trained the native school teachers.
		Tarawa and Apamama were occupied in force by the Japanese in September 1942 and during the next year garrisons were built up on Betio (Tarawa Atoll), and Butaritari (Makin Atoll).
	www.ibiblio.org /hyperwar/USMC/USMC-M-Tarawa/USMC-M-Tarawa-G.html (634 words)

	Marine Corps News -> Tarawa Wreath-laying ceremony (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Honoring the servicemembers who stormed the beaches of Betio, the southernmost island in the Tarawa atoll, Nov. 20-23, 1943, one ceremony was held in the morning aboard ships of Tarawa ARG -- USS Tarawa (LHA-1), USS Duluth (LPD-6) and USS Anchorage (LSD-36) -- while another was held on Betio in the afternoon.
		Aboard USS Tarawa, the ship's crew and Marines formed around the ship's captain, 13th MEU(SOC)'s commander and the commander of Amphibious Squadron Five, all of whom spoke.
		It was hard for some to put together the romantic beauty of the atoll, the friendliness of its people and the calm of its surrounding water and then think of the savagery and hell the 76-hour battle was.
	www.usmc.mil /marinelink/mcn2000.nsf/lookupstoryref/200091155910 (1344 words)

	Tarawa - Republic Of Kiribati
		Tarawa is not a single town but a group of islets surrounded by a coral atoll, and apart from the south where causeways link the islets, one will need a boat to navigate around the main features.
		The International Airport is on Bonriki in the southeast corner; the main hospital, Nawerewere, is located at Bikenibeu.
		Tarawa is one of the most densely populated areas in the Pacific, and it is estimated that by the year 2010, it could have a similar population density to Hong Kong!
	www.janeresture.com /tarawa/index.htm (258 words)

	Japanese Forces in the Gilbert and Nauru Islands, Stan Jersey
		This phase was characterized by a gradual increase in strength of the garrison, by expansion of the occupied area to include Tarawa and Apamama Atolls and by a change the strategic character of the occupation from that of a lookout post to a fortified station.
		Makin Atoll, one degree south of the boundary of the Japanese Mandated Islands, offered the advantage of being located about 270 statue miles from the farther to the southeast than Jaluit, the most important seaplane base in the lower Marshalls.
		Particularly on Tarawa, the Japanese troops at one time pressed the enemy back to the narrow beaches and took a heavy toll of their forces, but finally were compelled to retreat.
	www.tarawaontheweb.org /stanjersy1.htm (7312 words)

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