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Topic: Telegraph code

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Baudot code

Character encoding

Code

TRON (encoding)

Morse code

Guobiao

Guobiao code

Han unification

GB18030

Chinese character

CJK

Telegram

ASCII

Four corner method

Wubi method

	THE MORSE CODE & THE CONTINENTAL CODE - TELEGRAPH & SCI INSTRUMENT MUSEUMS
		The original "MORSE CODE" used by Samuel Morse since the 1840's to allow letters to be sent as short electrical signals (dots) and long electrical signals (dashes) along with some embedded spaces was also called the "AMERICAN" MORSE CODE.
		The early "Morse Code" was well suited for this form of communication but could not easily be used for radio telegraphic communication due to the embedded spaces which were actually an integral part of several letters.
		The original "Morse Code" was replaced in England in the 1800's by a somewhat similar code which eliminated all of the embedded spaces and long dashes within letters that were found in many of the letters in the original Morse code.
	www.chss.montclair.edu /~pererat/percode.htm (696 words)

	The First Printing Telegraphs (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The idea was to use the incoming telegraph signals to spin the wheel by fixed steps until the correct character faced the paper, and to then propel that character onto an inked tape located in front of the paper.
		In the case of the Baudot Code, twenty-six of these combinations were used for letters of the alphabet, leaving eight spare combinations for an idle code, a space code, a letter-shift code, and so on.
		this dilemma, the letter-shift code was used to emulate the shift key on a typewriter by instructing the receiver that any subsequent codes were to be treated as uppercase characters (in this context, uppercase was used to refer to numbers, punctuation, and special symbols).
	www.maxmon.com /1880ad.htm (647 words)

	The Electromagnetic Telegraph
		Telegraphs made with one would work in a room, but would fail completely to work over only a short line, as many telegraph enthusiasts found to their disappointment.
		Telegraph trials were also made on the Saxon State Railways between Leipzig and Dresden by Weber of Göttingen and Steinheil in 1838, applying the telegraph to train operation, says M. von Weber in 1867, who also claims (probably erroneously) that the earth return was discovered there.
		Cooke and Wheatstone both worked on electrically-released dial telegraphs on which a hand would point to the desired message or character, so that skilled operators (and their wages) would not be required, or that the telegraph could be operated by the general public.
	mysite.du.edu /~jcalvert/tel/morse/morse.htm (23003 words)

	Alfred Vail Summary
		By 1838 the partners were demonstrating their perfected telegraph; the superb mechanics of the system were largely Vail's contribution.
		Morse originally devised a cipher code similar to that used in existing semaphore telegraphs, by which words were assigned three or four digit numbers and entered into a codebook.
		Alfred Vail is often credited with having developed the telegraph code known as the Morse code.
	www.bookrags.com /Alfred_Vail (1092 words)

	Commercial Telegraphic Code Books
		Code books were used in the era of telegraphs (from 1845 until well into the second half of the 20th century) to shorten telegrams, which were paid for by the word.
		Codes are still in use to convey very specialized and formulaic information in such fields as weather reporting, stock market reporting, aviation flight control, and epidemiological field reporting.
		In China, however, telegraphic codes are (or have recently been) widely used, since the usual writing system for Chinese is not directly usable with the telegraph.
	www.dtc.umn.edu /~reedsj/codebooks.html (1792 words)

	Morse code Summary
		This two-symbol, dot-and-dash code is capable of representing the characters of the alphabet by varying the number of symbols between one and four.
		In order to use the code, telegraph operators punched a simple key to open and close an electric circuit; a short keystroke was a dot, while a longer keystroke was a dash.
		In general, any code representing written symbols as variable length signals can be called a Morse code, but the term is used specifically for the two kinds of Morse code used for the English alphabet and associated symbols.
	www.bookrags.com /Morse_code (4894 words)

	Morse Code -- History and Use
		telegraph key was then used to tap out the sequence of dits, dahs, and pauses that represented the number.
		Z code; they were and are used by the operators themselves for service information like link quality, frequency changes, and telegram numbering.
		telegraph code using dits and dahs which was the forerunner of Morse code.
	www.edinformatics.com /inventions_inventors/morse_code.htm (2542 words)

	Chinese Telegraphic Code
		The code is presented in the form of 100 one page charts, each with a 10 by 10 grid of cells, each cell containing a Chinese character and its 4 digit code number.
		This code is variously called ``dian4bao4ma3,'' ``Standard Telegraphic Code,'' ``Chinese Commercial Telegraph Code,'' ``Chinese Commercial Code,'' and ``telecode,'' and I have seen it abbreviated STC, CCC, and CTC.
		I know there are some gaps in the code, that is, 4 digit CTC code numbers which in fact do stand for characters but are not given in telecode.gb.
	www.njstar.com /tools/telecode/jim-reeds-ctc.htm (1170 words)

	The Electromagnetic Telegraph
		Telegraphs made with one would work in a room, but would fail completely to work over only a short line, as many telegraph enthusiasts found to their disappointment.
		Telegraph trials were also made on the Saxon State Railways between Leipzig and Dresden by Weber of Göttingen and Steinheil in 1838, applying the telegraph to train operation, says M. von Weber in 1867, who also claims (probably erroneously) that the earth return was discovered there.
		Cooke and Wheatstone both worked on electrically-released dial telegraphs on which a hand would point to the desired message or character, so that skilled operators (and their wages) would not be required, or that the telegraph could be operated by the general public.
	www.du.edu /~jcalvert/tel/morse/morse.htm (23003 words)

	History of Communications - through the ages and into the next century...
		The idea for the electric telegraph was not thought up in a scientific laboratory, but on the deck of a sailing ship called the Scully, in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean.
		The telegraph was a success, In 1874, engineer and inventor Thomas Edison invented quadruplex telegraphy, where two messages could be sent in each direction at one time.
		Because of this and the invention of the teleprinting machines during the mid-1920s the Morse Code telegraph system wasn't needed anymore.
	library.thinkquest.org /5729/telegraph.htm (675 words)

	Chinese Telegraphic Code
		The Chinese telegraphic code book, compiled in 1911, was used for sending Chinese characters over the electrical (hand-keyed, Morse) telegraph.
		The code is presented in the form of 100 one page charts, each with a 10 by 10 grid of cells, each cell containing a Chinese character and its 4 digit code number.
		This code is variously called ``dian4bao4ma3,'' ``Standard Telegraphic Code,'' ``Chinese Commercial Telegraph Code,'' ``Chinese Commercial Code,'' and ``telecode,'' and I have seen it abbreviated STC, CCC, and CTC.
	www.dtc.umn.edu /~reedsj/ctc.html (1170 words)

	Further information on 'Telegraph Code'.
		If you wish to search for the term telegraph code, exploring the Connected Earth website is likely to be valuable.
		The experience is a completely multi-media one, enabling you to choose from clearly-written stories, more detailed study, 3D pictures of artefacts, oral or written reminiscences from former telecommunications industry workers, short movies, and ingenious animations providing easy-to-understand explanations of the way in which things work.
		Connected Earth is the site to continue your exploration of the term telegraph code.
	www.connected-earth.com /content/telegraph_code.html (286 words)

	Telegraph Key And Sounder, 1850s, 1860s
		A morse code was invented that contained a series of dots and dashes for every letter and every number which was known as the morse code.
		It's important to remember that the telegraph, which quickly spread from 1844 on and the telephone which was invented in 1876, required multiple operators to relay messages and patch calls and dispatches through.
		The telegraph office would then covert the morse code to a written message and hand deliver the telegram to the person it was addressed to on foot.
	www.pimall.com /nais/pivintage/telegraph.html (1094 words)

	The Telegraph Office -- for Telegraph Key Collectors and Historians
		Thomas Edison: The teenage telegrapher became a telegraph engineer an telegraph instrument maker before becoming the premier inventor of the 19th century.
		Heroes of the Telegraph: Biographies of telegraph inventors and entrepreneurs written by John Munro, 1891.
		Three Telegraphic Poems of the 19th century: Besides being a great electro-physicist, James C. Maxwell was quite a poet.
	www.telegraph-office.com /tel_off-page.html (2958 words)

	Donald Murray five-unit telegraph code developer.
		The paper marked an era in the presentation of papers on telegraphy; among other things it laid down the fundamentals required of a successful printing telegraph system with respect to the form of the alphabet or code to be employed.
		In 1914-15 he contributed a series of articles to the Telegraph and Telephone journal, entitled "Press the Button Telegraphy", and in 1925 he was awarded the Paris Exhibition Premium for his Institution paper on "Speeding up the Telegraphs; a Forecast of the New Telegraphy".
		In 1899 Donald Murray went to New York with a telegraph invention, which was designed for setting type by telegraph by connecting the linotype to telegraph machinery, his motto being "this tape sets type".
	home.iprimus.com.au /oseagram/murray.html (932 words)

	YouTube - First Telegraph at Hockey Game 1896
		I'm an extra, playing a telegrapher in a scene which is a recreation of an 1896 hockey game.
		The telegrapher is sending a reporter's notes back to a newspaper's headquarters for the next day's sports news.
		morse code telegraph 1896 first indoor hockey rink game Montreal vs.
	www.youtube.com /watch?v=z5eRCTFXwxg (254 words)

	United States Military Telegraph - Morse Code Files
		To help promote all versions of morse code, we've provided some links on the right-hand side of the page that may be useful.
		Some are true morse code teaching tools, others are programs that will enable you to practice and/or communicate with morse code.
		MRX Morse Code is also made by MRX Software.
	www.unitedstatesmilitarytelegraph.org /morseprograms.html (1122 words)

	How To Build a Morse Code Buzzer and Telegraph
		The telegraph is very similar to the simple buzzer project, but it includes a light (LED) and a connector that you can attach to another buzzer to create a simple telegraph.
		The buzzer and telegraph is simple to build, all you need is a button, a buzzer, a LED, a battery, a connector and a battery holder.
		The total cost is $28.47 for a complete telegraph with 2 buzzers.
	www.terrax.org /comm/morsecode/buzzer2.aspx (1471 words)

	NPR : Telegraph Stories
		Ode to the Code was Produced by Jonathan Kern.
		All Things Considered editor Jonathan Kern recalls how the telegraph and its Morse Code were an important part of his childhood -- a language that united him with his father.
		In the 1930s and through the mid '40s, Western Union telegraph operator Alexander Shannon tapped away, transmitting news of Boston's sports teams to news wires, and on to people across America.
	www.npr.org /templates/story/story.php?storyId=3602304 (337 words)

	How To Build a Morse Code Buzzer and Telegraph (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The telegraph is very similar to the simple buzzer project, but it includes a light (LED) and a connector that you can attach to another buzzer to create a simple telegraph.
		The buzzer and telegraph is simple to build, all you need is a button, a buzzer, a LED, a battery, a connector and a battery holder.
		You can attach more than two buzzers to a telegraph line, simply add an extra plug for every box that you want to add.
	terrax.org /comm/morsecode/buzzer2.aspx (1471 words)

	The Mac Observer--How The Mac Changed The World: Telegraph Road
		A worldwide web of copper wire and telegraph keys shrunk the world of the industrial revolution as no technology had ever done and it fired a technical and social revolution that continues to this day.
		The problem was Morse code, the language of telegraphy, forever unknowable to everyman, it required intermediaries, in the form of telegraphers.
		The step from telegraph key to dumb terminal was a technological advance; but a hollow one, for any faint, trace of humanity in the machinery was either lost or purposely ground to dust under the heel of industrial efficiency.
	www.macobserver.com /features/howthemac/delmiller.html (1984 words)

	Bloomberg.com: Muse
		Then, as 1862 opened, he realized the telegraph would allow him to project himself into the fray, something every modern manager must do.
		He often slept on a cot in the telegraph office.
		The writing is focused and lean, though Wheeler works in some sharp asides on telegraph code, political kickbacks and wartime censorship.
	www.bloomberg.com /apps/news?pid=20601088&refer=&sid=aBZpEhulXKm8 (667 words)

	IEEEVM: Morse Code: Language of the Telegraph
		Morse code is a language created by Samuel Morse and Alfred Vail to be used with the telegraph.
		Each letter of the alphabet is made of dots and dashes that were originally sent over telegraph wires or by radio waves from one place to another.
		In 1995, the United States Coast Guard ended the use of Morse Code transmissions in its maritime communications service, signaling the end of an era in the history of communications.
	www.ieee-virtual-museum.org /collection/event.php?id=3456871&lid=1 (384 words)

	American Experience \| The Time of the Lincolns \| A Rising Nation
		The first American telegraph line, completed in 1843, went from Baltimore to Washington, a distance of 37 miles.
		By then, Morse had perfected the system of dot and dash telegraph signals that became known as Morse Code.
		The telegraph played a key role in the Civil War as well.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/lincolns/nation/gal_tech_4.html (117 words)

	News \| Telegraph
		News articles from the UK and abroad - The Telegraph's online newspaper has the latest UK business news, UK countryside news, UK education news, UK technology news and weather news for the UK.
		He describes how one of the most precious secrets of the early Cold War was betrayed to the Soviet Union by an American spy.
		The codebreakers' secret had been handed to the Russians by William W Weisband, their agent in the US army.
	portal.telegraph.co.uk /news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2003/06/02/ncode02.xml (455 words)

	Telegraph Morse Code Practice Oscillator Electronic Kit
		Telegraph electronic kit by MadLab lets you practice Morse code as a stand alone code practice oscillator, or telegraph actual messages between two of these kits using Morse code.
		Practice your Morse Code skills by tapping out letters on the telegraph pushbutton.
		It was sent by the ocean liner Titanic after she struck an iceberg and began to sink.
	www.apogeekits.com /telegraph.htm (349 words)

	The Telegraph Office -- A Tribute to Morse Telegraphy and Resource for Wire and Wireless Telegraph Historians and ...
		The Telegraph Office -- A Tribute to Morse Telegraphy and Resource for Wire and Wireless Telegraph Historians and Collectors
		Telegraph key, telegraph history, Vibroplex, Vibroplex bug, key, sounder, relay, morse code, morse registers, railroad telegraph, telegraph sounder, call box, leg key, legless key.
		Code, American Morse Code, International Morse Code, Continental Code, Signal Corps.
	www.telegraph-office.com /tel_off.html (108 words)

	The Telegraph - Calcutta : At Leisure
		The cards, which will be placed in racks in cinema foyers, will also encourage film goers to apply for a free booklet called Cracking the Da Vinci Code by Mark Stibbe, which examines the claims in more detail.
		“In The Da Vinci Code story, several of the lead characters make highly contentious claims about secret gospels, the relationship between Jesus and Mary Magdalene, and whether the Church has been engaged in a cover-up for the past 2,000 years,” said Jeff Bonsor, the director of the centre.
		Archbishop Angelo Amato, of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, said: “If such lies and errors had been directed at the Koran and Holocaust they would have justly provoked a world uprising.”
	www.telegraphindia.com /1060513/asp/atleisure/story_6218348.asp (380 words)

	Science of Morse Code Telegraph
		Science of the Morse Code Telegraph (7 min)
		For Grades K - 8th, Tailored to audience age range.
		What did the jar of mayonnaise say to the refrigerator?
	www.sciencerangers.com /morse_code_quicktime.htm (153 words)

	telegraph code (Site not responding. Last check: )
		More startling, though, is the transformation of Barry Ferguson.
		Try browsing through the many links on this page to find more about telegraph code!
		Try refining your search for telegraph code by reducing search terms, and check spelling
	www.armchairfans.co.uk /news/telegraph-code.html (303 words)

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