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Topic: Taxol

	Taxol and the Yew Tree
		Taxol is a new anticancer drug that is isolated from taxine, a complex of alkaloids, a natural toxin that causes poisoning by being rapidly absorbed from the digestive tract and interferes with heart action (Feldman et al, 1987).
		Taxol inhibits this by binding to a protein called tubulin in cells resulting in the formation of stable, non-functional microtubule bundles (Crown et al, 2000).
		Taxol, when used on its own, produced a response in up to 60% of patients with breast cancer (Reichman et al, 1993) and had some effect against ovarian cancer (ten Bokkel Huinink et al, 1997).
	www.portfolio.mvm.ed.ac.uk /studentwebs/session2/group13/taxol.html (579 words)

	Taxol
		Taxol is in a class of drugs known as taxanes.
		Taxol has been used to treat head and neck cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, and bladder cancer.
		Taxol may cause changes in the way that your liver works, which return to normal when the treatment is finished.
	www.cancer-symptoms.org /cancer-drugs.htm/taxol.htm (873 words)

	Taxol (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Taxol is one of the newer chemotherapy drugs, and has been around, and in use for some years.
		Taxol is a white powder and when prepared for use becomes a clear, colorless liquid which is given by intravenous route only.
		Dose of Taxol should be reduced in patients with liver dysfunction or massive liver metastasis.
	www.tirgan.com /taxol.htm (235 words)

	Taxol
		Taxol, first discovered in the bark of the Pacific yew 30 years ago, holds great promise as a treatment for various forms of cancer.
		Pursuing taxol seemed worthwhile only to one or two people in the NCI who were prepared to associate their careers with it and enrol the interests of others in the organization.
		In 1989 a clinical oncology team at Johns Hopkins University announced that taxol was active against refractory ovarian cancer, and at the end of 1991 a team at the MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston reported excellent response rates to taxol in metastatic breast cancer patients.
	www.ul.ie /~childsp/CinA/Issue62/TOC12_Taxol.htm (1707 words)

	Taxol Information from Drugs.com
		Taxol should only be administered under the supervision of a qualified healthcare provider experienced in the use of cancer chemotherapeutic agents.
		Taxol interferes with the growth of cancer cells and slows their growth and spread in the body.
		Taxol is in the FDA pregnancy category D. This means that Taxol is known to be harmful to an unborn baby.
	www.drugs.com /taxol.html (1041 words)

	Office of Research: Research In Review: A Tale of Taxol
		Taxol was essentially impotent against the lung cancer cells, but its performance against B16, a melanoma tumor, vaulted it just over the bar—barely good enough to keep it alive as a candidate for further testing.
		And the pitiful amount of Taxol the trees produced approached the impossible—technicians did well to coax a half a gram of Taxol from the bark of a 40-foot specimen, a tree that easily could be 200 years old.
		Taxol's castor-oil carrier was suspected as the culprit behind much of the misery, which included nausea, vomiting, joint pain, appetite loss, brittle hair and tingling sensations in hands and feet.
	www.research.fsu.edu /researchr/fall2002/taxol.html (10973 words)

	About Taxol (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Taxol, or paclitaxel, is a drug used for treating certain women who have advanced breast or ovarian cancer.
		In April of 1994, the FDA approved Taxol for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer that did not respond to combination chemotherapy, or breast cancer that had recurred within 6 months after the completion of initial chemotherapy.
		Taxol is given as an infusion drip into the vein.
	www.montefiore.org /healthlibrary/adult/breast/taxol (208 words)

	Taxol Pioneer Calls for Greater Emphasis on Natural Products Research - RTI International
		Taxol was approved in 1992 for treatment of ovarian cancer and subsequently was approved for treatment of several other types of malignancies, including breast, lung, and prostate cancer.
		That Taxol slows the spread of Alzheimer’s disease, its most recent finding, was reported in January by scientists at the University of Pennsylvania in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
		Taxol (a word coined by RTI's Monroe E. Wall) is a registered trademark of Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. Camptothecin is a trademark of RTI.
	www.rti.org /page.cfm?nav=534&objectid=9BB6E900-3E77-4CEC-9EB6321166A3E61C (857 words)

	FDA Approves Shorter Regimen For Cancer Drug Taxol (Paclitaxel)
		Taxol is also approved for use in advanced ovarian cancer at 135 mg/m2 over a 24-hour infusion period given in combination with cisplatin (75 mg/m2) every three weeks.
		Taxol should not be given to patients with a history of allergic reactions to Taxol or other drugs formulated with Cremaphor El (polyoxyethylated castor oil).
		These results confirm that the short infusion of Taxol, in a cisplatin-based regimen, is a viable alternative in the modern treatment of ovarian cancer and that this short infusion developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb offers patients another option in receiving therapy that is significantly superior in efficacy to the standard therapy.
	www.docguide.com /dg.nsf/PrintPrint/82BBFD27B8C32F178525691900491921 (868 words)

	CNN - FDA approves Taxol to treat early-stage breast cancer - October 27, 1999
		Studies following women for 30 months have shown when Taxol is combined with surgery to remove the tumor and standard chemotherapy, there was a 26 percent reduction in death and at 22 percent reduction in disease recurrence.
		Scientists say Taxol is the first drug in 20 years to improve the odds for early stage breast cancer.
		Taxol, which was originally isolated from the Pacific Yew Tree is produced by Bristol Myers Squibb.
	www.cnn.com /HEALTH/cancer/9910/27/taxol.approval/index.html (345 words)

	A NEW TYPE OF CHEMOTHERAPY - TAXOL
		Taxol, chemically known as paclitaxel, is a drug from a family known as Taxane.
		Taxol can cause damage to peripheral nerves or those nerves in the arms and legs - around the hands and feet - with diminished sensation in those areas.
		Taxol can also cause an effect on the heart but this is felt to be modest in result.
	www.virtualtrials.com /btlinks/charticle1.html (491 words)

	O=CHem Taxol
		The concentration of taxol in the the Pacific yew is approximately 100 mg per kilogram of bark (0.01%).
		While the preparation of taxol from a precursor such as 10-deacetylbaccatin III has obvious commercial advantages, synthetic organic chemists focus on the synthesis of such targets from simpler molecules.
		While the mechanism of taxol's cytotoxicity is fairly well understood, it is not clear what the minimum structural features of the molecule are that will still prevent cell division.
	www.usm.maine.edu /~newton/Chy251_253/Lectures/NaturalProducts/Taxol.html (1045 words)

	Imaginis - FDA approves Taxol for early breast cancer treatment
		Taxol has been approved to treat early breast cancer in patients who have received doxorubicin-based chemotherapy.
		Adjuvant therapies (chemotherapy, hormone treatment, radiation, etc.) are often used alone or in conjunction with other breast cancer treatments to prevent cancer from spreading to other parts of the body.
		In addition to treating early breast cancer, Taxol is used to effectively treat advanced stages of the disease.
	www.imaginis.com /breasthealth/news/news11.10.99.asp (644 words)

	Taxol Combination Therapy Highly Active for Advanced Ovarian Cancer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Another study of TAXOL and carboplatin used in combination as a first-line treatment for advanced ovarian cancer, conducted at S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy, while still underway, shows a response rate of 84% among 12 evaluable patients.
		The most common side effects associated with TAXOL are a reduction in white blood cell count (myelosuppression) and hair loss.
		Results from more than 150 clinical studies in which TAXOL was used to treat a range of tumor types were presented at ASCO this year.
	www.pslgroup.com /dg/8e62.htm (948 words)

	taxol
		Later on it was discovered that the solvent used for the delivery of taxol was the ingredient causing the allergic reactions and not taxol itself.
		Finally, by 1992, the FDA approved taxol to be used in patients for whom the first-line treatment of carcinoma of the ovary failed.
		There is also the chance of taxol being used in the treatment for non-small cell lung cancer, one of the most deadly diseases among smokers.
	www.botanical-online.com /taxol.htm (838 words)

	Montana Anti-Cancer Discovery Sublicensed To Major Drug Manufacturer
		Taxol is Bristol-Myers' brand name for paclitaxel, the drug's active ingredient that comes from the bark and needles of yew trees.
		Taxol is federally approved for treating breast and ovarian cancers.
		Taxol is the company's second-largest product, reaping almost $941 million in sales worldwide last year, according to Forbes Magazine.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/1998-06/MSU-MADS-180698.php (633 words)

	Taxol (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Taxol is actually a naturally occuring substance in the slow growing evergreen YEW tree.
		Taxol effect: bizarre mitotic figures (abnormal spindle asters) in a malignant peritoneal effusion: report of a case.
		Taxol (Paclitaxol) is a diterpenoid taxane derivative found in the bark and needles of the Western yew, Taxus brevifolia, indigenous to the old growth forests of the Pacific Northwest.
	www.cancer-info.com /taxol.htm (816 words)

	Molecule of the Month: TAXOL
		"Taxol" is used in these pages to refer to the drug that now has the generic name "paclitaxel", and the registered tradename "Taxol ®" (Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New York.
		Renewed interest in taxol led to major problems, since many groups wished to conduct clinical trials, and so large quantities of this material were required.
		Taxol represents an enormous challenge to the ingenuity and creativity of the synthetic organic chemist.
	www.chm.bris.ac.uk /motm/taxol/taxol2.htm (786 words)

	Taxol Online, Description, Chemistry, Ingredients, Blackbox - Paclitaxel - RxList Monographs
		TAXOL therapy should not be given to patients with solid tumors who have baseline neutrophil counts of less than 1,500 cells/mm
		TAXOL is available in 30 mg (5 mL), 100 mg (16.7 mL), and 300 mg (50 mL) multidose vials.
		TAXOL is obtained via a semi-synthetic process from Taxus baccata.
	www.rxlist.com /cgi/generic/paclitaxel.htm (388 words)

	First Images of Taxol Binding Site Produced at LBL
		Taxol is a natural substance found only in the bark of the Pacific yew tree (the name "taxol" has been trademarked by Bristol-Myers-Squibb).
		Chemically synthesized last year, taxol has been shown in clinical tests to be an effective treatment for a number of cancers including ovarian, breast, and lung.
		The LBL images indicate that taxol attaches itself at the junction where tubulin protofilaments are linked, affecting their interaction and locking them into a fixed position.
	www.lbl.gov /Science-Articles/Archive/taxol-site.html (798 words)

	Hughes Science Pipeline Project at Barnard
		Taxol has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of ovarian, breast and lung carcinomas.
		Taxol acts in the tubulin/microtubule system, specifically to hyperstabilize microtubules thereby protecting them from the destabilizing effects of Ca++ and cold and inhibiting cell division.
		All three compounds, like Taxol, enhance the assembly of stable microtubules in the absence of GTP that is normally required for in vitro tubulin assembly.
	www.barnard.edu /hspp/ws_99BandAbs.htm (609 words)

	Paclitaxel (Taxol) : Cancerbackup
		This is due to the effect of Taxol on nerves and is known as peripheral neuropathy.
		You will be given steroid tablets (usually dexamethasone) to take before the Taxol to reduce the chance of an allergic reaction.
		While Taxol is being given, it can cause pain at the place where the injection is given, or along the vein.
	www.cancerbacup.org.uk /info/taxol.htm (1336 words)

	Story of Taxol
		While taxol was a novel compound, related compounds had been previously obtained from other yew species, though none had been shown to have anticancer activity.
		Animal tests had indicated that taxol might be useful against cancers such as breast, and once the limited supplies of taxol permitted, studies in human cancer patients were begun at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, and at Albert Einstein in New York.
		Taxol has also been found to be useful in therapy of breast cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer, and Kaposi's sarcoma.
	www.phcog.org /Taxus/Taxus_Web.html (839 words)

	Taxol Patient, Information, Instructions - Paclitaxel - RxList Monographs
		In addition, TAXOL should not be given to patients with dangerously low white blood cell counts.
		Most patients taking TAXOL will experience side effects, although it is not always possible to tell whether such effects are caused by TAXOL, another medicine they may be taking, or the cancer itself.
		Because studies have shown TAXOL to be present in the breast milk of animals receiving the drug, it may be present in human breast milk as well.
	www.rxlist.com /cgi/generic/paclitaxel_pi.htm (1325 words)

	Cancer Forums - Breast Cancer Forum - Taxol/hives
		He said it was a reaction to the Taxol and would take four to five days to resolve./ I am worried about the next dose and if I am going to have more of a reaction.
		I can't be of any help to you since I had FEC and all I know about Taxol is what others have told me. I just wanted to tell you I was thinking of you and pray that the next round goes smoother for you.
		I took Taxol in 2000, and at that time I was given 12 weeks worth of it.
	www.cancerforums.net /post-2321.html (819 words)

	Senator Ron Wyden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		In the case of Taxol, which by 2001 had become the best-selling cancer drug in history, NIH failed to require evidence of affordable pricing from the drug’s private-sector manufacturer and settled for one-half of one percent return in the form of royalties.
		In its response to the GAO report, NIH said it did ask for evidence that Taxol would be reasonably priced, even though their agreement with BMS did not require it.
		Taxol, is primarily used to treat advanced ovarian and breast cancer, certain lung cancers and AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma.
	wyden.senate.gov /media/2003/06062003_taxol.html (650 words)

	Treatment IND/Group C -- Taxol for Ovarian Cancer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Taxol has many of the side effects seen with other cancer therapies, such as hair loss, decrease in white blood cells -- which may cause susceptibility to infections -- and numbness of the fingers and toes.
		Although taxol is quite toxic (as are most other cancer chemotherapy drugs), its risks are outweighed by potential benefits for patients who have failed to respond to alternative treatments.
		Currently, taxol is derived from the bark of the Pacific yew tree.
	www.fda.gov /bbs/topics/ANSWERS/ANS00409.html (479 words)

	ACS :: Taxol Settlement Authorizes Payments to Patients
		Cancer patients treated with Taxol (paclitaxel) could be reimbursed for some costs of their treatment under a legal settlement between the states and drug manufacturer Bristol-Myers Squibb.
		Cancer patients treated with the chemotherapy drug Taxol (paclitaxel) could be reimbursed for some costs of their treatment under a legal settlement reached Thursday between the states and drug manufacturer Bristol-Myers Squibb.
		Paclitaxel, marketed as Taxol or Onxol, is an intravenous chemotherapy drug commonly used to treat breast cancer and ovarian cancer, and sometimes used against lung cancer and Kaposi's sarcoma.
	www.cancer.org /docroot/NWS/content/NWS_2_1x_Taxol_Settlement_Authorizes_Payments_to_Patients.asp (567 words)

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