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Topic: Tashelhiyt language

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	Tashelhiyt language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tashelhiyt (also Tashelhit or Shilha, native name: tašlḥiyt, French: tachelhit or chleuh, Arabic: تشلحيت) is the largest Berber language of Morocco both by number of speakers (between 8 and 10 million) and by the extent of its area.
		Tashelhiyt is spoken in Southern Morocco an area ranging from the northern slopes of the High-Atlas to the southern slopes of the Anti-Atlas, bounded to the west by the Atlantic Ocean.
		Tashelhiyt nouns come in two cases, commonly called état libre (EL) and état d'annexion (EA), that are marked by prefixes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tashelhiyt (2399 words)

	BERBER LANGUAGES : Encyclopedia Entry
		Etymologically, it means "language of the free" or "of the noblemen." Traditionally, the term "tamazight" (in various forms: "thamazighth", "tamasheq", "tamajeq", "tamahaq") was used by many Berber groups to refer to the language they spoke, including the Middle Atlas, the Rif, Sened in Tunisia, and the Tuareg.
		The Berber languages have two cases of the noun, organized ergatively: one is unmarked, while the other serves for the subject of a transitive verb and the object of a preposition, among other contexts.
		Subclassification of the Berber languages is made difficult by their mutual closeness; Maarten Kossmann (1999) describes it as two dialect continua, Northern Berber and Tuareg, and a few peripheral languages, spoken in isolated pockets largely surrounded by Arabic, that fall outside these continua, namely Zenaga and the Libyan and Egyptian varieties.
	bahairesearch.com /LookUpDefinitions/Berber_languages (2002 words)

	Berber languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The '''Berber languages''' (or Tamazight) are a group of closely related [[language]]s mainly spoken in [[Morocco]] and [[Algeria]].
		Around the turn of the century, it was reported that the Zenata of the Rif called their language "Zenatia" specifically to distinguish it from the "Tamazight" spoken by the rest of the Rif.One group, the [[Linguasphere Observatory]], has attempted to introduce the [[neologism]] "Tamazic languages" to refer to the Berber languages.
		Tamazight (the Berber language/s) is a member of the [[Afro-Asiatic languagesAfro-Asiatic language family]] (formerly called Hamito-Semitic.) Traditional genealogists often considered the Berbers as [[Arab]]s that immigrated from [[Yemen]]; for this reason, some considered Tamazight to derive from [[Arabic languageArabic]].
	berberlanguages.quickseek.com (1543 words)

	Atlas languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Atlas languages, or more exactly Moroccan Atlas languages, are a subgroup of the Northern Berber languages spoken in the Atlas Mountains of Morocco.
		and, according to some authorities, Senhaja de Srair language.
		This page was last modified 14:33, 26 March 2006.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Atlas_languages (69 words)

	Tashelhiyt language Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Tashelhiyt is spoken in an area ranging from the northern slopes of the High-Atlas to the southern slopes of the Anti-Atlas, bounded to the west by the Atlantic Ocean.
		For the history of the French language, the most important of these groups are the Franks in northern France, the Alemanni in the German/French border, the Burgundians in the Rhone valley and the Visigoths in the Aquitaine region and Spain.
		The earliest extant text in French is the Oaths of Strasbourg from 842; Old French became a literary language with the chansons de geste that told tales of the paladins of Charlemagne and the heroes of the Crusades.
	national.football.league.en.ogarnij.info /en/Tashelhiyt+language (10945 words)

	:::► Dictionary of Meaning www.mauspfeil.net ◄:::
		Tarifit is a Berber languages Berber language, belonging to the Zenati languages Zenati subgroup of Northern Berber languages Northern Berber, and possibly the List of Rif languages Rif subgroup of Zenati.
		Tarifits most noticeable differences from other Berber languages are that: * /l/ becomes /r/ as in ''ul'' (heart) -> ''ur'' * /r/ after a vowel but not followed by a vowel is dropped, as in ''taddart'' (house/home) -> ''taddat''.
		This change, characteristic of Zenati languages Zenati Berber varieties, further distances Tarifit from neighbouring dialects such as Atlas-Tamazight and Tashelhiyt language Tashelhiyt.
	www.mauspfeil.net /Tarifit_language.html (455 words)

	BERBERS : Encyclopedia Entry
		Their languages, the Berber languages, form a branch of the Afroasiatic linguistic family comprising many closely related varieties, including Taqbaylit and Tashelhiyt, with a total of roughly 14-25 million speakers.
		A frequently used generic name for all berber languages is Tamazight, not to be confused with the language found in the High and Middle Atlas.
		Linguists and population geneticists alike have identified this culture as a probable period for the spread of an Afro-Asiatic language (ancestral to the modern Berber languages) to the area.
	bahairesearch.com /LookUpDefinitions/Berbers (3863 words)

	Emazighen.com / Versatility of brain's language centres
		The "whistle language", Silbo Gomero, is a substitute for Spanish.
		The findings add to similar research that has found the brain’s language centres are active in response to sign language in deaf people, which shows the brain’s versatility in adapting to different modes of communication.
		Language recognition When whistlers listened to Silbo sentences, parts of the left side of the brain linked to language production and comprehension were activated.
	www.emazighen.com /article.php3?id_article=82 (359 words)

	Morocco Encyclopedia Article @ NaturalResearch.org (Natural Research) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Many theorists believe the Berber language probably arrived at roughly the same time as agriculture (see Berber), and was adopted by the existing population as well as the immigrants that brought it.
		Approximately 12 million (40% of the population), mostly in rural areas, speak Berber --which exists in Morocco in three different dialects (Tarifit, Tashelhiyt, and Tamazight)-- either as a first language or bilingually with the spoken Arabic dialect.
		French, which remains Morocco's unofficial second language, is taught universally and still serves as Morocco's primary language of commerce and economics.
	www.naturalresearch.org /encyclopedia/Morocco (2736 words)

	Berber Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Their languages, the Berber languages, form a branch of the Afroasiatic linguistic family comprising many closely related varieties, including Kabyle, Tashelhiyt, and Central Atlas Tamazight, with a total of roughly 14-25 million speakers.
		Linguists and population geneticists alike have identified this culture as a probable period for the spread of an Afroasiatic language (ancestral to the modern Berber languages) to the area.
		In Nubia, straddling Egypt and Sudan, a significant population retains the Nubian language.
	madcoil.en.ogarnij.info /en/Berber (9805 words)

	Stafleden - Stroomer
		Harry Stroomer (Alkmaar, 1946) studied Semitic languages with Arabic as a major and Amharic, Classical Ethiopic and Pre-islamic (North Arabian and Old South Arabian) epigraphy as minors at Leiden University, and General Linguistics as a major at Amsterdam University.
		He studied languages in the Semitic, Cushitic and Berber group of the Afroasiatic language family.
		An anthology of Tashelhiyt Berber Folktales (South Morocco), Köppe Verlag, Köln 2001.
	www.tcmo.leidenuniv.nl /index.php3?c=209 (567 words)

	Tarifit language - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Tarifit is a Northern Berber language of the Zenati subgroup, spoken mainly in the Moroccan Rif by about 2 million people.
		Tarifit is a Berber language, belonging to the Zenati subgroup of Northern Berber, and possibly the Rif subgroup of Zenati.
		Tarifit is spoken mainly in the Moroccan Rif by about 2 million people, with a few speakers across the border in Algeria.
	www.israelgrid.com /mediawiki/index.php/Tarifit (336 words)

	Chaouia Language (chaouia language resources) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		SIL International is a worldwide non-profit, faith-based organization with the main purpose to study, develop and document lesser-known languages for the purpose of expanding linguistic knowledge, promoting world literacy and aiding minority language development.
		SIL also attributes separate language status to "Yinglish", an English vernacular spoken by some Jewish Americans which is to some degree influenced by the Yiddish and Hebrew languages.
		The Zenati languages include 12 (SIL estimate) languages and dialects spoken in Africa and western Asia; this language group is a part of the Northern Berber language family.
	chaouia.language.en.xanax-buy.be (4233 words)

	Leiden University (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Tashelhiyt Berber is spoken in the High Atlas, the Anti Atlas, the Sous plains, and in major cities (Casablanca, Rabat) of Morocco).
		In the Netherlands the estimated number of speakers of Tashelhiyt-Berber is 20.000 to 30.000 out of a total of 300.000 Dutch citizens of Moroccan origin.
		Tashelhiyt Berber is known for its rich oral literature and for its rich traditional material culture.
	www.let.leidenuniv.nl /talengids/english/tachelhiyt2.htm (119 words)

	Berber languages Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		A language is a system of symbols, generally known as lexemes and the rules by which they are manipulated.
		Though language is commonly used for communication, it is not synonymous with it.
		One should be careful about the underlying classification principle for groups of languages which have apparently a geographical name: besides areal linguistic units, the taxa of the genetic classification (language families) are often given names which themselves or parts of which refer to geographical areas.
	desert.en.ogarnij.info /en/Berber+languages (10021 words)

	Zenaga language Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Zenaga is a Berber language spoken by some 200 to 300 people between Mederdra and the Atlantic coast in southern Mauritania.
		The language seems to be going extinct since its speakers do not teach it to their children.
		Educated in French language and customs, many of these recent arrivals became clerks, soldiers, and administrators in the new state.
	bear.en.ogarnij.info /en/Zenaga+language (9674 words)

	Kabyle language Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		However, other terms were used by other groups; for instance, many parts of western Algeria called their language "taznatit" or Zenati, while the Kabyles called theirs "thaqvaylith", the inhabitants of Siwa "tasiwit", and the Zenaga "Tuddhungiya"[http://www.rosettaproject.org/live/search/showpages?ethnocode=ZEN&doctype=detail&version=0&scale=six].
		Tamazight (the Berber language/s) is a member of the Afro-Asiatic language family (formerly called Hamito-Semitic.) Traditional genealogists often considered the Berbers as Arabs that immigrated from Yemen; for this reason, some considered Tamazight to derive from Arabic.
		- Zenaga language There is so little data available on Guanche that any classification is necessarily uncertain; however, it is almost universally acknowledged as Berber on the basis of the surviving glosses.
	bear.en.ogarnij.info /en/Kabyle+language (2507 words)

	Stroomer
		At the First Conference on Berber languages and linguistics, organised by the Department of African Linguistics in Bayreuth, Germany, I spoke about two projects at Leiden University concerning Tashelhiyt Berber, the language of the High Atlas, the Anti-Atlas and the Sous in South Morocco.
		Finally I collected, with the help of informants in The Netherlands, data from Tashelhiyt speaking regions that are not well-represented in the materials mentionned.
		Project 2 is an NWO (the national organisation for scientific research in the Netherlands) financed project entitled: A catalogue of Tashelhiyt berber manuscripts at Leiden University Library.
	www.uni-bayreuth.de /afrikanistik/birlib/comptes_rendus/vortrag01/stroomer.html (894 words)

	Leiden University
		Tashelhiyt Berber is spoken in the south of Morocco by about 8-9 million people, which makes it the world's largest Berber language.
		The course introduces the grammar of Tashelhiyt Berber with the help of a book.
		The course is taught every year (when enough students register for it).
	www.let.leidenuniv.nl /talengids/english/tachelhiyt.htm (105 words)

	Berber Languages - Berber languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Searching for Berber languages information can be tough.
		We have compiled many new Berber languages resources to help you find the Berber languages your looking for.
		Find berber languages and more at Lycos Search.
	cancun-hotel.fact-about.be /Tunisia/Berber_languages (78 words)

	Web resources for Berber languages
		There are at least 6 Berber languages, all of which are spoken in northern and western Africa (cfr Wolff 1981):
		To this, we can add at least two extinct Berber languages:
		Types of language spread and their archaeological correlates: the example of Berber (PDF).
	goto.glocalnet.net /maho/webresources/berber.html (529 words)

	Category:languages Of Morocco - Category:Languages of Morocco (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Find category languages of morocco and more at Lycos Search.
		Read about category languages of morocco in the free online encyclopedia and dictionary.
		Find category languages of morocco at one of the best sites the Internet has to offer!
	germany.information-please.be /Spanish_language/Category:Languages_of_Morocco (96 words)

	Berber - Berber (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Then, since a significant number speak Berber as their mother tongue, why shouldn't Berber be an official language of Spain, like Catalan or Basque?
		This would have been for the first time Berber had been adopted as an official...
		In case you ever wondered where in Libya Berber languages are spoken, check out this map at Tawalt.
	dansko.all-the-details.be /Libya/Berber (453 words)

	Languages Of Algeria - Languages Of Algeria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Searching for Languages Of Algeria information can be tough.
		We have compiled many new Languages Of Algeria resources to help you find the Languages Of Algeria your looking for.
		Be sure to bookmark this Languages Of Algeria site today!
	diffarreatione.bloggerscape.com /Algeria/Languages_of_Algeria (48 words)

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