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Topic: Taxon

	Taxon
		A taxon or taxonomic unit is a grouping of organisms into a larger hierarchical group than the individual — family, order, kingdom, etc. in such a way that each organism is grouped together with its closest evolutionary relatives.
		When the taxon is named properly with a Latin name, it is also given a place in the relational-hierarchy of a taxonomic system.
		A taxon will be a member of one of the following levels of classifications: Kingdom, Phylum or Division, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species, Subspecies.
	www.iscid.org /encyclopedia/Taxon (197 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Taxon
		enigmatic taxon A genus or higher taxon of restricted diversity, comprising only one or a few species with affinities that are poorly understood.
		For each taxon of the group being analysed, character states are ordered by their polarity, to find which taxa are united by most derived states.
		The adaptive specialization that fits the taxon to its environment, and hence the adaptive zone, may be narrow (as with the giant panda, which eats only certain types of bamboo...
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Taxon (776 words)

	NPWRC :: The Cranes
		A taxon is Extinct in the wild when it is known only to survive in cultivation, in captivity or as a naturalised population (or populations) well outside the past range.
		A taxon is presumed extinct in the wild when exhaustive surveys in known and/or expected habitat, at appropriate times (diurnal, seasonal, annual), throughout its historic range have failed to record an individual.
		Such a taxon would thus be prone to the effects of human activities (or stochastic events whose impact is increased by human activities) within a very short period of time in an unforeseeable future, and is thus capable of becoming Critically Endangered or even Extinct in a very short period.
	www.npwrc.usgs.gov /resource/birds/cranes/app3.htm (4652 words)

	IAPT International Association for Plant Taxonomy - TAXON (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		TAXON is the journal of the International Association for Plant Taxonomy and is devoted to systematic and evolutionary biology with emphasis on botany.
		TAXON is providing authors the opportunity to store in electronic form supplementary data too bulky or too technical to be included in the printed version of their article.
		Distribution: Taxon is sent to all members of the International Association for Plant Taxonomy.
	www.bgbm.fu-berlin.de /iapt/taxon/default.htm (204 words)

	PGR Forum: Taxon Group Concept illustration
		Thus, in the absence of genetic information, it is possible to apply the taxon group concept as a proxy indicator of the degree of relationship between crop species and their wild relatives.
		Application of the taxon group concept means that it is now possible to establish the degree of relatedness for all crop species and their wild relatives.
		It should be noted that where hybridisation results are available, application of the gene pool concept has precedence over the taxon group concept, because the former is based on intrinsic genetic relationships and not the more subjective interpretation inherent in taxonomic classifications.
	www.pgrforum.org /TG_illustration.htm (814 words)

	Ricklefs & Bermingham: Taxon cycles
		It is tempting to conceptualise patterns of distribution and abundance as stages in the life history of a taxon and to compare the contraction of a population to senescence.
		From the concept of the taxon cycle developed by E.O. Wilson (1961), it was apparent that these patterns of distribution and taxonomic differentiation could be arranged in a temporal series of taxon-cycle stages.
		Ricklefs, R.E. and Cox, G.W. Stage of taxon cycle, habitat distribution, and population density in the avifauna of the West Indies.
	www.umsl.edu /~ricklefs/Reprints/RB1999.htm (7916 words)

	Learning Taxonomy
		The features that define a taxon can be divided into those that derive from the taxons that it is contained in, and those that are unique to it.
		Not just because we want there to be a largest taxon that has everything else in it, but because there is quite a long list of features that are found in all living things, including DNA, RNA, proteins, ribosomes and the universal code that translates from DNA to RNA to protein.
		The smallest well-defined taxon is the species, which is defined according by a criterion of inter-breeding: members of a species interbreed with each other, either directly, or indirectly (in the case of species dispersed over a large region), whereas members of different species do not interbreed with each other.
	www.1729.com /wiki/LearningTaxonomy.html (1352 words)

	Deep Hypha -- Taxon sampling lists proposed for AFTOL
		Multiple taxa may be proposed for any one taxon (e.g., multiple species within a genus, or multiple genera within a family) and more than one person may offer to provide identical or similiar species.
		David Hibbett is coordinating the sampling of molecular data from the Basidiomycota.
		Francois Lutzoni and Joey Spatafora are coordinating the sampling of molecular data for the Ascomycota.
	ocid.nacse.org /research/deephyphae/aftol_taxon.php (529 words)

	New Taxon of Galápagos Tortoise Identified
		The new taxon (species or sub-species) of Galápagos tortoise was characterized by a team of scientists led by Michael Russello, Adalgisa Caccone, and Jeffrey Powell in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at Yale.
		The current tortoise populations on the island of Santa Cruz, long believed to comprise a single taxon, are in fact, three genetically distinct lineages that are yet to be formally named.
		While visible characteristics, like the shapes of their shells, were the basis for previous classification of the tortoises, this research team used a variety of molecular genetic and analytical tools including mitochondrial DNA analysis from extinct taxa.
	www.yale.edu /opa/newsr/05-07-27-01.all.html (386 words)

	Taxon Summary
		A taxon (plural taxa), or taxonomic unit, is a grouping of organisms (named or unnamed).
		Once named, a taxon will usually have a rank and can be placed at a particular level in a hierarchy.
		Taxon is the name of the quarterly journal published by the International Association for Plant Taxonomy.
	www.bookrags.com /Taxon (251 words)

	Hierarchy: nested instances of a taxon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A taxon concept (broken circle) can be expressed as a set of instances (dots in the circle) with a name tag.
		For example, the family A is a taxon concept embracing the genera (= instances), X, Y and Z. Instances of genus X are themselves lower level taxon concepts, i.e.
		Each combination of a name and a taxon concept is specified in a publication, so not only taxon concepts but also the range of the hierarchy is publication dependent, enabling the database to hold multiple taxonomic views since each encapsulation is publication specific.
	www.nomencurator.org /Hierarchy.html (201 words)

	Scoring in State and Taxon Mode
		The Builder allows you to score all the characters for a chosen taxon, or all the taxa for a chosen character state, and you may toggle between these modes at any time.
		These are used to score a given state as being normally present, rarely present, uncertain, misinterpreted or rare and misinterpreted in the selected taxon.
		At times you may want to score all the characters for a particular taxon (as above), but at other times it may be convenient to score all the taxa for a particular character state.
	www.lucidcentral.com /lucid2/builder/webhelp/taxascoretaxon.htm (444 words)

	Cokemachineglow.com : Tortoise: A Lazarus Taxon
		Where A Lazarus Taxon thrives is its second disc, a collection that, though perhaps unintentionally, plays as a brilliant mix both smoothly interdependent and full of surprising distinctions.
		The DVD is less successful for its obvious insistence that you sit and watch distracted projects that refuse to provide a clear shot of the band performing or tie a coherent narrative to songs that lend themselves quite naturally to soundtracking.
		A Lazarus Taxon’s DVD has the feel of an obligation, and though it might have been a worthwhile addition as a live audio CD, has few redeeming moments as a viewing experience though it teems with material.
	www.cokemachineglow.com /reviews/tortoise_alazarustaxon2006.html (989 words)

	TIARA Help : Taxon Lists
		In addition to several user-selectable controls, this screen area displays four lines of header information above the displayed taxon list as follows: (1) taxonomic scope of list and links to associated higher taxa, (2) rank of principal taxa shown in list and kind of list, (3) list criteria, and (4) number of list items.
		Taxon lists may be displayed in strict alphabetical order or sorted by higher taxa.
		Data from taxon lists can be copied and pasted as simple text into other applications for further use by individual users.
	insects.tamu.edu /research/neuropterida/tiara/public3/TiaraHelpShowTaxonLists.html (765 words)

	Taxon \| World of Biology
		A taxon is a taxonomic group of any rank.
		Until the new organism is classified, it is normally referred to as merely a new taxon.
		As a twentieth century derivative of the word taxonomy, taxon can also refer to a group of organisms sharing similar characteristics when the hierarchical classification is unimportant to a scientific discussion.
	www.bookrags.com /research/taxon-wob (87 words)

	Homo habilis: is it an invalid taxon?
		So-called Homo habilis has pretty well died as a taxon, the confusion seemingly caused by assigning of either erectus or, more commonly, australopithecine fossil pieces into this 'taxonomic waste bin'.
		Spoor did not say that habilis was not a valid species; he said that it was not a single species (more precisely, that the fossils often assigned to habilis do not all belong to a single species).
		Creationists may claim this uncertainty supports their contention that habilis is an invalid taxon, but in fact it disproves it: Blumenschine and his colleagues would hardly be arguing about which specimens belonged in habilis if they didn't consider it a valid species.
	www.talkorigins.org /faqs/homs/invalidtaxon.html (1180 words)

	MykoWeb -- Fungal Taxonomy I
		A taxon is monophyletic when all of its members are part of the same clade, and all members of that clade are members of that taxon.
		If a subclade within the larger clade is not included in the taxon, that taxon is said to be paraphyletic.
		However, a situation to be avoided is one in which a taxon is polyphyletic, that is, members of more than one single clade are grouped together in a common taxon.
	www.mykoweb.com /articles/taxonomy_1.html (1096 words)

	Lazarus taxon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In paleontology, a Lazarus taxon (plural taxa) is a taxon that disappears from one or more periods of the fossil record, only to appear again later.
		It should be noted, however, that being "extinct" strongly relates to the sampling intensity and the whims of the IUCN, and that such a period of apparent extinction is too short for species to be designated as "Lazarus taxa" (in its paleontological meaning).
		If the original taxon went globally extinct, the new taxon must be an Elvis taxon.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lazarus_taxon (786 words)

	Status and Ranking System of the Washington Natural Heritage Program
		LT = Listed Threatened: Any taxon that is likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range and that has been formally listed as such in the Federal Register under the Federal Endangered Species Act.
		PE = Proposed Endangered: Any taxon that is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range and that has been proposed for listing as such in the Federal Register under the Federal Endangered Species Act.
		PT = Proposed Threatened: Any taxon that is likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range and that has been proposed for listing as such in the Federal Register under the Federal Endangered Species Act.
	www.dnr.wa.gov /nhp/refdesk/lists/stat_rank.html (1914 words)

	More Genes or More Taxa? The Relative Contribution of Gene Number and Taxon Number to Phylogenetic Accuracy -- Rokas ...
		The effect of taxon number on phylogenetic accuracy is significant, albeit weakly; increasing taxon number (abscissa) leads to higher values of ASSymDif (ordinate) and hence a decrease in phylogenetic accuracy.
		Variation in gene number is represented by symbols of different shades of gray, e.g., the 3-gene data points are drawn as light gray squares, whereas the 20-gene data points are drawn as dark gray circles.
		Variation in taxon number is represented by variation in symbol shading.
	mbe.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/22/5/1337 (4578 words)

	Taxon Editor
		Taxon Editor is thought as a tool to facilitate the process of editing taxonomic models (thesaura), which are used to edit and analyse relevé taxon entries.
		Taxon Editor works with Taxon Thesaurus Files, being each open document a distinct tab in the editor.Each file panel is divided in two parts.
		Taxon: On the top subpanel one can edit the information concerning this taxon, such as name (only the part corresponding to the taxon level), authors, taxonomical level, and codes.
	biodiver.bio.ub.es /vegana/resources/help/quercus/English/TaxonEditor.htm (451 words)

	[No title]
		The taxon concepts in the taxonomy tree represented by the XML document corresponding to this schema.
		If the information is from a database dump, such as ITIS, the date should be the date the database was dumped, otherwise it is the date thhe XML document corresponding to this schema was generated.
		The set of concepts in the same lineage as this concept, for example if this concept is an update, the previous concept would be found in the lineage.
	www.ittc.ku.edu /SEEK/taxonomy.xsd (296 words)

	NEXUS Data Editor for Windows (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The taxon names are shown in a column on the left; along the top of the spreadsheet are numbered columns representing the characters.
		For example, scoring a taxon as "0/1" means it has either state 0 or state 1 for that character; "0+1" means that it has both states.
		For example, if a taxon has a picture associated with it, then the name of that taxon is displayed as a hyperlink, and clicking on it displays the image in a separate popup window.
	taxonomy.zoology.gla.ac.uk /rod/NDE/manual.html (3255 words)

	Interpreting Cladograms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A terminal node is the hypothetical last common ancestral interbreeding population of the taxon labeled at a tip of the cladogram.
		For example, the clade that includes both Taxon 2 and Taxon 3 is hypothesized, in this cladogram, to include their shared ancestor (actually, an interbreeding population of organisms) at internal node C and everything it gave rise to (in this case, Taxon 2 and Taxon 3).
		In contrast, a grouping of Taxon 1 and Taxon 2 without Taxon 3 is not a clade, according to this cladogram hypothesis, because there is no way to snip off the first two without Taxon 3 also falling off.
	biology.fullerton.edu /biol402/phylolab_new.html (1415 words)

	1994 IUCN Red List Categories (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		CRITICALLY ENDANGERED (CR) A taxon is Critically Endangered when it is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future, as defined by any of the criteria A to E.
		ENDANGERED (EN) A taxon is Endangered when it is not Critically Endangered but is facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future, as defined by any of the criteria A to E.
		VULNERABLE (VU) A taxon is Vulnerable when it is not Critically Endangered or Endangered but is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild in the medium-term future, as defined by any of the criteria A to E.
	www.wcmc.org.uk /species/animals/categories.html (508 words)

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